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EN
The article offers an update on the most important company information and directory databases that have been monitored and surveyed by the Hungarian Association of Content Industry since 1996. Two previous studies in the 'Scientific and Technical Information - the Hungarian journal of library and information science' dealt with this topic before, one in in vol. 44, No. 3, 1997, and the other one in vol. 47, No. 8, 2000. Readers can note the changes that have happened over this period. A few databases ceased, new products were launched and those who have survived since the beginning have been subject to significant development. The report on the survey contains comparative tables of the most important data collected in the databases. The study provides practical guidance in the field of company information and directory databases and services
2
Content available remote HETEROTOPIAS AND TRANSFORMATIONS IN ART AND SCIENCE
75%
EN
Michel Foucault characterized heterotopias as specific spaces which disrupt and overturn our existing systems, the hitherto valid order of things and also our ways of thinking. They are significantly important particularly from the point of view of culture, since they affect cultural dynamic transformations. The author in her contribution points out that we presently discover such specific spaces mainly by means of modern technologies. Regarding digital media, the database – a collection of digital data – has a heterotopic character; it neutralizes the present forms of orders and preferences. Images, sounds and words are loosened from their indexicality and are converted into numerical code, which enables the modification and combination of the obtained data. The database thus represents a new type of space which subverts the standard organization of signs. Modern technologies also unveil other unconventional spaces of our micro and macro worlds. The newest medical technologies such as ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging penetrate through the surface of the human body into the depths of biological structures in order to obtain their image, and they indeed make the molecular system of the human organism visible. This molecular system can be characterized by high complexity, multifunctionality and highly variable interactions, and the medical technologies in a certain way contribute to the fact that our forms of knowledge are constantly enhanced, extended and sometimes even refuted. This current expansion of heterotopia corresponds with Foucault’s opinion that every epoch creates its own spaces which strive to gain their legitimacy. It is interesting that in both cases of the above-mentioned examples of heterotopia the data transformation can be seen as a significant form of their element arrangement, and thus the borders not only between semiotic systems but also between scientific and artistic discourses are gradually wiped out.
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2010
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tom 93
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nr 4
369-379
EN
The article analyzes the fundamental problems of the image search on Internet and compares possibilities of copyright protection of the search results (Thumbnails), primarily database and computer program. Next part of the article is focused on the search in terms of the infringement of right to protection of personality, of moral right and of exploitation right. The last part compares European concept of legal licenses to the American concept of Fair use.
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