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EN
In his paper the author concentrates on the most important events which had an essential impact on the current state of the Polish economy. The events are referred to as 'disasters' or deep and violent changes in the economic system (its institutions and mechanisms), in real terms and in positions of its participants and their views on economy. The above-mentioned events had their internal and external sources and their consequences might be assessed both in positive and negative ways. The examples of the 'disasters' are the following: Poland's entry to the Latin zone of economic activity ( baptism of Poland), partitions, the great crisis 1929-1933, the formation of People's Republic of Poland (PRL), the formation of the 3rd Republic and restoration of capitalism in Poland.
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Content available remote Structural Changes of the Vietnam Labour Market
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EN
The author presented the process of structural reform on the labour market in Vietnam. Those reforms are characteristic for other post-socialist countries. However, the implementation of reforms in the system of hybrid economy meets substantial obstacles. Furthermore, the difference of economic system, cultural and historical conditions causes growing interest of scientists and research workers in results achieved in Vietnam. The author presents review of the essential reforms on the labour market on the turn of the 20th century. The particular theses are illustrated by comprehensive statistical data.
EN
The article deals with the industrial metabolism as a basis for enterprise development and management of macroeconomic systems. The author analyzes the problem of forced transformation of the metabolic system, requiring significant changes in its structure and functions performed. Considerable attention is paid to the transformation quasi-drug metabolism, as an opportunity to realize firms’ metabolism with a much lower cost of their free energy, than it does normally.
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Sustainable development should be analysed considering numerous aspects, including environmental, social and economic system. This study aimed at assessment of the economic order at regional level. The study encompassed Warminsko-Mazurskie voivodship. The indicators of sustainable development concerning the characteristics of economic system were computed on the base of the statistical data for the years 2003-2007. The data was collected from the Regional Databank (BDR) and processed applying the indicator-based comparative evaluation method. Six areas were identified: 1) environmental impact, 2) employment, 3) investment outlays, 4) entrepreneurship, 5) agriculture and 6) accessibility of products, services and infrastructure. The studies indicate that the majority of indicators scored below the average as compared to the other voivodships and in the covered areas only the agriculture was characterized by scores higher than the average for the other voivodships in the country. The general score for the sustainable economic development was lower than the average for the remaining voivodships of Poland: from 72,18% to 78,88%. The dynamics of changes over the years covered, however, indicates the increase in the total score of economic sustainability.
EN
Different views on the role of fiscal and monetary policy are discussed in terms of history of economic thought. Fundamental features of fiscal and monetary policy are identified and analyzed with respect to recent financial and economic crisis. Lessons from variety of fiscal and monetary stimulus used by different countries to overcome recent crisis are summarized.
EN
This article presents the principle of the mechanism controlling the flexible as an innovative method of managing corporate structures. The principles of this method as a tool for the effective management of corporate structures, allowing for variety and flexibility of management processes to achieve their goals. Features of controlling in management of corporate structures in the conditions of the unstable economic environment are considered. The concept of the mechanism of controlling in management of corporate structures which allows to provide a necessary variety of management processes for achievement of a dynamic complex of the purposes is presented. Features of functioning of corporate structures in an unstable market environment are considered. On the example of controlling a flexible mechanism as a way of adapting to the realities of the current instability in the economy of Ukraine, represented by its ability to quickly and subtly direct the management of the corporate structure to make the right decisions and coordination of all sub-systems of the enterprise.
EN
The paper investigates the concept of sustainable development from the neoclassical and ecological economics point of view. Different definitions of sustainability are considered and deep analysis is done in that area. Exactly what is it that is supposed to be sustained in “sustainable” development? Two broad answers have been given. First, utility should be sustained, say the neoclassical economists; that is, the utility of future generations is to be non-declining. The future should be at least as well off as the present in terms of its utility or happiness as experienced by itself. Second, physical throughput should be sustained say ecological economists. More exactly, the capacity of the ecosystem to sustain those flows is not to be run down. The future will be at least as well off as the present in terms of its access to biophysical resources and services supplied by the ecosystem. Author adopts the throughput definition and rejects the utility definition, for two reasons. First, utility is non-measurable. Second, and more importantly, even if utility were measurable it is still not something that we can bequeath to the future. Utility is an experience, not a thing. We cannot bequeath utility or happiness to future generations. We can leave them things, and to a lesser degree knowledge. Reducing poverty is indeed the basic goal of development, but it cannot be attained by growth for two reasons. First, because growth in GDP has begun to increase environmental and social costs faster than it increases production benefits. Such uneconomic growth makes us poorer, not richer.
EN
The methodological approaches near determination of system transformations are defined. The features of system, evolutional, institutional approaches near the analysis of system transformations are certain. The necessity of taking into account of national specific of the socio-economic systems at institutional structures certain types forming is reasonable.
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It is formulated in the paper the inability of neoclassical mainstream to answer the economic challenges of the contemporary stage of social development. The authors propose a new methodological approach to the analysis of economic systems on the basis of which it is possible to develop an adequate mechanism for the economy regulation. The necessity of indicative planning in the former Soviet Union and the use of this instrument on intergovernmental level is defined.
EN
This article presents the principles of adaptation mechanisms for the national economy as whole and individual economic actors to changing economic conditions and circumstances that influence the choice of these mechanisms of adaptation. Principles of effective use of technology in the enterprise management by minimizing substantial losses for the establishment and support of information and corporate information systems to achieve their goals. The features of nonlinear processes and phenomena in complex economic systems, interacting with an unstable environment characterized by uncertainty and cut down the horizon predictability. Presents the concept of system approach used in the formation and structuring of corporate governance systems, fundamental limitations in describing the behavior of modern economic processes characterized by interdependence and nonlinearity strongly related event and therefore the complexity of the control mechanisms in dynamically unstable environment knowingly provide stability and linearity behavior systems. The features of the functioning of corporate structures in an unstable market environment. Strategic adaptive planning as a method of forming the passive component of the strategy change is to varying objectives and internal features of the economic system to make good decisions and approval of all subsystems company.
EN
In article the dynamism role in stability of economic system is investigated, the mechanism of economic systems dynamism influence on their sustainable development is described. Possible ways of giving to dynamism economy are considered.
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In the article author analyses the problem of national innovation system development in Ukraine. He shows key success factors for innovation development under knowledge economy building conditions. One of these factors is the interaction between innovation process agents to transform new knowledge into innovation.
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In this article analysed the major theories of postindustrial economic development. Shows key success factors for innovation development under knowledge economy building conditions. One of these factors is the increasing importance of the capacity to produce and exploit knowledge for economic development.
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The necessity of development of interdisciplinary connections of economic theory with other social and natural sciences for the exposure of features and specific of evolution of the economic systems is reasonable. The features of the sinergistical going near the analysis of system transformations are certain. The signs of development and efficiency of the world economic system under act of system transformations of different levels are educed.
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