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1

Volba a korunovace Karla VI. římským císařem v roce 1711

100%

Kubeš J.

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tom 111

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nr 4

805-841

EN

Based on the existing literature, contemporary printed materials and especially primary sources from the Bohemian Court Chancellary and the Family Archives of the Windisch- Grätz family, the author attempts, for the first time ever in a Czech historiography to deal comprehensively with the election and coronation of Charles VI in 1711. This text has two main purposes. Primarily, it involves a more comprehensive revisiting of the events after the death of Emperor Joseph I (April) in Vienna at the court of the Regent Empress dowager Eleonora Magdalena, at the court of Charles III of Spain in Barcelona, or possibly also in Milan, yet, especially in Frankfurt am Main. There, the pre-electoral negotiations, attended by the Bohemian electoral embassy took place, during which an electoral capitulation was drafted after approximately two months and the proper ceremonial election of Charles as King of the Romans (October) took place. Thereafter, the imperial coronation followed, yet again after an interval of two months (December). In second part, the author researches the events of 1711 in a wider context and compares them with preceding elections and coronations. He attempts to discover to what degree these processes were similar, or to what extent they differed from one another and to establish the reasons why deviations from traditions, which people in the Early Modern Ages held so dear, occurred; who benefited from these innovations and how they influenced the functioning of the Empire as a whole.

2

Frankfurt nad Menem: nieobecna struktura starego miasta. Międzynarodowa nagroda urbanistyczna im. Waltera Kolba

84%

Wicher W.

Czasopismo Techniczne. Architektura

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2004

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tom R. 101, z. 2-A

417--428

EN

Until the end of Second World War the historic downtown of Frankfurt was one of the greatest complex of half-timber building, remarkable heritage of subsequent generations of the city's inhabitants. After the bombardments destroying the historical core and further unfortunate concepts of rebuilding, Frankfurt lost urban identity of its downtown for many years. Two main concepts of the post-war development of Altstadt were based on two opposite attitudes and have been influential in the coming fifties and sixties of 20th century: first one based on the reconstruction of the historical plan and the second one based radical changes and rebuilding of the former historical structure in the spirit of modern. Finally the contemporary Frankfurt's Old Town is contradictory to the natural development of similar parts in other cities with historical core: instead of being a centre of various public activities, as distinct to the surrounding structure and attached functions it does not provide a culmination point of the city. For years discussed concepts allowed only to realise a strange mixture of reconstructed or renovated buildings scattered within the extensive, residential blocks typical for peripherals, "enriched" by several public buildings, usually out of scale or context. Some exceptions built in the eighties and nineties of 20th century are the only semi-susccessfull attempts of traditional attitude in shaping the urban space and structure. According to the International Walter Kolb Urban Design Competition organised among the other institution by Professor Albert Speer Foundation the concept entitled: "Frankfurt upon Main - The Urban Triad" elaborated by team representing Faculty of Architecture CUT from Cracow has been awarded with the 1st prize.

3

„Wojna prądów” na przełomie XIX i XX w. w 130. rocznicę przesyłu energii elektrycznej z Lauffen do Frankfurtu nad Menem

67%

Rataj P. , Hickiewicz J.

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tom R. 89, nr 8

20--25

PL

Artykuł prezentuje podstawowe problemy związane z przesyłem energii elektrycznej prądem stałym z końca XIX w. Zawiera też informacje na temat początków techniki prądu trójfazowego, która pozwoliła na organizację pionierskiego przesyłu energii elektrycznej na 175 km z Lauffen do Frankfurtu nad Menem na Międzynarodową Wystawę Elektrotechniczną w 1891 r., co symbolicznie otwiera epokę prądu trójfazowego w technice przesyłowej, która trwa do teraz.

EN

This article presents the basic problems of the transmission of electricity by direct current at the end of the 19th century. It also provides important facts on the beginnings of three-phase current technology, which made it possible to organise the pioneering 175 km transmission of electricity from Lauffen to Frankfurt am Main for the International Electrotechnical Exhibition of 1891, symbolically opening the era of three-phase current in transmission technology, which continues to this day.

4

Státoprávní vyčlenění českých zemí ze Svaté říše římské. Důsledky říšské reformy Maxmiliána I. Habsburského

59%

Vorel P.

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tom 111

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nr 4

743-804

EN

This study continues long-term specialist discussions on the constitutional relationship between the Lands of the Czech Crown and the Holy Roman Empire in the period of the Early Modern Age. With the help of new primary resources, the author focuses on the period 1477–1495 during which the exclusion of the Czech Lands from a newly formed Roman-German Empire took place. The emergence of a new constitutional arrangement was completed through the consent of all four participating parties (King of the Romans – the Imperial Estates – the King of Bohemia – the Czech Estates), therefore it was conflict-free. The exclusion of the Czech Lands from the Empire was not the result of the emancipation struggle of the Czech Estates, whether national or religious, but it occurred within the context of the internal re-structuralisation of the Empire at the beginning of the Imperial Reform of Maximilian I. From the very beginning of the emergence of the Early Modern Roman-German Empire in 1495, the Lands of the Czech Crown were not part of it, neither de facto nor de iure, although in the course of the following two centuries these two neighbouring state formations happened to have a joint ruler from time to time. This formerly rather unusual perspective, yet in the author’s view, sufficiently documented by primary sources, on the constitutional development of Early Modern Medieval Europe provides a broader framework for interpretations of long-term trends in the history of the 16th and the 17th centuries.