The aim of this article is to verify some common and ill-defined views on the Polish instrumental and vocal instrumental music written between 1947 and 1955 (all inspired by the socialist cultural policy), in the light of the analysis of both their texts and forms. A typical feature of these songs of the people, cantatas, operas and some symphonic genres was the use of texts which represented the style of the so-called 'socialist realism'. Yet a thorough study of the music created in the post-war decade allows us to distinguish those works with a clear political motivation, which can indeed be counted among the category of 'socialist-realist' music, and the 'independent' and politically 'neutral' works which belonged to the neo-classical or folkloristic tradition. The latter compositions, through the analysis of their forms and compositional techniques, reveal the features which enable us to verify common, and sometimes inaccurate opinions on their artistic value, and also allow us to bring to life several works forgotten by history.
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