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1 Naše řeč (Our Speech)
1 Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)

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Valence jako jádro jazykového systému

100%

Sgall P.

Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)

2006

tom 67

nr 3

163-178

Valency of lexical units (i.e. the sets of their obligatory and optional dependents) constitutes the main link between lexicon and grammar. As handled up to now by J. Panevová and others in the Functional Generative Description, valency provides a very good starting point for the testing of this approach in the Prague Dependency Treebank. The morphemic and especially syntactic annotation of large segments of free texts confirm that this description has essentially been formulated adequately. Even so, certain issues of valency deserve further discussion. This article partly summarizes earlier research in the Charles University Theoretical and Computational Linguistics group and adds new results. It aims to document how issues concerning a hierarchy of the types of dependency relations, the orientation of these relations, the usefulness of recognizing a third class of dependents “between” arguments and adjuncts, etc., can be handled in useful ways using this background.

Funkční generativní popis - rámec pro konzistentní popis gramatiky

80%

Panevová J. , Hajičová E. , Kettnerová V. , Kolářová V. , Lopatková M. , Mikulová M. , Ševčíková M.

Naše řeč (Our Speech)

2020

tom 103

nr 1-2

55-78

In the present contribution, the main constitutive features of the Functional Generative Description as proposed by Petr Sgall and his collaborators are introduced together with a brief characterization of selected Czech grammatical phenomena within this framework. These phenomena include above all verbal and nominal valency and related issues and topic-focus articulation, esp. in relation to negation and presupposition. Criteria for the determination of valency members are proposed together with the changes in the valency structure connected with the application of different diatheses and alternations. The role of valency requirements in complex predicates is described and exemplified by means of derived structures. The other phenomenon investigated is connected with reflexive and reciprocal constructions. Furthermore, attention is devoted to the categorization of deletions and the related phenomenon of the general participant, and also to various comparative constructions that are described as constructions with surface deletions. The constructions introduced by the Czech preposition kromě ‘besides/instead of’ are used as an illustration of how their deep representation looks. The main tenets of FGD have been applied, verified and further refined in the Prague Dependency Treebank family and valency lexicons, which are briefly characterized here as well.