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CROSSOVER OF FLOW FROM MUSIC TEACHERS TO STUDENTS: THE ROLE OF TEACHERS' WORK ORIENTATIONS

100%

Rijavec M. , Ljubin Golub T. , Ivanković M.

2024

tom 66

nr 3

181 - 192

The present study examined the role of work orientations in music teachers’ experiences of flow in teaching, and the crossover of flow from teachers to their students. The sample comprised 135 music teachers and 484 students from 7 different music schools in Croatia. Based on the theory of work orientation, flow theory, and emotional contagion theory, it was hypothesized that seeing one’s job just as the source of material benefits leads to less frequent flow in teaching, while orientation to work as a calling leads to more frequent flow in teaching, which in turn crosses over to students. Questionnaires for measuring work orientations and flow in teachers and students were applied. Data were analysed using structural equation modelling and the model demonstrated an excellent fit. Practical implications of these results point to the importance of cultivating the calling orientation of teachers in order to facilitate their experience of flow in teaching and consequently the crossover of flow to students.

Sponteous facial mimicry, liking and emotional contagion

100%

McIntosh D.

Polish Psychological Bulletin

2006

tom 37

nr 1

31-42

Facial mimicry is a basic facet of social interaction, theorized to influence emotional contagion, rapport, and perception and interpretation of others' emotional facial expressions. Using EMG, two studies examined spontaneous mimicry of emotional facial expressions of live models over time, and whether the relationship between the model and observer moderated mimicry. Study 1 manipulated observers' liking of a confederate model; Study 2 compared friends with strangers. Observers mimicked brow and cheek movement. Observers who liked the models mimicked cheek movements more than those who did not like them. Study 2 demonstrated mimicry of natural, spontaneous expressions and found that observers' affect changed in association with the models'. People mimic live, dynamic facial expressions, likely more idiosyncratic and weaker than prototypes often used as stimuli, supporting the naturalistic importance of mimicry. Liking increases mimicry of smiles, indicating that mimicry is partially a consequence, not just a cause, of positive social relationships.