Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

VOJTĚCH ŠANDA JAKO BIBLISTA

100%

Petráček T.

Studia theologica

|

2011

|

tom 13

|

nr 4

25–41

EN

The study deals with the life work of the Czech Catholic priest Vojtěch (Adalbert) Šanda (1853–1953). He lectured Exegesis and dogmatic theology at the seminary for priests in Litoměřice and later Dogmatic Theology exclusively at the Theological Faculty in Prague. Over the years 1902–1914, he was one of the most renowned Czech Catholic bible Scholars with his works written in German enjoying recognition throughout Europe. He later switched exclusively to dogmatic theology, but in the twenties he once again spoke out strongly on exegesis in the strictly conservative work Moses and the Pentateuch. The study follows the turnaround in the exegetical focus of his work within the context of his career and the fate of the Catholic exegesis of the first half of the 20th century.

2

Slovanské písemnictví a liturgie 10. a 11. věku

100%

Kalhous D.

Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)

|

2010

|

tom 108

|

nr 1

1-33

EN

Based on an analysis of arguments submitted for the benefit of ascertaining the place and date of the origins of Old Church Slavonic literature together with using the findings that there was awareness of Great Moravian texts in the 10th century Czech environment, the author documents the continuity of Old Church Slavonic literature in 10th century Bohemia and Moravia. He also points out the weakness of evidence negating the possibility of the continuity of liturgy in Old Church Slavonic, as well as the paucity of literary evidence to prove the above. In addition he proposes that rather than separating literary documents and liturgy, the evidence of the practical use of this liturgy should be differentiated from any attempts to use it for 'political' purposes.

3

Bělohorské události. Příčiny a důsledky v dílech pobělohorských exulantů

100%

Weis M.

Studia theologica

|

2004

|

tom 6

|

nr 3

55-61

EN

This study documents, by means of works written by contemporary chroniclers - exiles fleeing the country after the Battle of the White Mountain - the causes and consequences of the Czech Estates Uprising. The most important source to provide us with information on this range of problems is the 'Ecclesiastic History' by Pavel Skala of Zhor. Pavel Skala of Zhor was a clerk of the directorial government and the royal office of Friedrich von Pfalz (Frederick Palatine), whom he accompanied abroad for two years. In the last four volumes of his 'Ecclesiastic History' he gives an account, from the point of view of an eyewitness, of events in the context of the European history that took place in Bohemia before the Estate Uprising, during the short reign of Frederick Palatine and after the defeat of Bohemian troops at the White Mountain. The author of the study does not forget the works of Pavel Jesin of Bezdezec, Mikulas Divis of Doubravin and a number of others.

4

Jak vytvořit životopis jezuity. Přehled řádových evidenčních pramenů, jejich dochování, dostupnost a vypovídací hodnota

100%

Bobková-Valentová K.

Folia historica Bohemica

|

2011

|

tom 26

|

nr 2

365-402

EN

The essay outlines personal records kept by the Jesuit order for its internal needs, characterises them, explains their reference value and provides the researcher with a methodological guideline in creating biographies of varied orientation and level of detail.

5

Přesvědčovací akce „svlékni hábit“ ve světle archivních materiálů

100%

Weis M.

Studia theologica

|

2009

|

tom 11

|

nr 3

63-76

EN

This study, predominantly based on archive materials, brings to light a chapter of the church history which is relatively poorly researched. It uses an investigatory method to demonstrate the efforts of the communist state power in Czechoslovakia to liquidate or at least radically restrict the existence of women's orders in the 1950s. False and artificially fabricated law-suits with top church dignitaries and the representatives of orders were accompanied by administrative restrictions of nuns' activities followed by their forceful relocation to special 'centralized monasteries'. Along with these measures, the representatives of the state power at the regional and district level conducted coercive operation code-named 'Take off your habit' designed to make the nuns betray their monastic vows, leave their monastic way of life and join other 'useful members of society'. This study is a part of a wider project, dealt with by the author, of the Czech Science Foundation, No. 409/07/0475 for 2009.

6

Maximilianus Wietrowsky SJ - životní osudy v zrcadle dobových pramenů a přehled literární tvorby

100%

Bockova A.

Listy filologické (Folia philologica)

|

2009

|

tom 132

|

nr 1-2

136-165

EN

A handful of sources have enabled us to get acquainted with the personality of the baroque Jesuit historian Maximilianus Wietrowsky: elogium, a sort of an obituary, which was written in monastic houses after a college member's death and sent (as a part of the annual report) to the directorate general in Rome; catalogi triennales, in which the college principals would (at roughly three-year intervals) provide reports on their wards; catalogi breves, annual directories informing of the ward's currently held position; and, most importantly, the correspondence of the order, Epistolae generalium, i.e. the concepts of letters sent from the directorate general to individual members of the order. Maximilianus Wietrowsky (1660-1737) entered the Jesuit order in 1677. After completing his studies he taught at inferior schools (humaniora) and later lectured in philosophy and theology at Prague and Olomouc universities. After that, he served as a rector of the Prague New Town College and also as the superior of the Svata Hora residence and the Dresden mission. In 1718 he became confessor to the Prague archbishop and assessor of the Prague consistory, where he would continue to work until his death. In his literary works he was mainly concerned with the history of the Church; he used his pedagogical experience in both theological and philosophical publications and acquired the most favourable response with the canonisation treatise Historia de vita S. Joannis Nepomuceni, whose authorship is verified - among others - in this work.

7

Litterae annuae provinciae Bohemiae (1623-1755)

100%

Bobková-Valentová K.

Folia historica Bohemica

|

2010

|

tom 25

|

nr 1

23-49

EN

The essay outlines the process of emergence and evolution of the Jesuit litterae annuae, i.e. annual reports applied by the Society of Jesus. They represent an important source of knowledge on the order’s activities and forms of its self-presentation. The essay concentrates on the structure of these texts, methods of their writing and their reception. It pays great attention to the distribution of annual reports within the Bohemian jesuit province. The study is based on an analysis of manuscripts preserved in the Czech Republic (NK ČR), the Austrian National Library (ÖNB) and the Rome Archive of the Society of Jesus (ARSI). There is a register which facilitates orientation in the preserved copies.

8

Ty ještě věříš, soudruhu?

88%

Weis M.

Studia theologica

|

2009

|

tom 11

|

nr 1

60-69

EN

The top officials of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia almost always perceived any belief in God and religion as something negative, according to the marxist mantra that 'religion is the opium of the people'. This study by concentrating directly on the rank-and-file members of the Communist Party, is trying to find an answer to what degree the Party managed to achieve its goal to eradicate religiosity among its own members in the 2nd half of the 20th century. Considering the extent of the matter, this study is a piece of research analysing only the state of religiousness of the members of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia in South Bohemia. It is based on as yet unpublished archive materials of the South Bohemian Regional Committee of the CP of Czechoslovakia. The archive materials confirmed the fact that, despite the persistent efforts, the party leaders did not succeed in achieving 'zero religiousness' among the party members of the South Bohemian CP of Czechoslovakia. Other author's publications:

9

Nebezpečný svatý Jan Nepomuk Neumann. Odraz svatořečení v archivních materiálech jihočeského regionu

88%

Weis M.

Studia theologica

|

2010

|

tom 12

|

nr 2

20-34

EN

Thirty years have passed in 2007 since Pope Paul VI canonised John Nepomucene Neumann, a native of South Bohemia. The author focuses his study on the questions of the canonisation of John N. Neumann, in the form of an inquiry in the archive materials of the state administration and the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia in the Region of South Bohemia. State authorities of the communist regime generally perceived the canonisation of this saint as a serious political and ideological danger at the same level as that of the well-known Charta 77 movement. Archive documents illustrate the unscrupulous and insidious way to thwart the efforts of clergy and individual believers for a dignified celebration of the canonisation within the the region of South Bohemia.

10

CÍRKEVNÍ A POLITICKÉ SOUVISLOSTI ŽIVOTA JOSEFA HLOUCHA

88%

Šebek J.

Studia theologica

|

2013

|

tom 15

|

nr 3

168–183

EN

This study deals with the life story of Bishop Joseph Hlouch in the context of the dramatic political, social and religious changes of the 20th century – during the interwar Czechoslovak Republic, in the post-war period and during the existence of the Communist regime from its takeover in 1948 to the period of “normalization” after the Warsaw Pact invasion.

11

Modernizace českého evangelického prostředí: případ svobodných církví

75%

Nešpor Z. R.

Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)

|

2012

|

tom 110

|

nr 1

20-51

EN

Protestant churches permitted under the Patent of Toleration issued by Joseph II (i.e. the Lutherans and the Calvinists) remained on the outskirts of Czech society with the exception of the Aš (German: Asch) region and the Těšín Silesia (German: Teschener Schlesien). Only after the Protestants achieved equal rights (the Protestant Provisorium 1849, the Protestant Patent 1861), their churches began to expand numerically and had a social and cultural impact. Indeed, their activities from the end of the 19th century until World War II considerably exceeded their relatively small numbers. Simultaneously, alternative „free“ evangelical churches emerged in the second half of the 19th century (the reconstituted Unity of the Brethren, the Free Reformed Church, the Baptists, the Adventists and others), or even Old Catholics. Small churches represented an alternative for Protestants dissatisfied with the functioning of „people‘s“ churches and their deeper religiosity, which often had sectarian features, also appealed, to a degree, to converts from the Roman Catholic environment. The growth in numbers and importance of Protestants in the Czech Lands was linked with nationalist movements and nationalist-confessional links which emerged in the German speaking environment as early as the 1860s and in the Czech and Polish environments in the period around World War I and in its wake. These processes can be understood as manifestations of modernisation in Protestant communities, partially coming from abroad, which led to theological liberalism (in the case of Czech speaking Protestants, but with an „inter-phase“ of confessionalism). Contrary to that, small Evangelical churches took the path of Enlightenment criticism of theological liberalism, which, however, was based on no less – although different – modernist principles.

12

K CIRKEVNEJ SPRÁVE NA ÚZEMÍ JUHOZÁPADNÉHO SLOVENSKA OD DRUHEJ POLOVICE 16. DO PRVEJ POLOVICI 17. STOROČIA

75%

Lopatková Z.

Konštantínove listy

|

2013

|

tom 6

|

nr 6

110 – 121

EN

The aim of the article is to characterize the church administration of the south-western part of Slovakia, the so called Podhorský deanery in the early modern era. The church administration has been documented on the basis of the analysis of canonical visitations which provide an authentic image of the social-political and religious situation in the region from the 1560s to the 1650s. According to the visitations from 1560 – 1564, a lot of presbyteries had either no priest or they had one who violated the church discipline. Situation in the church organization of the studied area changed in the first half of the 17th century. Visitations inform us not only about Roman Catholic parishes but also about conditions in the former Roman Catholic, yet at the time of visitations, Protestant or Anabaptist settlements. On the basis of the studied material, we came to the conclusion that changes in the church administration occurred on the arch deanery level, but mostly on the level of deaneries, which means that – in comparison with the past - in the chosen time was a deanery formed by different parishes and filial churches. Reformation and subsequent – though not very fast – establishment of the chain of Protestant and Calvin parishes also influenced the former Roman Catholic Church administration.

13

Současné bádání o středověké inkvizici: Stav, směřování, perspektivy

63%

Zbíral D.

Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)

|

2012

|

tom 110

|

nr 1

1-19

EN

Research on the Inquisition has undergone significant changes currently. It has become more critical; it appreciates the legacy of earlier historiography and defines itself against its preconceptions. It follows wider theoretical discussions in the historical and social sciences. It pays increased attention to the publication of sources and a critical evaluation of sources of the inquisitional records. More than ever before it is interested in the inquisitors’ world and strives to understand their motivation. It seems that the most important change in the overall image of the Inquisition is that the researchers no longer consider the medieval Inquisition as an organisation or system of special court tribunals but tend to comprehend it as a type of legal procedure which was in no way merely limited to proceedings in relation to heresy. However, despite that, it is possible to discern certain regularities in Inquisition activities. They deter us from conceiving the Inquisition activities as completely random and from studying them merely on the level of individual judicial courts, or even individual inquisitors. Whether researchers interpret these regularities using the concept of discourse or not, they agree that they had a vital impact on the image of the world of the deponents. However, historians no longer consider the relationship between the inquisitor and the deponent – though principally unequal – as a unilateral exercise of the inquisitor’s power over the helpless and passive individual giving evidence. They are beginning to view it more as a relationship based upon negotiation in which the deponent had a certain amount of space for agency and expression and some opportunities to voice their resistance or otherwise influence the dialogue to which they had been summoned. In future years it will be necessary to pay increased attention to the preparation of critical editions of numerous as yet unpublished sources, as well as to new editions of sources whose publications are considered unsatisfactory. It can be expected that the source criticism of Inquisition records will develop further, yet accompanied by an ever growing opposition against radical scepticism in terms of them being able to mediate the world views of those who were questioned. It is essential that further comprehensive studies on the functioning of individual local tribunals, alongside inductive studies on religious dissent movements, emerge which would be rather founded on a differentiated, everyday picture in Inquisition records than on a problematic concept of precise institutional and doctrinal outlines of individual “medieval heresies”. Finally, there is much work to be done in the theory and methodology of the study of the inquisitional records. Much can be achieved using contemporary methods and tools of social sciences, including specialised computer assisted qualitative data analysis software (CAQDAS).