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Content available remote The in situ influence of Ceratophyllum demersum on a phytoplankton assemblage
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EN
The aim of this work was to present a quantitative and qualitative analysis of a phytoplankton assemblage under the influence of Ceratophyllum demersum L. during a two-year field study. Literature data obtained under laboratory conditions indicate that C. demersum may cause a decrease in the blue-green algae biomass, which is considered to be evidence of the significance of allelopathy. The observations reported in the current paper indicated that there was no clear effect on cyanoprokaryota whereas decreases in the quantity of Cryptophyta, Dinophyta, Chlorophyta, and Chrysophyceae are noted.
EN
Phycological analyses were conducted in the shallow, eutrophic Lake Rosnowskie Duże (western Poland). Water samples were collected in 2002 and 2003 during the growing season from the submerged vegetation zone (Ceratophyllum demersum L.) and comparatively from the emergent vegetation zone (Typha angustifolia L.) and the pelagic zone. Phytoplankton was dominated by Chlorophyta, Bacillariophyceae, and Cyanoprokaryota. In comparison with other zones, the highest values of abundance and biomass of Chlorophyta were recorded in the submerged vegetation zone. Additionally, Ceratophyllum demersum was found to inhibit diatom development, which is probably connected with the secretion of allelopathic substances by this plant. The aim of the current study was to analyze the influence of Ceratophyllum demersum L. on the structure of phytoplankton in a shallow, eutrophic lake.
EN
Ceratophyllum demersum L. is a medical plant of the family Ceratophyllaceae that has been traditionally used for the treatment of diseases such as ulcer, diarrhoea, wounds and fever since ancient times. This study presents antioxidant activities of water and methanol extracts of in vitro propagated C. demersum. Shoot tip explants of C. demersum for in vitro plant regeneration were cultured on liquid Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 0.25–1.25 mg/L 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.10 mg/L Thidiazuron (TDZ) combinations for eight weeks. Maximum number of plantlets per explant (110.67) was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 0.75 mg/L BAP + 0.10 mg/L TDZ. In order to determine antioxidant activities of C. demersum, antioxidant contents (β-carotene, flavonoid, lycopene and total phenols), metal chelating and reducing power capacities of methanol and water extracts obtained from C. demersum were investigated. It was detected that water extract was more effective in all activities. Total phenols (76.55 μg/mg) in water extract were measured as the highest antioxidant component. Based on the water extracts data, as IC50 value for chelating on ferrous ions was 9.24 mg/mL, EC50 value for reducing power activity was 8.23 mg/mL. It was also determined that the metal chelating and reducing power activities of the both extracts are increased depending on the concentration. Therefore, all these data suggest that both tested extracts of in vitro propagated C. demersum would exert beneficial effects by virtue of their antioxidant properties and may be utilized as a promising source of therapeutics.
EN
Potamogeton lucens L., and Ceratophyllum demersum L. were collected monthly in two ecosystems in Al-Hammar marsh with clear and turbid water. The dominant species of epiphytic algae at both stations and plants were Achnanthes minutissima Kütz., Cocconeis placentula var. euglypta (Ehr.) Cl., and Fragilaria spp. The cell number showed seasonal variation both on plants and at stations, but in general there were no distinct differences in algal species and population density between the two macrophytes in each area. Marsh with turbid water offered better conditions for algal growth thanks to nutrient enrichment.
PL
Na bagnach z przejrzystą i mętną wodą zbierano w odstępach miesięcznych Potamogeton lucens L. i Ceratophyllum demersum L. Dominującymi gatunkami glonów epifitycznych na obu stanowiskach i obu gatunkach makrofitów były Achnanthes minutissima Kütz., Cocconeis placentula var. euglypta (Ehr.) Cl. i Fragilaria spp. Liczba komórek glonów wykazywała sezonowe wahania na obu makrofitach i obu stanowiskach, ale generalnie pomiędzy makrofitami na danym stanowisku nie stwierdzono znaczących różnic w składzie i w zagęszczeniach zespołów glonów. Na bagnach z mętną wodą panowały lepsze warunki dla wzrostu glonów dzięki bogactwu nutrientów.
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The research involved Słup Dam Reservoir, which is used as a source of drinking water and for flood prevention. The research material was made up of aquatic plants and water collected in the littoral zone of the reservoir, in which copper, nickel, cadmium, lead and zinc contents were determined. Ceratophyllum demersum L. turned out to be the best accumulator of nickel, cadmium and zinc, Potamogeton crispus L. – copper, and Phragmites communis Trin – zinc. The presence of plants in the backwater area of the dam reservoir definitely improves water quality, not only thanks to their metal accumulation properties but because of their ability to act as a filter of substances carried in the water.
PL
Badania prowadzono na terenie Zbiornika Zaporowego Słup, który jest rezerwuarem wody pitnej oraz stanowi rezerwę przeciwpowodziową. Materiałem badawczym były rośliny wodne oraz woda pobierane w strefie litoralu zbiornika, w których określono zawartość miedzi, niklu, kadmu, ołowiu i cynku. Ceratophyllum demersum L. najsilniej spośród badanych roślin kumulował nikiel, kadm i cynk, Potamogeton crispus L. – miedź, a Phragmites communis Trin – ołów. Obecność roślin w rejonie tzw. cofki zbiornika zaporowego z pewnością wpływa na poprawę jakości wody nie tylko wskutek kumulacji metali, ale także działania filtracyjnego w stosunku do zawiesin wnoszonych z wodą dopływu.
EN
In situ decomposition of the hornwort (Ceratophyllum demersum L.), the buckbean (Menyanthes trifoliata L.) and leaf blades of the yellow water lily (Nuphar lutea L.) was studied with the litter bag method in three small mid-forest lakes of different pH and nutrient content. Time course of decomposition and of nutrient release from decomposing plant material was best fitted with a logarithm approximation and not by usually used exponential fit. pH of lake waters strongly affected decomposition rates of C. demersum and M. trifoliata. No effect of nutrient concentrations in lake water or in plant tissues on decomposition was noted for any of the analysed plants. Organic carbon deficit is speculated as a possible reason for the observed pH effect on decomposition rates. Modification of particulate and soluble N:P ratios are underlined as a consequence of different N and P release from decomposing plant material.
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