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The brazilian Caatinga biome where the Pankararu indigenous live

100%

Dario F. R.

The Institute of Biopaleogeography named under Charles R. Darwin

2021

tom 10

1-69

This paper is a photographic summary of studies carried out in July-August 2012 in Pankararu indigenous territories, located in the Pernambuco State, Brazil, in the Caatinga biome. A scientific expedition was carried out to analyze the environmental impacts of a project in the region and more specifically the possible interferences in the life of the indigenous inhabitants of the region and live in harmony with the environment. The photos show some structures of indigenous villages, important geological formations in the Pankararu territory, the Caatinga where studies were carried out and some of the bird species registered.

Water relations and chlorophyll fluorescence responses of two leguminous trees from the Caatinga to different watering regimes

63%

Souza B. D. , Meiado M. V. , Rodriguez B. M. , Santos M. G.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

2010

tom 32

nr 2

Leguminous species, Piptadenia moniliformes (Benth.) and Trischidium molle (Benth.) H. E. Ireland, both prevalent in the Caatinga vegetation, were submitted to varying watering regimes under greenhouse conditions. In experiment I, 60-day-old P. moniliformes plants were maintained under suspended irrigation for 12 days. Assessment on day 12 of drought revealed that leaf relative water content decreased to 40% and stomatal conductance and transpiration were also strongly diminished. Apparent electron transport rate (ETR) and photochemical quenching (qP) values were reduced by water deficit treatment compared to controls, while non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) increased; however, the basal values were recovered in moisturized plants when analyzed after 48 h of rewatering. In experiment II, T. molle plants were watered once (1 ×), 3 (3 ×) or 5 times (5 ×) per week, up to day 65 after emergence. Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid contents were reduced in the 3 × and 5 × watering treatments. Photosystem II maximum efficiency (Fv'/Fm'), ETR and qP values strongly decreased when drainage frequency and NPQ values were increased. Observation verified that chlorophyll fluorescence is a suitable tool for evaluating the developmental characteristics of the arboreal leguminous species studied. Analysis of the data obtained suggest that plant tolerance to the dry climate conditions of the Caatinga ecosystem is directly associated with fast physiological adaptation to water deficit, by accumulating biomass in the root system in detriment to the shoots. The data presented contribute to further understanding the developmental and physiological mechanisms that enable plant adaptation to dry climates and, particularly, to the unique dry environmental conditions of the Caatinga region.