Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Living wage

100%

Jacukowicz Z.

Polityka Społeczna

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2007

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tom 34

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nr 8(401)

22-25

EN

This paper addresses the question what is a living wage and how it differs from the general definition of remuneration, described as just and fair remuneration for work. The appropriate level of living wage for Poland is discussed. The idea of treating the remuneration as a show of solidarity, preventing poverty, as well as enabling families to develop and raise children, is presented. Treating remuneration as a living wage requires the guarantee of sufficient pay for the family father. The discrepancy between the remuneration in Poland and sufficient living wage is shown. An alternative point of view about remuneration, stating that the amount of remuneration should reflect the value of the work performed, regardless of who performed the work, is presented.

2

THE ROLE OF FAMILY IN SHAPING A CIVIL SOCIETY (Rola rodziny w ksztaltowaniu spoleczenstwa obywatelskiego)

100%

Nikolajew J. , Lesniewska G.

Management and Business Administration. Central Europe

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2012

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tom 20

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nr 2(115)

123-135

EN

1. Purpose This article aims to identify the important role of family in shaping a civil society and citizenship, especially regarding the younger generation. 2. Methodology The article presents the results of the discussions at the conference entitled 'Time for growth. Man and business in a civil society'. The subject of this discussion was the role of family in shaping a civil society and the values of citizenship. Also a diagnostic survey was used, entitled: 'Are we a civil society', which was conducted among 441 respondents. 3. Findings The family is a social structure, which should be particularly protected and supported, especially when its operation is changed. The Polish family is currently in a specific situation. On the one hand, it can be seen moving away from the values of a traditional family and, on the other hand, it tries to adjust to the modern society. Over the centuries much has changed in the family model. Basic changes in the family structure can be attributed to the transformations in contemporary society. Nowadays, the family has limited control. Modern living conditions, particularly in urban areas, are not helpful when it comes to parents having any control over their children. This contributes to the anonymity of individuals, to prolonged periods of time spent outside the home, etc. 4. Originality The topic that is discussed here is very important, especially in the context of the ongoing discussion on the definition of media, the role of family and social support. A civil society must have its origin in the family.

3

USE OF INTERNET PORNOGRAPHY BY SECONDARY SCHOOL GIRLS IN THE CONTEXT OF FAMILY FACTORS (Korzystanie z pornografii internetowej przez uczennice szkol srednich w kontekscie czynnikow rodzinnych )

80%

Pawlowska B. , Potembska E.

Roczniki Nauk o Rodzinie (Annals of Family Studies)

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2011

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tom 10

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nr 3(58)

217-228

EN

The aim of the present investigations was to answer the questions of (a) whether and in the sphere of what family factors there are differences between secondary school girls using and not using Internet pornography and (b) whether and what kind of relations obtain between the dimensions of Internet addiction and family factors in a group of girls using Internet pornography. Material: The participants were 186 secondary school girls aged 16-19 years. Methods: The study was conducted using Young's Internet Addiction Test (IAT) for assessing the severity of Internet addiction, and the following instruments by Pawlowska and Potembska: the Internet Addiction Assessment Questionnaire, the Disturbed Family Relations Questionnaire, and a Personal Inquiry Form. The Internet Addiction Assessment Questionnaire consisted of five scales, I. Acceptance, II. Games-Need for Aggression and Power, III. Computer Addiction, IV. Internet Addiction, and V. Pornography. The Disturbed Family Relations Questionnaire was made up of scales for I. Violence, II. Overprotectiveness, III. Coalition with the Mother, IV. Lack of Acceptance-Rejection, and V. Indifference. Results and conclusions: On the basis of the obtained results, the following conclusions were formulated: 1. The girls who used Internet pornography, more often than the girls who did not use it, had experienced violence and rejection in the family, and had taken over the role of guardians in their relationships with their mothers. 2. Increased symptoms of addiction to the Internet, aggressive computer games, and Internet pornography, as well as the search for acceptance and understanding from people contacted online co-occured with violence, rejection, and indifference experienced in the family, assumption by the child of the role of guardian and protector of the mother, and fear of adulthood.

4

HIERARCHIZATION IN THE FAMILY COMMUNITY - THE HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE IDEA (Hierarchicznosc we wspolnocie rodzinnej - historyczny rozwoj mysli)

80%

Wyzlic M.

Roczniki Nauk o Rodzinie (Annals of Family Studies)

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2011

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tom 10

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nr 3(58)

165-184

EN

The contemporary multitude of options in the way of leading marital life, the new patterns of marital relations that appear, may incline one to ask the question about what is the current line-up in a Christian marriage. Over the centuries the answer to this question was given in various ways. What distinguishes the Catholic concept of marriage is the conviction that the marital relation should be interpreted through the mystery of the bond between Christ and the Church.

5

JOHANN HEINRICH CARL – THE REVOLUTIONARY: THE HISTORY AND COLLECTIVE MEMORY OF A GERMAN-AMERICAN FAMILY, 1852-2004

80%

Lehmkuhl U.

|

2014

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tom 40

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nr 1 (151)

31-56

EN

In 2004 the North America Letter Collection (Nordamerika-Briefsammlung) received an extraordinary letter series consisting of 202 letters written by 19 different authors, all members of a large transatlantic family network (Bohn family). They wrote to each other beginning in the mid-19th century after four out of five children had immigrated to the United States. Letters were written to family members in Germany and between family members in the United States settling in different places. Drawing on this unique collection as well as on two volume family history written by the American amateur historian in 1982 and interviews with family members conducted in 2004 and 2006, the paper reconstructs the memory of transatlantic family, spanning the life experience of seven generations. The analysis sheds light on how history and memory are intertwined. It also demonstrates that Bohm family’s history and identity is the outcome of the interplay of the social construction of individual memories and its continuous reproduction in the form of stories told and histories written as a means of creating family cohesiveness in a very diverse and spatially scattered and thus separated social environment.

6

Montesquieu, sa femme et ses filles

80%

Matyaszewski P.

Romanica Wratislaviensia

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2011

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tom 58

71-81

EN

In this biographical article, the author presents the history of Montesquieu’s family relations with his wife and two daughters. While Montesquieu, it seems, did not have any deep feelings and affection for his wife, Jeanne de Lartigue, and, in particular, there was no intellectual bond between them, his wife played a role of an ancestral property administrator during his frequent and sometimes long absences from the home region. In carrying out this task Jeanne de Lartigue displayed considerable talent and administrative skills. Another type of a relationship, however, existed between Montesquieu and his daughters, Marie and Denise, especially between him and the latter, the youngest daughter. At some point he entrusted her with the role of his own secretary and she diligently assisted her father in editing The spirit of the laws. Montesquieu included his daughter into the intellectual sphere of his life, from which he deliberately excluded his wife. Unfortunately, this does not change the fact that in his family plans this daughter, too, was subject to the inexorable patriarchal laws and the feudal family traditions.

7

THE INVISIBLE BASES OF TRUST HOUSEHOLD PRODUCTION, WORK AND EXCHANGE IN SLOVAKIAN VILLAGE

80%

Torsello D.

Slovenský národopis (Slovak Ethnology)

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2005

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tom 53

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nr 1

5-19

EN

The paper has considered patterns of household production and distribution in today's village economy and put them in relation to the consumption sphere, labour and interaction between villagers with regard to family land. The kind of choices that people follow are dictated by considerations that go beyond the mere search for profit or a standard of well-being. It is in the ongoing tension between the social and economic dimension of these choices that the meaning of 'household economy' must be sought. Anthropological accounts of peasant economies and their attempts to categorise household practices that otherwise cannot be accounted for by classic economic parameters provide important insights into the family as a basic unit of production, consumption and reproduction. In the case of postsocialist societies these approaches fit very well due to the widespread diffusion of secondary economic activities originating in the late socialist period. In the village, secondary economic practices based on farming household plots and gardens can be traced back to the 1960s.During socialism the importance of managing these plots lay not simply in the villagers' desire to complement their household incomes, but it constituted a matter of social status in the village. However, after socialism this picture has changed slightly. Household farming has remained a crucial economic activity for villagers, but with an increased accent on its economic necessity. Food produced in gardens and through raising animals is consumed within the family and provides important reserves through the whole year. Furthermore, there are families who do sell part of their products grown in small family plots and in gardens. This clearly goes beyond the spirit of a 'subsistence economy' as defined by classic anthropological accounts of household economies almost everywhere in the world. As in cases where gardening and farming on household plots provide important supplements to the family's economy, the management of land, resources and work are conveyed into social strategies even in households where the need for additional sources of domestic provision is not desperately felt. These strategies are aimed at strengthening social ties and trust within the family group. These ties are dictated by precise considerations of the tasks and roles of family members which operate to construct rules of behaviour, obligations and expectations. At this point trust becomes the factor underpinning people's relatedness and the reliability of family members. The social use of land and the sharing of work are two of the several adaptation strategies that people have adopted in order to cope with the changing and unstable reality of Central Eastern Europe.

8

PREHĽADOVÁ ŠTÚDIA: ZMENY V TEÓRIÁCH PRELÍNANIA PRACOVNÉHO A RODINNÉHO PROSTREDIA

80%

Ištoňová L.

Človek a spoločnosť. Internetový časopis pre pôvodné teoretické a výskumné štúdie z oblasti spoločenských vied

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2016

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tom 19

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nr 3

-

EN

Work and family have traditionally been considered as two main domains of people’s lives. Research interest from different scientific fields, but mostly from the fields of psychology and sociology led to an extensive examination of work and family interactions. Taking into consideration the current state of theory, the aim of the present study was to provide a chronological overview focused on the changes of the perception of work/family interface in different theories. Moreover, we attempted to emphasize similarities and differences between these theories. In this study we focused on the most significant theories from both, non-interactional and interactional approach. Non-interactional approach to work/family interface was dominant approximately from the early 1920s until late 1960s and its main assumption was that work and family domain are strictly separated. In the present study, the non-interactional approach is represented by segmentation theory and structural functionalism. The main assumption of the interactional approach to work/family interface is that work domain and family domain are closely intertwined. The interactional approach was further divided into two perspectives: negative and positive. The negative perspective of the interactional approach is represented by role conflict theory, compensation theory, supplemental compensation theory, reactive compensation theory, negative spill over theory, crossover theory, spill over-crossover theory, and finally, work-family conflict theory. The positive perspective of the interactional approach is represented by the following: role accumulation theory, enrichment theory, positive spill over theory, enhancement theory, and facilitation theory. In the closing part of the present study we discussed possibilities for future development. We proposed three potential alternatives, which are: creation, integration, and classification.

9

Continuity Versus Innovation: Young Polish Migrants and Practices of ‘Doing Family’ in the Context of Achieving Independence in the UK

80%

Heath S. , McGhee D. , Trevena P.

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2015

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tom 41

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nr 3 (157)

139–156

EN

This paper explores continuity and innovation in the everyday relational practices of a group of post-accession Polish migrants who first arrived in the UK when in their late teens and twenties. In the context of claims that migration has allowed younger migrants to pursue lives free from familial ties and responsibilities, the paper focuses on their living arrangements in the UK and the extent to which they actively eschew or embrace familial relationships, practices and commitments. Our data suggest that moving to the UK had undoubtedly facilitated new freedoms and opportunities, yet these were utilised by many to bring forward, rather than delay, a sequence of broadly conventional domestic transitions, accompanied for many by ongoing dependency and interconnectedness with networks of extended family members who had also migrated to the UK. Our paper draws on the concepts of frontiering and relativising (Bryceson and Vuorela 2002) and argues that our participants were engaged in sets of practices linked to both. Further, these practices not only entailed a continual revision of migrants’ sense of family identity, affected by life stage, but were also underpinned for many by the centrality of traditional conceptualisations of family.

10

Rodina a rodičovství v křesťanství a islámu

80%

Nesporova O.

Gender, rovné příležitosti, výzkum (Gender, Equal Opportunities, Research)

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2005

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tom 6

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nr 1

3-7

EN

In contemporary societies religion has still a great influence on the culture and the way of organizing social life. Consequently family, its structure, norms, functions and roles are determined by the religion and its values. The paper presents the role of marriage in the Christian and Islamic societies. Whereas for Christians the celibate plays a key role as it is seen as the most desirable way of life, Islam religion does not recommend the state of womanlessness. However, the status of women in both Christian and Muslim families is shaped by patriarchal attitudes rooted in the social values. The authoress discusses pre-marital institution, e. g. an institution of 'mahr' - a gift of money or valuables given by the bride's family to that of the groom to permit their marriage which serves aftewards as a private savings of the wife in the case of divorce. Furthermore, she compares ways of upbringing of children and attitudes to divorce in both religions. Finally, she considers both religions similar in their concept of family due to their common judaic origin. (http://www.genderonline.cz/view.php?cisloclanku=2005120101)

11

SUBSTRUCTURES OF A NATION ACCORDING TO CARDINAL STEFAN WYSZYNSKI (Substruktury narodu wedlug Kardynala Stefana Wyszynskiego)

80%

Ziabski G.

Archeus. Studia z bioetyki i antropologii filozoficznej

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2009

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tom 10

123-136

EN

The article presents the view of Primate Stefan Wyszynski on the nation as a complex whole. The following substructures are discussed in outline: the human being, the man as a social being, a distinguished individual, and the family. Next, based on the homilies and public appearances of Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski, there are presented rights and obligations regarding the human being, as well as tasks the society and the state face to secure the family from the moral and legal point of view. The publications of the J. Lewandowski were used in the article.

12

Miejsce I rola rodziny w wychowaniu

80%

Siewiora J.

Studia Socialia Cracoviensia

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2010

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nr 1(2)

155-162

EN

Family is a foundation of social and ecclesial life. So that’s why it is necessary to undertake activities for reinforcement of this basic community. This article shows that supporting of modern family begins from the parent’s education regarding their duties result from conception and giving birth, and then through pointing them out these areas of bringing up they should realize with regard to their children.

13

SYMBOLIC FUNCTIONS AND SOCIAL MEANINGS OF HOUSEHOLD WORK

80%

Klocokova J.

Sociológia (Sociology)

|

2004

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tom 36

|

nr 5

455-472

EN

Household work has been often seen as a mere technique for fulfilling basic needs of households. This paper questions that reductionism in analysis of domestic activities. By presenting the works of Lévi-Strauss and Douglas the paper focuses on some symbolic properties of the household tasks. It shows how these activities express relations between nature and culture, give information about social categories and their boundaries as well as about exclusion and inclusion of individuals within and outside families. It is proposed that from the point of view of everyday life various social meanings of housework might be revealed. Domestic tasks are thus described as culturally relative activities whose social definition differs among families and phases of family course. In the conclusion it is suggested that such research approach could also contribute to the study of gender aspects of domestic labour.

14

FAMILY SUPPORT AND PSYCHOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES AFTER TRAUMATIC STRESS (Wsparcie rodzinne a psychologiczne nastepstwa traumatycznego stresu)

80%

Rozmyslowska J.

Psychologia-Etologia-Genetyka

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2009

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tom 20

31-49

EN

Trauma and posttraumatic adaptation are topics which have been frequently discussed in a literature recently. One of the most important factors that influences posttraumatic adaptation is social support. However this notion and its mechanism of protection against posttraumatic consequences still poses a lot of questions. The aim of this study is to show the role of support received from a family in adaptation after trauma and its influence on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The present study indicates that the adequacy of support is a good means of protection against psychological consequences after trauma. According to this research, not social support but its adequacy to current needs helps in better coping with trauma. Whereas support received from a family influences posttraumatic cognitions. People who receive, not only perceive, support from relatives after trauma have more rational cognitions about the world and themselves, in comparison to people who have less received support.

15

THE SIGNIFICANCE OF RELIGION IN THE LIFE OF A FAMILY WITH A HANDICAPPED PERSON (Znaczenie religii w zyciu rodziny z osoba niepelnosprawna)

80%

Janocha W.

Roczniki Nauk o Rodzinie (Annals of Family Studies)

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2011

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tom 10

|

nr 3(58)

139-153

EN

Faith in God plays an extraordinarily significant role in the life of handicapped persons and of their guardians. Most respondents treat faith as a support and a source of strength for resolving problems posed by everyday life. The more difficult the living situation caused by the level of the disability, the deeper the trust in God and giving oneself up to Him is. Every third subject of the study indicated that without faith he/she cannot imagine his/her life, and nearly every fifth respondent is convinced that owing to faith the miracle of healing and return to a complete ability may happen. The Holy Mass is a profound religious experience for most of the respondents, giving them consolidation in their difficult living situation. Only few treat the Holy Mass as a habit, a custom, or a thing that is necessary because of the pressure from the people around them. Also the fact that persons with a considerable disability declare experiencing the Holy Mass more profoundly than those whose physical status is decidedly better is an important observation.

16

The Distribution of Power in Families with a Young Adult and in Families with an Adolescent

80%

Jelonkiewicz I.

Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny

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2005

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tom 50

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nr 1(195)

125-159

EN

The aim of this study was to compare the structural characteristics of the family system (family power structure) in families with young adults and in families with adolescents. The study covered both the perceived and the desired power structure in the family, and its concurrence among family members (their own perceptions of power vs. the amount of power ascribed to other family members). Two groups of families were examined using self-report questionnaires: in 1997 - 124 families living in Warsaw with at least one child in a specified age range (19-25) and in 1999 - 207 families with at least one child aged 14-18. All family members were asked to fill out questionnaires at the same time during a session held at their home. The findings of the study indicate a clear power structure in the family. All family members (in both groups) perceived the family power structure in a similar way. The least amount of power was ascribed to the child, somewhat more power to the father, and the most to the mother. In the desired hierarchy of power, more power was ascribed to parents but at the same time all the family members would expect the child to have more power. In families with young adults all the family members were in agreement in their rating of power distribution in the family. In families with adolescents, a discrepancy between fathers and children was found.

17

Greckokatolicka rodzina chłopska w ziemi chełmskiej w końcu XVIII w.

80%

Miesiąc-Stępińska A. , Rzemieniecki K.

Roczniki Dziejów Społecznych i Gospodarczych

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2009

|

tom 69

91-110

EN

The intention of this article is to analyse the structure of the population and family farmsteads at the end of the eighteenth century in three Uniate (Greek Catholic) parishes situated in the north-eastern part of the land of Chelm. The results were compared with findings relating to Roman Catholic parishes in the western parts of the Kingdom of Poland, primarily in Greater Poland. The study was based on parish population polls conducted by the local rectors in 1791–1792 upon the request of the Civilian-Military Order Commissions. The Greek Catholic parishes revealed a population structure different than the one in their Roman Catholic counterparts; the same holds true for peasant farmsteads with a similar number of persons per single farm, i.e. 6–7. There is a distinctive connection between the considerable participation of relatives within the structure of the Uniate peasant household and the small number of servants and tenant farmers, almost absent in the examined parishes. In the studied community tenant farmers constituted 2,7% of the population, servants – 2%, and relatives – 33,6%, while in parishes situated in the west tenant farmers totalled 7,3–16,4%, servants – 12,5–24,4%, and relatives – 4,5-14,1% of the whole population. The large participation of relatives in the employment structure of the farmsteads in the eastern parishes unquestionably reduced the need for a hired labour force, while the care for and protection of old relatives, incapable of working, decreased the percentage of tenant farmers in the whole population. The presence of numerous relatives in peasant farmsteads denoted also a small number of nuclear families, which in the examined parishes totalled 41,3% of the whole population, while in the western parishes was never lower than 62%.

18

Bezdomność rodzin – socjologiczny szkic problemu

80%

Szluz B.

Roczniki Nauk Społecznych

|

2011

|

tom 3(39)

139-157

EN

The problem of homelessness is not new, however it was only after 1989 that research regarding this issue started in Poland. Only very sparse publications connected with this subject matter appeared in preceding years. That situation was caused predominantly by the tendency to conceal the existence of certain social issues. The research related to this significant phenomenon conducted in the period of less than 20 years turned out to be extremely difficult, time and work consuming and very costly. A preliminary survey of the subject related literature showed that a research connected with family homelessness is undertaken very rarely. This phenomenon is a dangerous experience for an individual, but also the issue of family homelessness is becoming an alarming problem. Family's life is disturbed, which often leads to its disintegration. When a family faces homelessness, children are often placed in welfare institutions. Homelessness has negative impact on children's growth and education. Moreover it ruins physical and mental well being of the family members. In relation with the occurring problems, the herein article attempts an analysis of the issue of family homelessness. The analysis focused on the socio-demographic image of homeless families, causes of the problem, place of stay, ways for providing for the family, and forms of assistance for homeless families.

19

THE PRINCIPLE OF SOCIAL JUSTICE IN THE PROTECTION OF THE RIGHTS OF DYING PEOPLE IN THE OPINION OF FAMILY MEMBERS OF HOSPICE'S PATIENTS (Polish title below)

80%

Kalinowski M.

Roczniki Nauk o Rodzinie (Annals of Family Studies)

|

2009

|

tom 56

155-168

EN

(Polish title: Zasada sprawiedliwosci spolecznej w ochronie praw osob umierajacych w opinii czlonkow rodzin podopiecznych hospicjum). Human rights stemming directly from man's dignity are not dependent on the will of the ones wielding power, and do not result from social-economic relations. The task of the political authorities is to define, affirm and protect them so that a man could enjoy them in his relations with other people, with social groups and with public institutions. Hence a significant function of the principle of social justice is securing the rights of an individual on the public-legal plane so as to ensure his privileges resulting from man's natural dignity. The protective function of social justice has a great importance in the case of terminally ill people. Their emaciation is the cause of the state that they constitute a category of the weakest persons who cannot defend their status on their own. This is why it often happens that ill people experience infringement of their dignity and rights as result of the minders neglecting their duties, or as result of being treated like an object, or even of being robbed of their possessions. In the article attention first of all is paid to the legal formulations concerning the protection of the dying people, and then statements made by members of the family of hospice patients are quoted. A decided majority of respondents were also in favor of putting into practice the protective function of social justice in the palliative care. The duty to respect the patient's dignity was recognized as the basic legal prerogative aiming at securing the status of hospice patients. The respondents also included the right to receive health benefits, the right to have additional nursing care and the right to obtain information about the ill person's state of health into the group of important rights. In the sphere of protecting the rights of the dying patients the subjects voiced a lesser support for the possibility of receiving social security benefits and the right of secrecy connected with the obtained care.

20

VPLYV SOCIÁLNEJ INTERAKCIE NA DETSKÚ KONCEPCIU PRÍBUZENSTVA

80%

Móciková K.

Slovenský národopis (Slovak Ethnology)

|

2011

|

tom 59

|

nr 3

301 – 318

EN

This study aims to examine more closely the child´s conception of kinship and thus to clarify, particularly for the adult reader, how children perceive the family and kinship, how they construct their idea of the abstract kinship network, whom they include among their nearest kin, and why. The work should also to some extent fill blank spaces in the series of research projects on the family whose scale of respondents is aimed purely at child informants, because in acquiring the necessary data I cooperated with and made use of the knowledge of 10 children in pre-school age (5-7). Results confirm that children have all the assumed knowledge about kinship and the ability to employ kinship terms correctly in practice, and they make use of this ability. In conclusion, I can only hope that my work will stimulate others also to do research with children.