In this paper, a multipath routing scheme is proposed for data transmission in a packet-switched network to improve the reliability of data delivery to multicast destinations, and to reduce network congestion. A multi-objective optimization model is presented that utilizes FEC (Forward Error Correction) across multiple multicast trees for transmitting packets toward the destinations. This model assigns the transmission rates over multicast trees so that the probability of irrecoverable loss for each destination and also the link congestion are minimized. We propose a genetic algorithm based on SPEA (Strength Pareto Evolutionary Algorithm) in order to approximate Pareto optimal solutions of this rate allocation problem with a nondominated solution set. Numerical results show that splitting data packets between multiple trees increases reliability and decreases network congestion when compared with the results obtained for transmitting data packets over a single tree.
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