Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Proposal of a new method for calculating GSI

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Vivanco A. , Avendaño E.

Mining Science

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2022

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tom Vol. 29

93--105

EN

Rock mass classification systems are simple but valuable tools for the qualitative and quantitative classification of rock masses and for the planning of the fortification of mining excavations. Unfortunately, in the prefeasibility phase, not all the information needed for a preliminary project evaluation is always available, and one of the few available information is the RQD, however, although it is very necessary to determine the GSI to analyze the failure criteria, it is difficult to obtain at this stage of the project. Although several correlations between the different classification systems have been identified, the most abundant ones are those relating GSI as a function of RMR and as a function of Barton’s Q. As for GSI relationships as a function of RQD, only three recent relationships are available: Hoek et al. (2013), Santa et al. (2019), and Xia et al. (2022). Therefore, this study presents a correlational analysis of the GSI and RQD classification systems, using robust nonparametric statistics, with the aim of determining an expression to estimate GSI in the field. Among the results, it is highlighted that better GSI prediction results are obtained when 25% < RQD ≤ 87%, with a maximum error of ±14 points, improving the estimation accuracy by 62% with respect to current proposals. Despite the above, the difficulty of interpreting more accurately the specific geological characteristics of each rock mass remains.

2

Preliminary support design for underground mine adit, Artana mine, Kosovo

86%

Zeqiri K. , Ibishi G. , Shabani M. , Kortnik J. , Bilir M. E. , Geniş M. , Yavuz M. , Hetemi M. , Bacak G.

Mining Science

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2021

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tom Vol. 28

141--159

EN

In this paper, preliminary support design of the main underground opening (i.e., mine adit) located at the Artana lead-zinc mine, Kosovo, was examined by employing both conventional and numerical methods for safe underground excavation and design. In order to conduct field studies including discontinuity surveying and sampling for laboratory testing two empirical methods, namely rock mass rating (RMR) and geological strength index (GSI) were employed. For the purpose of determining necessary support units RMR system was utilized. However, these kind of systems can take into account for neither the depth of underground opening nor in situ field stresses. For this reason, empirical design methods (i.e., RMR system) failed to investigate the performance of rock support units; therefore, a 2D finite element analysis program was used to assess the performance of the proposed support systems. This indicated that RMR system might not be applicable for poor and very poor rock masses located in deep environment (i.e., 300 and 400 m). Moreover, this is linked to the fact that the RMR system does not consider in situ stress conditions. This study showed that when empirical methods are supported by numerical analysis, the preliminary support system design will be much more reliable.

3

Uwzględnienie konstrukcji budynku przy szacowaniu szkód górniczych z wykorzystaniem doświadczeń makrosejsmicznej skali EMS-98

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Pilecka E. , Szermer-Zaucha R.

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tom R. 68, nr 2

83--89

PL

Do oceny oddziaływania wstrząsów indukowanych działalnością górniczą na obiekty budowlane i ludzi stosuje się w Polsce różne skale np. Górniczą Skalę Intensywności -GSI. W niniejszym artykule przytoczono przykład klas wrażliwości sejsmicznej budynków według Europejskiej Skali Makrosejsmicznej 1998 (EMS-98). Dalsze prace nad skalami opisującymi szkody górnicze powinny uwzględniać także konstrukcję budynku ulegającemu zniszczeniu. Pomocne może być skorzystanie z wzorców zawartych w makrosejsmicznej skali EMS-98.

EN

Different scales, for example: Mining Scale of Intensity - GSI are used in Poland to evaluate the impact of shocks induced by mining activities on buildings and people. The article quoted an example of seismic sensitivity classes of buildings, according to the European Macro-Seismic Scale 1998 (EMS-98). Further work on the scales describing mining damages should also take into account the structure of the building undergoing destruction. It may be helpful to use the models contained in macro-seismic scale EMS-98.

4

Geomechaniczne problemy zabudowy terenów po górnictwie rudnym na przykładzie rejonu Tarnowskich Gór

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Pozzi M. , Kleta H.

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2008

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tom z. 285

219-231

PL

Na terenach pogómiczych należy często dokonywać oceny możliwości zabudowy z uwagi na istniejące wyrobiska górnicze i możliwości deformacji powierzchni terenu. W artykule przedstawiono przykład takiej oceny dla niewielkiego obszaru w Tarnowskich Górach, w miejscu dawnej eksploatacji rud cynku i ołowiu. Ocenę przeprowadzono w oparciu o modelowanie komputerowe geomechanicznych własności górotworu z wykorzystaniem metodyki GSI.

EN

In areas after miting be frequently evaluate the possibility of building because of the existing underground excavations and risk of deformations on the surface area. The article is an example of such an assessment to a small area in the city Tarnowskie Góry in place of former ore Zn-Pb exploitation. The assessment was carried out bassed on computer modeling of geomechanical property of rock massif using Geological Streinght Index (GSI) procedure.

5

System GSI w budownictwie mieszkaniowym

81%

Kosiński T.

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tom nr 4

36-38

PL

Szybki rozwój rynku mieszkaniowego zmusza deweloperów do inwestowania na terenach o skomplikowanych warunkach techniczno-gruntowych. Niejednokrotnie zmuszeni są oni do podcinania naturalnych zboczy lub zwiększenia ich kąta nachylenia zmniejszając w ten sposób ich wskaźnik stateczności. W takich przypadkach z pomocą przychodzą rozwiązania geoinżynieryjne jakimi są gwoździe i kotwy gruntowe. W artykule opisano zalety systemu GSI na przykładzie inwestycji: "Brędowska Brama" w Gdańsku i budynku mieszkalnego w śródmieściu Lublina.

6

CBM Experiment Local and Global Implications

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Romaniuk R. S. , Zabołotny W. M.

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

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2016

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tom Vol. 62, No. 1

89--96

EN

The research area of the compressed baryonic matter - CBM experiment (FAIR/GSI in Darmstadt) is subnuclear physics, thus hadron-baryon and quark-gluon, and the essence of phase transitions in the area of hot nuclear matter, and dense strongly interacting matter. Our interest in this paper are mainly considerations on the impact of such large infrastructural experiments and possibilities they give to local, smaller but very active, university based research groups and communities. Research and technical input from such groups is depicted on the background of the CBM detector infrastructure and electronic instrumentation just under design and test fabrication for this experiment. An essential input to this research originates from Poland via the agreed in-kind contribution. The areas of expertise of these groups are: superconductivity, structural large scale cabling, precision machined parts, RF and microwave technology, analog and advanced digital electronics, distributed measurement and control systems, etc.

7

Recent data of the biology of the twaite shad, Alosa fallax returning for spawning to the Szczecin Lagoon (southern Baltic Sea)

72%

Więcaszek B. , Czerniejewski P. , Dąbrowski J. , Korzelecka A. , Formicki K. , Tański A.

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2024

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tom no. 62

97--105

EN

In 2022-2023 specimens of A. fallax are recorded for the first time in approximately 17 years in Szczecin Lagoon. We collected 11 specimens of juveniles, 9 premature and mature females, and 9 premature and mature males (20.3-40.7 cm of total length, aged from 1+ to 4+). The 2+ aged fish was slightly dominated (34.5% of the whole sample). Females in the Szczecin Lagoon were ready to spawn in the age of 3+ and 4+ years, while males partly in 2+, and in the age of 3+ and 4+. Fulton’s condition factor of this fish was 0.93±0.14 and Clark’s 0.78±0.14. Analysis of correlations between the total length and individual weight of fish revealed that the growth of A. fallax was allometric (b < 3.0). The range of gonadosomatic index (GSI) was 0.12-26.59%, while the mean of the absolute and relative fecundity was 58,756 eggs per female and 139,650 eggs per kilogram of body weight. The obtained results indicate the occurrence of an anadromous population of Alosa fallax in the studied water areas. However, there is still a need to obtain detailed information on the population status and the biology of A. fallax in these areas in order to designate special conservation areas (SACs) for their protection, especially taking into account spawning habitats.

8

Proponowane kierunki dalszej modyfikacji skali GSI-GZW/KW

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Tatara T.

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2013

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tom T. 69, nr 11

17--24

PL

W pracy przeprowadzono analizę zinwentaryzowanych uszkodzeń w kilkudziesięciu budynkach (głównie wzniesionych jako murowe) i weryfikację przypisanych im stopni intensywności wstrząsów wg skali GSI-GZW. Podano zestawienie zinwentaryzowanych uszkodzeń oraz parametry charakteryzujące wstrząsy, po wystąpieniu których inwentaryzowane były te uszkodzenia. Analizowano także wpływ okresu eksploatacji budynków oraz rozwiązania konstrukcyjne na obraz uszkodzeń w budynkach. Na podstawie opisów uszkodzeń podano autorską propozycję modyfikacji skali GSI – GZW/KW – V. Podano także nowe granice (dolną i górną) strefy III, zaproponowano dolną granicę strefy IV intensywności drgań, w której mogą pojawić się uszkodzenia konstrukcyjne wraz z ich szczegółowym opisem. Na zakończenie przedstawiono propozycję dalszych kierunków prac, których rezultaty mogą spowodować kolejne modyfikacje skal GSI-GZW.

EN

This paper analyzes the inventoried damages in dozens of buildings (mainly built as masonry) and verify the intensity levels assigned to them according to GSI-GZW scale. It refers to the summary of the inventoried damages and the parameters characterizing tremors, whose occurrence was registered in the inventory of the damage. The authors analyzed the impact of the service life of buildings and design solutions on the image of defects in those buildings. On the basis of the author's description of the damage, a proposal to modify the GSI-GZWKW-V scale was submitted. This paper also provides new limits (lower and upper) for zone III and the proposal of the lower limit for zone IV vibration intensity, in which structural damages may occur, along with detailed description. In conclusion, further directions for research, whose results may lead to subsequent modifications of the GSI-GZW scale were presented.