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5 Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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Neural commitment of cord blood stem cells (HUCB-NSC/NP): Therapeutic perspectives

100%

Domanska-Janik K. , Habich A. , Sarnowska A. , Janowski M.

nr 4

279-291

Human umbilical cord blood (HUCB) is considered a promising source of neural progenitors capable of being used for cellular therapies in neurological disorders. Here we review briefly our work on the elucidation of mechanisms and development of practical standards as regards the selection, maintenance and use of cord blood derivatives for such purposes. Our results join those of other recent studies in suggesting strongly that, the generation of neural-like cells from tissue belonging to a different germ layer (such as a cord blood is) is most probably explained by reference to a discrete subpopulation of embryonic-like stem cells of pluripotent characteristics. Such cells identified in cord blood through their expression of specific genetic and protein markers can be expanded in vitro and directed toward neurally-committed progenitors differentiating further into more mature neuron-like or macroglia-like cell phenotypes. From this HUCB-derived neural progenitor fraction a novel neural-like stem cell line (HUCB-NSC) has been developed, and characterized in respect of in vitro and in vivo (post-transplantation) properties.

Embryonic-like stem cells from umbilical cord blood and potential for neural modeling

100%

McGuckin C. , Forraz N. , Baradez M.-O. , Basford C. , Dickinson A. M. , Navran S. , Hartgerink J. D.

nr 4

321-329

Stem cells offer the distinct prospect of changing the face of human medicine. However, although they have potential to form different tissues, are still in the early stages of development as therapeutic interventions. The three most used stem cell sources are umbilical cord blood, bone marrow and human embryos. Whilst, cord blood is now used to treat over 70 disorders, at the time of writing this manuscript, not a single disease has been overcome or ameliorated using human embryonic stem cells. Advancing stem cell medicine requires ethically sound and scientifically robust models to develop tomorrow's medicines. Media attention, however, distracts from this reality; it is important to remember that stem cells are a new visitor to the medical world and require more research. Here we describe the utility of human cord blood to develop neural models that are necessary to take stem cells to the next level ? into human therapies.

Patterned growth and differentiation of human cord blood- derived neural stem cells on bio-functionalized surfaces

100%

Buzanska L. , Ruiz A. , Zychowicz M. , Rauscher H. , Ceriotti L. , Rossi F. , Colpo P. , Domanska-Janik K. , Coecke S.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

2009

tom 69

nr 1

24-36

Bio-functionalized surfaces were prepared to study the adherence and differentiation capacity of neural stem cells derived from human umbilical cord blood (HUCB-NSC). Cell growth platforms containing arranged arrays of adhesive molecules were created by microcontact printing on a biologically inert surface. Biomolecules used to prepare microarray platforms included the extracellular matrix protein fibronectin and the polyaminoacid poly-L-lysine. HUCB-NSC plated on microplatforms at various serum conditions showed serum and molecule type dependent capacity for adhesion and differentiation. Poly-L-lysine allowed the maintenance of stem-like non differentiated cells attached to the surface, whereas fibronectin promoted spreading and neural commitment. Serum deprivation did not influence the attachment of HUCB-NSC to fibronectin, but significantly enhanced the attachment to poly-L-lysine and promoted dBcAMP induced neuronal differentiation. A bio-pattern of squares with interconnecting lines was used to guide neuronal differentiation by directing cell protrusion outgrowth. Tailoring the geometry of the bio-pattern enabled directing and monitoring of the neural stem cells. development in the large scale multiparameter biotests.

Defined serum-free culturing conditions for neural tissue engineering of human cord blood stem cells

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Ali H. , Jurga M. , Kurgonaite K. , Forraz N. , McGuckin C.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

2009

tom 69

nr 1

12-23

Taking tissue engineering applications into clinical trials requires the development of efficient and safe protocols incorporated with effective 3-dimentional cell culturing and differentiation systems in order to develop transplantable tissues that may offer a life-line for patients in the future. Cord blood, which is perhaps the most abundant world stem cell source, has shown previously practical and ethical advantages over other stem cells sources in many research and clinical applications including regenerative medicine. We previously developed a three-step protocol for isolation, expansion and sequential neuronal differentiation of cord blood pluripotent stem cells (characterized with our unique triple immunocytochemisty scheme for Oct-4, Sox-2 and Nanog) in defined serum-free culturing conditions. In this study we incorporated this protocol with 3-dimentional culturing systems which produced artificial neuronal tissues expressing Nestin, NF-200, TUJ1, PSD-95 and NeuN. We showed that cord blood pluripotent stem cells are a potential and promising candidate for future neural tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

Human cord blood cells can differentiate into retinal nerve cells

75%

Koike-Kiriyama N. , Adachi Y. , Minamino K. , Iwasaki M. , Nakano K. , Koike Y. , Yamada H. , Mukaide H. , Shigematsu A. , Mizokami T. , Matsumura M. , Ikehara S.

2007

tom 67

nr 4

359-365

Retinal degeneration and dystrophy are the major causes of blindness in the developed world. It has been reported that human cord blood cells (HCBCs) can differentiate into neuron-like cells in vitro. We have recently demonstrated that bone marrow cells (BMCs) of both mice and rats can differentiate into retinal nerve cells (RNCs). In the present study, we show the differentiation capacity of HCBCs into RNCs in vivo. We transplanted lineage-negative HCBCs into the subretinal space of severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice. Two weeks after the transplantation, some of the transplanted cells expressed human nestin, human MAP2, human neuron specific enolase (NSE), beta-III tubulin and also rhodopsin. These results indicate that HCBCs can differentiate into RNCs and suggest that our new strategy could be used for the regeneration of retinal nerve cells in degenerative or dystrophic diseases.