Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Przegląd orzecznictwa Europejskiego Trybunału Sprawiedliwości z zakresu europejskiego prawa procesowego cywilnego (2011-2012)

100%

Grzegorczyk P. , Rylski P. , Weitz K.

Kwartalnik Prawa Prywatnego

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2013

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tom 22

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nr 3

657-772

EN

In the introduction to the subject matter there is a draft of the status of binding provisions in the scope of European civil process law. Next it is subject to analysis the judicature concerning regulation 44/2001 (Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000 on jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters). Particularly European Court of Justice judgments are discussed as to exemplify: - a scope of application of regulation mentioned above, - general questions concerning jurisdiction, - particular jurisdictions (matters concerning contracts, torts, forum conexitatis), - jurisdiction for consumer matters, - jurisdiction over individual contracts of employment, - exclusive jurisdictions, - recognition and enforcement. The study takes into consideration selected questions regarding to the following European Union legal acts: - regulation 2001/2003 (Council Regulation (EC) No 2201/2003 of 27 November 2003 concerning jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in matrimonial matters and the matters of parental responsibility, repealing Regulation (EC) No 1347/2000, - regulation 805/2004 (Regulation (EC) No 805/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 April 2004 creating a European Enforcement Order for uncontested claims), - regulation 1896/2006 (Regulation (EC) No 1896/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 December 2006 creating a European order for payment procedure), - regulation 1346/2000 (Council regulation (EC) No 1346/2000 of 29 May 2000 on insolvency proceedings), - regulation 1393/2007 (Regulation (EC) No 1393/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 November 2007 on the service in the Member States of judicial and extrajudicial documents in civil or commercial matters (service of documents), and repealing Council Regulation (EC) No 1348/2000), - regulation 1206/2001 (Council Regulation (EC) No 1206/2001 of 28 May 2001 on cooperation between the courts of the Member States in the taking of evidence in civil or commercial matters).

2

Alcohol in the European Court of Justice case law

100%

Tauber M.

Studia Prawnicze

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2011

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nr 2 (188)

89-133

EN

Alcohol has been present in Europe for thousands of years now. Today the production and consumption of alcohol has a great impact on the economies of the member states of the European Union, it is socially, culturally and economically related to the everyday life of Europeans, and 25% of its global production comes from the EU countries. For some EU countries production of certain types of alcohol is a very important part of their national or local identity. For example, wine is produced in 150 regions of the European Union and Germany alone produces 7,5% of world’s beer production. Alcohol has always played a very important role in the evolution of the theory of free movement of goods in the ‘everyday’ life of the Court of Justice of the European Union. The Dassonville case inspired the Court of Justice in Luxembourg to define the theory of measure having equivalent effect to a quantitative restriction. Cassis de Dijon case has not only helped to improve the Dassonville formula but also initiated, on the basis of mutual recognition principle, the new attitude towards harmonization in the European Union. In the area of taxes, the alcohol-based case law also played a significant role. The famous case of comparison between beer and wine in the United Kingdom not only forced the Court to interpret article 110 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), but also showed to the member states that they need to be very cautious in constructing their tax systems. This study proves that the alcohol-based case law improved and accelerated the process of constructing the EU’s internal market.

3

„Przepisy techniczne” w systemie prawa polskiego

75%

Sobczak J.

Themis Polska Nova

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2014

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nr 1(6)

71-91

EN

The term “technical regulations” was developed in Directive 98/34/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, and it comes down to the obligation to provide information concerning products and rules of the information society. The reason behind said solutions was to lead to unification on the Union internal market. Failure to fulfil the obligation of notification triggers serious consequences in legal transactions. From the point of view of the European Court of Justice, national judge, who is primarily a Union judge, may not use non-notified norms. In this respect there appeared discrepancies in judicial decisions of the Supreme Court, where some adjudicating panels held that in cases in which non-notified technical regulations were used it was necessary to ask the Constitutional Tribunal whether these norms were in force. However, the European Court of Justice clearly indicated that the scopes of cognition of the European Court of Justice and national constitutional tribunals do not coincide. The Court pointed out that failure to use a non-notified technical norm is not.

4

Insolvency Forum Shopping – What Can Be Learned from the ECJ and US Supreme Court Case Law on International Company Law and Insolvency Procedures?

75%

MyszkeNowakowska M.

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2017

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tom 37

203-222

EN

The recast of the European Insolvency Regulation, which has been applicable from 26 June 2017, implements a philosophy of Euro universalism, according to which insolvency proceedings opened in a Member State where the debtor has its centre of main interests (COMI) should have a universal scope and encompass all the debtor’s assets situated throughout the EU. The wording of the Recast Regulation is intended to comply with the ECJ case law concerning COMI, such as Interedil, Eurofood, Bank Handlowy or Mediasucre judgments. Nevertheless, it is now questioned whether the Recast Regulation strengthens or rather weakens the COMI/registered office rebuttable presumption and opens the gate for insolvency forum shopping. As far as international company law is concerned, the issue of transfer of seat as well as forum shopping has been widely discussed. So far the ECJ has issued a series of judgments in which it has explained the European freedom of establishment and the crossborder activities of companies in the internal market. Similarly, the US Supreme Court has issued several significant decisions, such as CTP Corp. v. Dynamics Corp. of America, Edgar v. MITE Corp., and International Shoe Co. v. State of Washington, in which the limits of acceptable forum shopping are better delineated. Based on the aforementioned, it may be concluded that European harmonization measures facilitating crossborder mobility should additionally assist in achieving predictability and efficiency, as well as the economic viability and security of the operations under consideration. This contribution analyses and expounds on the lessons that can be learned from both the ECJ case law as well as US Supreme Court’s decisions on international company law, including an examination of their effect on insolvency forum shopping. There is no doubt that, if successful, harmonized legislation on these matters would be a great asset for the internal market.

5

Charakter prawny umowy na czas określony

63%

Kijewski K. , Roicka P.

Zabezpieczenie Społeczne. Teoria, Prawo, Praktyka

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2014

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tom III

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nr 3

106-110

EN

European Court of Justice in its judgment of 13 March 2014 (Case C- 38/13) concluded that polish regulation of the Labour Code concerning different notice period for the termination of a definite and indefinite employment contract regardless of the length of employment relationship, constitutes different treatment in respect of employment conditions. As a result, polish provisions, such as that at issue in the main proceedings, not comply with the relevant EU regulations. The article shows the impact of judgment on a legal character of a fixed-term employment contract in Poland.

PL

Artykuł przedstawia charakter prawny umowy o pracę na czas określony w kontekście wyroku Europejskiego Trybunału Sprawiedliwości z 13 marca 2014 w sprawie M. Nierodzik przeciwko Samodzielnemu Publicznemu Psychiatrycznemu Zakładowi Opieki Zdrowotnej im. dr. Stanisława Deresza w Choroszczy. Zgodnie z treścią wyroku przepisy polskiego kodeksu pracy dotyczące okresów wypowiadania umów na czas określony są sprzeczne z zakazem traktowania pracowników zatrudnionych na czas określony w sposób mniej korzystny niż pracowników zatrudnionych na czas nieokreślony, jeżeli sytuacja tych pracowników jest porównywalna. Przedmiotowe orzeczenie powoduje konieczność zmiany zapisów kodeksu pracy dotyczących wypowiedzenia tej formy zatrudnienia, co zostało przedstawione w artykule.

6

Powierzenie kompetencji na rzecz Unii Europejskiej a Traktat o Europejskim Mechanizmie Stabilności i Traktat o unii fi skalnej. Uwagi w świetle orzecznictwa Federalnego Trybunału Konstytucyjnego i wyroku Trybunału Sprawiedliwości UE w sprawie C-370/12

63%

Barcz J. , Kranz J.

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nr 4(117)

23-48

EN

The article contains an analysis of the jurisprudence of German Federal Constitutional Court and the European Court of Justice judgment in the Pringle case (C-370/12). First of all, they examined consistency with EU law of the Treaty establishing the European Stability Mechanism and the Treaty on Stability, Coordination and Governance in Economic and Monetary Union (Fiscal Compact), both adopted beyond the institutional legal framework of the European Union. The analysis of this jurisprudence unequivocally reveals that the said treaties do not violate EU law, nor do they involve a conferral of new competences on the European Union by its member states. Secondly, this analysis shows that the case-law (particularly, the judgment of the European Court of Justice) legitimizes, to an extent, the so-call Schengen method, setting — at the same time — the legal framework for future inter-governmental measures to be taken for consolidation of the Eurozone. From the above-mentioned case-law it follows that the procedure used in Poland for approval of the decision of the European Council (2011/199/EU) and for ratifi cation of the Fiscal Compact was reasonable. That procedure may be applied in the future for ratifi cation of the Treaty establishing the European Stability Mechanism.

7

Zagadnienia opieki długoterminowej w orzecznictwie ETS

63%

Uścińska G.

Zabezpieczenie Społeczne. Teoria, Prawo, Praktyka

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2013

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tom II

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nr 2

71-74

EN

ECJ judgments played a very important role in the development of long-term care in the sense of the personal scope of the examination, organizational and fifi nancial. As a result, there has been a clarification of the legal nature of long-term care benefits. Finally, the basic definitional issues concerning the risk of dependence and the scope of the legal protection of the consequences of its occurrence. They also contributed to extend the legal protection of persons exercising their right of movement within the European Union. You also need to appreciate the impact of the case law on the development of legislation LTC in the national law of the Member States of the EU.

PL

Tekst przedstawia zagadnienia opieki długoterminowej w orzecznictwie Europejskiego Trybunału Sprawiedliwości, przyjęte w związku ze stosowaniem dotychczasowych regulacji unijnych o koordynacji systemów zabezpieczenia społecznego. Orzeczenia te zachowują aktualność w ocenie stosowania nowych przepisów z tego zakresu oraz rozwiązywania licznych problemów prawnych ich dotyczących.

8

"Kwartet Laval" i stosunki przemysłowe w Unii Europejskiej

63%

Adamczyk S.

Polityka Społeczna

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2012

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tom 39

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nr 2(455)

10-14

EN

The rulings of European Court of Justice in the Laval, Viking, Rüffert and Luxemburg cases have caused stormy discussion concerning the balance between fundamental human rights and economic freedoms within the EU. European trade unions are of the opinion that autonomy of collective bargaining and right to industrial actions have been undermined. Additionally ECJ approach to the applying of posting workers directive is criticized as a the race to the bottom on the field of social standards. Therefore the trade unions demand that the legal rules safeguarding the proper position of fundamental rights be introduced in EU law. One of the solutions is to improve European dimension of industrial relations.

PL

Orzeczenia Europejskiego Trybunału Sprawiedliwości w sprawach Laval, Viking, Rüffert, Luksemburg wywołały dyskusję na temat równowagi między prawami podstawowymi a swobodami ekonomicznymi wewnątrz UE. Europejskie związki zawodowe uważają, że podważona została ich autonomia rokowań zbiorowych oraz zagrożone prawo do strajku. Dodatkowo podejście ETS do stosowania dyrektywy o pracownikach delegowanych jest krytykowane jako wspieranie dążenia do obniżania standardów socjalnych. Dlatego związki zawodowe żądają wprowadzenia w prawie UE prawnych regulacji mających zabezpieczyć właściwą rangę praw podstawowych. Jednym z rozwiązań jest wzmocnienie europejskiego wymiaru stosunków przemysłowych.

9

Granice wolności wypowiedzi. Argumentacja Rzecznika Praw Obywatelskich w kasacjach wniesionych w sprawach wykroczeń w świetle poglądów Europejskiego Trybunału Praw Człowieka

51%

Wentkowska A. , Tkacz S.

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tom 2(XXII)

43-63

EN

Freedom of expression is one of the fundamental foundations of a democratic society and one of the basic conditions for its development and the self-fulfillment of individuals. It is not only a constitutional principle, but is also protected by the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. According to the case law of the European Court of Human Rights, protection under Art. 10 of the Convention extends to all kinds of statements expressing opinions, ideas or information, regardless of their content and manner of communication, in particular of a political nature and relating to matters of public concern. These are the requirements of pluralism, tolerance and openness without which a democratic society does not exist. Many publications have been devoted to the freedom of expression, yet the discourse on this subject is still relevant and is still the subject of practical disputes and the interest of researchers. Recently, in the era of identified intensified political and social disputes in Poland - the problems of freedom of expression, especially in public spaces (public places, which also includes the Internet space) have become the subject of a multifaceted public debate.

PL

Wolność wypowiedzi stanowi jeden z podstawowych fundamentów demokratycznego społeczeństwa i jeden z podstawowych warunków jego rozwoju oraz samorealizacji osób. Jest nie tylko zasadą konstytucyjną, lecz również obejmuje ją ochroną Europejska Konwencja Praw Człowieka i Podstawowych Wolności, Powszechna Deklaracja Praw Człowieka oraz Międzynarodowy Pakt Praw Obywatelskich i Politycznych. Zgodnie z orzecznictwem Europejskiego Trybunału Praw Człowieka ochrona, wynikająca z art. 10 Konwencji, rozciąga się na wszystkie rodzaje wypowiedzi wyrażających opinie, idee albo informacje, niezależnie od ich treści oraz sposobu komunikowania się, w szczególności o charakterze politycznym oraz dotyczące spraw publicznej troski. Takie są wymagania pluralizmu, tolerancji i otwartości, bez których demokratyczne społeczeństwo nie istnieje. Wolności wypowiedzi poświęcono wiele publikacji, pomimo to dyskurs w tym przedmiocie nie traci na znaczeniu i wciąż stanowi przedmiot sporów praktycznych i zainteresowania badaczy. W ostatnim okresie, w dobie nasilonych sporów politycznych i społecznych w Polsce problemy wolności wypowiedzi, zwłaszcza w przestrzeni publicznej (miejscach publicznych, do których zalicza się także przestrzeń internetową), stanowią przedmiot wieloaspektowej debaty publicznej.