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EN
During the last 10 years 70 cases of echinococcosis were diagnosed in the Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical University School of Białystok, of whom 63 were Echinococcus (E.) granulosus infections. The Urban population (70%) and women (60%,) dominated among intected persons. Seven cases were due to E. multilocularis infection. A family and endemie focus of E. multilocularis human invasion has been identified.
EN
The alimentary canals of 9 species of domesticated or wild animals were examined for the presence of E. multilocularis. The tapeworm was found in 9 red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) out of 155 examined (5.8%) and in 2 raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) of 25 examined (8.0%). Our studies proved that in Poland the raccoon dog can also be infected with E. multilocularis.
EN
The weight of the larval cyst mass (LCM), splenomegaly and the amount of splenic amyloid deposition, was shown to be dependant on a putative alveolar hydatid cyst (AHC) soluble component. The increase in LCM, spleen weight, and splenic amyloid was inversely proportional to the number of cyst washings during the preparation of the inoculum. A minimum of 8 washings were found necessary to induce significant reduction in parasite growth and amyloid deposition. With twenty four washings progressive phase of infection was aborted; while the restrictive phase was extended to 8 weeks. This finding was further confirmed by surgical transplantation of cysts obtained from infected mice at 12 weeks post infection to normal mice. The amount of splenic amyloid deposits, LCM and spleen weight after one week post-transplant was statistically not different from those in mice infected with AHC following 24 washings at 12 weeks post infection. The restrictive phase was eliminated following transplantation. AHC-extract (AHC-EXT) prepared from AHC before or after 24 washings was shown to retain its antigenicity and react with infected mice sera in the gel diffusion test. The reaction intensity and the number of bands seen were less after washing.
EN
The studies were carried out in 15 provinces of North-West part of Poland in the years 1994-1997 under a regime of strict laboratory safety regulation. The intestine of 1909 red foxes were examined for the presence of Echinococcus multilocularis according to the method of ECKERT et al (1991). The intestines were divided finto four to six sections and fifteen smears were prepared from each animal under study. Foxes infected with E. multilocularis were detected in 8 provinces. The average prevalence rate in these provinces was 1.20 per cent. Of special interest fis the finding in Słupsk and Gdańsk regions, where 9.6 per cent of foxes were infected-with E. multilocularis. In comparison with some other European endemic regions the prevalence rates of E. multilocularis in Poland was low, except for the Słupsk-Gdańsk area.
EN
Urbanization of the environment contributes to the degradation of many natural habitats of many plants and animals, which causes reduction of biodiversity. There are however certain species, adapting easily to both suburban and urban conditions. Red fox (Vulpes vulpes) is a good example, since it is increasingly noted not only in the natural habitats, such as fields or forests, but also in the direct vicinity of human residencies like farms, suburban areas or even large agglomerations. Fox is becoming a permanent feature of urban fauna, enriching the biodiversity. It is also a relevant epidemiological threat, constituting a zoonotic reservoir for many parasites which are important from veterinary, as well as from medical point of view, including tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis which causes alveolar echinococcosis.
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