The third way concept managed to combine strong points of economic liberalism and socialistic doctrines. It was a result of fruitful joint efforts of CST and developers and predecessors of SME concept. And while the economic part of CST has a nature of universal normative doctrine, the SME concept is a concept of German economic system, brilliantly implemented in the economic policy of the government of this country in 1947 - 1967. Basic ideas of the SME concept are still forming the core of CDU (one of the most influential political powers in Germany) economic program, and in many ways outlining the building of the European Union. In general, the idea of the third way became one of the most significant achievements of socioeconomic thought of the 20th century.
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This article deals with the historical and current forms of political expressions of Catholicism in the USA. With a focus on the specific role of religion in the American political context, and on the historical development of the American Catholic community, it explores the plurality of opinions on the application of values which arise from Catholicism in the social and political setting. The context of ideological orientations and personalities are included both from the areas of the liberal Catholic and conservative Catholic – neoconservative and paleoconservative – spectrum.
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The article deals with the essence, character, sources and interpretation of the Social Teaching of the Church, which is an integral part of the Christian conception of life and a part of the Church's evangelizing mission. It presents the attitude of the Church to political and economic issues, a moral evaluation of institutional frameworks, the historical conditionality of doctrine, as well as the timelessness of propagated values that spring from the Christian perspective of a human being. The article explores forms of interpretation and ideologization of this doctrine in the context of Christian social thought. Using the example of the Czech situation, the article illustrates the relation of the Church's social doctrine to political ideologies and to the political engagement of Christians. Particular cases of political parties and ideological streams are introduced, and the ways they use and interpret the social doctrine of the Church.
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This article deals with character and trends in European integration from the perspectives of Christian social thought, Christian-oriented policy, and from the positions of the Social Doctrine of the Church. It deals with the overall character of the integration process, its perspectives, consequences and furthermore with its particular aspects in the context of the principals of the Social Doctrine of the Church – the personal principle, the principles of solidarity and subsidiarity. The article comes to the conclusion that the process of European integration, in the manner it is carried out in the project of the European Union, is partly in fundamental contradiction with the traditionally understood Christian-oriented policy and also with the principles and spirit of the Social Doctrine of the Church.
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This article responds to critical notes in Vaclav Klaus’s book European Integration Without Illusions (2011) and attempts to outline the historical and content development of the concept of subsidiarity in the context of Catholic social doctrine. It describes its particular aspects and connections, ways of use in the tradition of the social encyclicals and in the area of Catholic social thought. The article comes to the conclusion that the concept of subsidiarity is a formal principle which is filled with a varied content. Its use in documents of the European Union and in discussions about European integration is therefore problematic. It also suggests the revitalization of this concept in the spirit of human freedom and human dignity and in the spirit of interpretations by John Paul II and Benedict XVI.
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