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Dominicans and Franciscans in Warka. The religious and social context of monastic foundations

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Marszalska J. M.

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nr 1

PL

Zakony mendykanckie, dominikanie i franciszkanie odegrali znaczącą rolę religijną, gospodarczą i kulturową na przestrzeni minionych wieków w Warce na Mazowszu. Fundacja klasztoru dominikanów historycznie związana była z osobą księcia Siemowita I. Klasztor dominikanów w Warce, fundowany w połowie XIII stulecia, obok klasztorów pw. św. Dominika w Płocku i św. Mikołaja w Sochaczewie należących do kontraty mazowieckiej, zaliczany jest do najstarszych fundacji tego zakonu na ziemiach polskich. W połowie XVII w. do Warki zostali sprowadzeni franciszkanie. Fundatorką klasztoru była Katarzyna z Boglewic Trzebińska. Swoją obecnością franciszkanie przyczynili się do ożywienia religijnego miasta.

EN

The mendican Orders, Dominicans and Franciscans, played a significant religious, economic, and cultural role over the past centuries at Warka in Mazovia. The foundation of the Dominican monastery was historically linked to the person of Duke Siemowit I. The Warka Dominican monastery, founded in the middle of the 13th century, next to the monasteries of St Dominic in Płock and of St Nicholas at Sochaczew belonging to the Mazovian contrat, is considered one of the oldest foundations of this order in Poland. In the mid-17th century, the Franciscans were brought to Warka. The foundress of the monastery was Katarzyna of Boglewice Trzebińska. With their presence, the Franciscans contributed to the religious revival of the town.

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Klasztor Dominikanów przy kościele śś. Piotra i Pawła w Chełmnie. Stan zachowania na początku XIX wieku i zagospodarowanie terenu po jego rozbiórce

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Samól P.

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tom 7

77-98

EN

Although Dominicans arrived in Chełmno in the 1230s, the beginnings of their monastery remain unclear. The orders’ temple was being built from the late 13th century to the turn of the 14th century, and rebuilt three hundred years later. Its history of construction is written in detail due to architectural investigations (2010–2015). That research did not contain the friary because it was demolished soon after its burning in 1830. Lack of archaeological surveys and tentative plans of the city from the 18th and 19th century made most scholars overlook the spatial complexity of the monastery, even in the most recent publications. This paper aims to fulfil the lack of knowledge about the final spatial form of the Dominican Monastery (from the beginning of the 19th century) and to analyze the plans and investments of Protestants who took the former friary’s land after its dissolution. The author conducted interdisciplinary research joining the results of the archival query and the architectural investigation of the northern church wall. This consideration allows him to reconstruct the final form of the monastery and describe the actions conducted after its demolition. At the beginning of the 19th century, brothers lived in the new baroque western wing. There existed a rectangular cloister and the appendix with a kitchen. Before the western façade of the church, there was located the chapel of St. Hyacinth and Baroque narthex, which covered the lower parts of the Gothic church. The medieval sacristy had to be out of use before the demolition of the whole complex in the 1830s. On the example of the Dominican complex in Chełmno, it might be observed the different politics concerning the medieval architecture in Prussia in the 19th century from neglecting its value to acceptation and attempts of protection. This paper is to build a basis for further research (particularly archaeological surveys) on the area of the former monastery.

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Próba uruchomienia studium generalnego dominikanów we Wrocławiu na początku XV wieku

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Turek J.

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tom 84

EN

Autor stara się wykazać, że w 1407 r. dominikanie we Wrocławiu podjęli próbę uruchomienia przy swoim konwencie studium generale. Miało zostać przeniesione z Krakowa, gdzie jego funkcjonowanie napotkało problemy kadrowe. Pomysł przeniesienia studium popierał zrazu prowincjał zakonu, a zwieńczeniem zabiegów miała być kapituła generalna we Wrocławiu. Wobec oporu braci z Krakowa plan nie został jednak zrealizowany. The author argues that in 1407 the Dominicans of Wrocław made an attempt at forming the studium generale in their monastery. It was to be moved from Cracow, where its functioning was endangered by lack of faculty members. The idea was initially supported by the provincial of the order and the decision was to be made at the meeting of the general chapter in Wrocław. However, as the brethren of Cracow opposed the project, the plan was not realised.

4

Mater Polonia. Z badań nad oficjum brewiarzowym ku czci św. Stanisława ze Szczepanowa Dies adest celebris autorstwa Wincentego dominikanina

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Gałuszka T.

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tom 85

EN

The paper is concerned with the history of creating the breviary officium in hon-our of St. Stanislaus of Szczepanów Dies adest celebris, authored by Vincent the Dominican (mid-13th c.). The source analysis focuses on some parts of the officium, including the hymn Gaude mater Polonia. The author argues that the officium together with the hymn was writ-ten in the milieu of Polish Dominicans and should be interpreted in the context of thirteenth century philosophical and theological debates.

PL

Artykuł dotyczy dziejów powstania oficjum brewiarzowego ku czci św. Sta-nisława ze Szczepanowa Dies adest celebris autorstwa dominikanina Wincentego (połowa XIII w.). Analizie źródłoznawczej zostały poddane niektóre części oficjum, w tym również hymn Gaude mater Polonia. Autor dowodzi, że oficjum wraz z hymnem powstało w środowi-sku polskich dominikanów i należy je interpretować w kontekście trzynastowiecznych debat filozoficzno-teologicznych.

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Donos na dominikanina. Studium historyczne i edycja tekstu listu denuncjacyjnego Stanisława ze Skarbimierza i akt sprawy brata Mikołaja z Brześcia z około 1421 roku

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Gałuszka T.

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tom 83

PL

Artykuł dotyczy procesu denuncjacyjnego przeciwko byłemu prowincjałowi dominikanów krakowskich Mikołajowi z Brzezia z około 1421 r. Jego kazania oburzyły krakowskich duchownych, których prokuratorem stał się Stanisław ze Skarbimierza. Sprawa stanowi odbicie napięć związanych z poczuciem zagrożenia przez husytyzm. The paper deals with the denunciatory proceedings against the former provincial of the Cracovian Dominicans, Mikołaj of Brzezie, in circa 1421. His sermons outraged the clergy of Cracow, whose procurator became Stanisław of Skarbimierz. The matter reflects the tensions connected with the feeling of the threat of Hussitism.

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Sources for the history of mendicant economy in Royal Prussia from the 15th till the beginning of the 16th century

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Kubicki R.

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tom 3

55-65

EN

The article presents the results of a preliminary research on the sources for the history of the mendicant economy as exemplified by monasteries from the state of the Order of Teutonic Knights in Prussia, with special emphasis on the territories which after 1466 were incorporated to Poland as the so-called Royal Prussia, and which were composed mainly of the lands of Pomeralia (Gdańsk Pomerania), taken control of by the Order after 1308. The lands of the Order in Prussia, and later the Royal and Teutonic Prussia, hosted convents of four mendicant orders: the Dominicans, the Franciscans and the Franciscan Observants, the Austin Hermits, and the Carmelites. The documentation concerning the monasteries in question has been preserved to a various degree. These sources are currently dispersed in several state (Gdańsk, Toruń) and Church (diocesan archives in Peplin and Olsztyn) archives, as well as the former archive of the Teutonic Order, which is currently kept at Dahlem (Berlin). Most of them have been taken over from the archives of abandoned monasteries in the 16th century (the Gdańsk and Toruń archives) and during the 19th century monastery dissolutions (the Peplin archive). The remaining part of the documentation are records produced and kept at municipal archives in towns where mendicant orders were present. All these sources offer an insight into the income structure of mendicant orders from these territories. What makes research difficult, however, is the lack of bookkeping records. Proper estimation of sources can be achieved only when they are studied in a complex way, including both the monastery sources and the municipal records. Only by making use of the entire content which the latter offer might we obtain a reliable picture of the economic situation and the social role played by mendicants in urban centres.

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Archiwalia poklasztorne, urzędowe, kasacyjne i pokasacyjne w zasobie Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie (klasztory powstałe i/lub skasowane przed 1850 r.)

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Mizerka J.

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tom 6

163-236

EN

The article examines an inventory of monastic records kept in the Archdiocesan Archives in Gniezno. It covers archive documents from the Monastic Records section as well as archival units spread across various fonds in the archives. The Monastic Records section was established in the 1970s following a separation of monastic records from the Archives of the Metropolitan Chapter fonds. The section also encompasses archive documents from the Monastery of the Norbertine Sisters in Strzelno, which were transferred from Strzelno to Gniezno on Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński’s orders in 1961. The remaining part of the inventory is made up primarily of records from the period of dissolutions in the 18th and 19th centuries kept in the Archives of the Metropolitan Chapter fonds as well as records of the various parishes. The whole collection of archive documents is very rich and varied in terms of its contents, and concerns religious orders established in the Archdiocese of Gniezno before the 1850s.