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5 Studia theologica

5 2012

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SYSTEMATICKO-TEOLOGICKÉ PŘÍSTUPY K PROBLEMATICE ĎÁBLA A JEHO MIMOŘÁDNÉHO PŮSOBENÍ

100%

Pospíšil C. V.

nr 4

205–239

This study is the first systematic theological work on this topic in Czech theological literature over the last two centuries. In the first part, the author points to the connections between demonology and other thematic fields of systematic theology. The proper hermeneutical key to Christian demonology is to be found in Soteriology and Christology. Furthermore, Christian demonology has important connections with the image of God, the Creator and the Saviour, with anthropology and spirituality. In the second part, the author deals with the sources of biblical demonology and with the problem of the personal nature of devil, which must be understood in an analogical sense. The neglecting of this rule causes numerous misunderstandings. In the third point, the author compares the propositions of the Magisterium of the Catholic Church with contemporary popular literature on the devil and exorcisms. The greatest difference consists in the category of so-called ‘maleficium’, which the Magisterium makes little mention of and even warning against superstition in this regard. In the next part, the author proposes inspirations for distinguishing between cases of actual obsession and mental pathological states. In the last point, the author presents the results of his work.

EXORCISMUS V ISLÁMU

100%

Kropáček L.

nr 4

147–156

The first part of the paper discusses the terminology and the basic approaches of Islam to the problem of the activity of spirits – jinns. The belief in jinns has been adopted from pre-islamic, ancient Arab traditions. The reader is subsequently informed about the methods of exorcism, including its geographical differences. Finally, a case study is presented concerning a so-called zar, i.e. a certain type of exorcism of hysterical women.

OTÁZKA „NEČISTÝCH DUCHŮ“ V TEOLOGII CČSH A ZDROJE JEJÍ INSPIRACE

88%

Vogel J.

nr 4

240–250

This paper deals with the development of the theme of unclean spirits in the theology of the Czechoslovak Hussite Church. The generation of the founders of the church, influenced by radical Modernism, rejected the existence of unclean spirits, and the question of the origin of evil in the world was solved with a reference to privatio boni. The following theological generation pointed out that the theme of evil powers is directly connected with the message of redemption in Jesus Christ, based on the model, “Nullus diabolus, nullus redemptor.” Despite the fact that the theology of the CSHC re-opened the question of unclean spirits, it has never officially treated the subsequent question concerning possession and exorcism, although this phenomenon can also be marginally found in the Church.

EXORCISMY V BIBLI. DĚJINNÝ A TEOLOGICKÝ PŘEHLED

88%

Brož J.

nr 4

175–184

The aim of the paper is to offer a recapitulative survey of the theme of exorcism in the Bible. The reader will be acquainted with the main methodological approaches and difficulties in contemporary research on the issues of demons, evil spirits and exorcism from the point of view of terminology and theological interpretation. The first part deals with various categories of demons in the Hebrew Bible, with a transformation of the theological approach to them within the history of Israel, and with several cases of exorcist activity in the Old Testament and in the literature of Hellenistic Judaism. The primary focus of the article, however, is on the exorcist activity of Jesus of Nazareth which is interpreted as one of the mighty signs of the eschatological era. They are witnessed by the logia of Jesus and by the ancient Christian tradition on the exorcism miracles by Jesus in the Synoptic Gospels. In addition, the absence of this tradition in the Fourth Gospel has to be clarified which is not an easy task. In all probability, the author of the Gospel transformed the ancient tradition into his own Christological prospective. In John’s vision, the essential exorcism of Jesus is the victory of love manifested on the Cross. In the last paragraph of the paper, a brief overview of the exorcist activity of the early Church in the Acts of the Apostles is presented. The conclusion provides several suggestions of a hermeneutical character.

ZLÍ DUCHOVÉ, POSEDLOST A EXORCISMY Z HLEDISKA FUNDAMENTÁLNÍ TEOLOGIE

75%

Krumpolc E.

nr 4

194–203

The paper deals with the existence of Satan, evil spirits, their influence on people, particularly possession, and exorcisms from the point of view of fundamental theology. In the first part, the author demonstrates that these phenomena are confirmed by the revelation of God and the practice of the church since the apostolic period. In the second part, he describes the criteria which are useful for a diagnosis of actual possession of a person by an evil spirit from psychical or parapsychological disturbances. In the third part, he points out that the existence of evil spirits, their influence on people and exorcisms are fully compatible with scientific rationality.