This article deals with the historical and current forms of political expressions of Catholicism in the USA. With a focus on the specific role of religion in the American political context, and on the historical development of the American Catholic community, it explores the plurality of opinions on the application of values which arise from Catholicism in the social and political setting. The context of ideological orientations and personalities are included both from the areas of the liberal Catholic and conservative Catholic – neoconservative and paleoconservative – spectrum.
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The article deals with the essence, character, sources and interpretation of the Social Teaching of the Church, which is an integral part of the Christian conception of life and a part of the Church's evangelizing mission. It presents the attitude of the Church to political and economic issues, a moral evaluation of institutional frameworks, the historical conditionality of doctrine, as well as the timelessness of propagated values that spring from the Christian perspective of a human being. The article explores forms of interpretation and ideologization of this doctrine in the context of Christian social thought. Using the example of the Czech situation, the article illustrates the relation of the Church's social doctrine to political ideologies and to the political engagement of Christians. Particular cases of political parties and ideological streams are introduced, and the ways they use and interpret the social doctrine of the Church.
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This article deals with character and trends in European integration from the perspectives of Christian social thought, Christian-oriented policy, and from the positions of the Social Doctrine of the Church. It deals with the overall character of the integration process, its perspectives, consequences and furthermore with its particular aspects in the context of the principals of the Social Doctrine of the Church – the personal principle, the principles of solidarity and subsidiarity. The article comes to the conclusion that the process of European integration, in the manner it is carried out in the project of the European Union, is partly in fundamental contradiction with the traditionally understood Christian-oriented policy and also with the principles and spirit of the Social Doctrine of the Church.
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