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2 Právny obzor. Teoretický časopis pre otázky štátu a práva (Juridical Review. Theoretical journal for the questions of state and law)

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NA POMEDZÍ KOGENTNOSTI A DISPOZITÍVNOSTI KORPORAČNÉHO PRÁVA

100%

Šuleková Ž.

Právny obzor. Teoretický časopis pre otázky štátu a práva (Juridical Review. Theoretical journal for the questions of state and law)

2014

tom 97

nr 4

383 – 396

Formation of a company is usually characterized by excessive formalism and lengthy process, mainly due to inevitable proper control of tailor-made articles of association by public authorities. Lately, several European states have been inspired by the British model of standardized articles of association which may provide for certain benefits. The benefits combine primarily the effect of simplifying and accelerating the process of company formation and the reduction of initial transaction costs. The main aim of this contribution is to analyze various tools of standardized company formation, identify and evaluate advantages and disadvantages of particular national model articles of association and examine the scope of contractual autonomy left to company founders initially (in the setting-up process) or ex post (after the registration of a company). Moreover, model articles of association are analyzed as optional or obligatory tools, and also as a result of autonomous system of mandatory and default rules, which do not need to correspond with the nature of legal regulation (e.g. possibility to transform default rule into mandatory rule within model articles of association). Furthermore, the author introduces possible solutions for the Slovak legal order.

AUTONOMY OF WILL AND CONTRACTUAL FREEDOM IN PROFESSIONAL SPORTS

88%

Gábriš T.

Právny obzor. Teoretický časopis pre otázky štátu a práva (Juridical Review. Theoretical journal for the questions of state and law)

2021

tom 104

nr spec. issue

3 - 21

The paper explains routes through which legal limitations of contractual freedom were introduced into sports law, taking their premise from the employment law regulations applicable in Slovakia. The main aim was to legally compensate the actual (mostly economic) inequality of contracting parties, similarly as it is accepted in labour law and in the consumer protection law. However, an amendment to the Act on Sports, introduced in 2020, changed this trajectory by allowing the sports entities a broader contractual freedom as to their choice between an employment contract and contract for services. On the other hand, however, the amendment thereby introduced a limitation of contractual freedom in the case of opting for the contract for services (concluded between entrepreneurs) – newly, these contracts generally concluded under the Commercial Code have to observe minimum standards reserved previously only for the sporting employment contracts.