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INEQUALITY AND ASSOCIATION: GRADUATED DIMENSIONS OF SOCIAL DIFFERENTIATION

100%

Karpinski Z.

nr 3(182)

67-88

The article is an attempt to test empirically the inequality theorem, a major theorem in Peter M. Blau's theory of intergroup relations. The theorem states that social inequality is conducive to social integration in the sense that an increase in inequality creates associations between members of different strata, even fairly distant ones, more probable. Social integration is understood broadly here in terms of rates of intergroup relations. A specific definition of the concept was proposed in the framework of the models of relational inequality which are discussed in detail in the article. These models allow for precise definition of the level of social inequality and the extent to which a society is integrated. In the empirical test of the inequality theorem, data from 7 editions of the Polish General Social Survey were used. To assess fit of the model tested, linear regression through the origin was employed. High values of the coefficient of determination obtained by the model indicate its good fit which, in turn, suggests that the inequality theorem is an appropriate description of the relationship between inequality and integration, even though it is highly counterintuitive.

EFEKT PRECENENIA POLOŽIEK SÚVAHY NA VÝSLEDOK HOSPODÁRENIA PODNIKOV

100%

Schwartzová Z. , Lyócsa Š. , Baumӧhl E.

Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)

2010

tom 58

nr 4

360-374

The authors have proposed a methodology for analysing the impact of changes in accounting appraisal methods (with compliance to the harmonization process of IAS/IFRS) on the profit/loss of a company. Using the principles of Gini coefficient, they have derived and designed two measures which can be used for quantifying differences in profit/loss distribution functions of companies. In the empirical part of the paper their results confirm, that the impact of the process of IAS/IFRS implementation in a company may depend on the industry in which it operates. These results have also been confirmed when they reclassified companies into more homogeneous groups using cluster analysis.