Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

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Bronzezeitliches Siedlungswesen im Vorfeld der polnischen Westkarpaten: Geomagnetische Untersuchungen und Geländebegehungen im Bereich des Dunajectals

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Kienlin T. L. , Valde-Nowak P.

Recherches Archéologiques Nouvelle Serie

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2009

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tom 1

49-71

EN

In 2006, the verification surface surveys and geomagnetic prospection were carried out on Neolithic and Bronze Age sites in Wiśnicz and Rożnów Foothills. These sites were discovered in the course of AZP action in the early 90s the last century. The research were undertaken in order to obtain further information on the source potential and character of the settlement. For geomagnetic prospection 15 sites were selected. As a result of the research it was possible to significantly increase the amount of the Early and Older Bronze Age, which are fairly rare in the Carpathians. Particular attention was paid to extensive field scatterings of pottery dated at later periods of the Bronze Age and probably also at the Iron Age. In several sites, as can be judged on the results of geomagnetic prospections, there are numerous features embedded in the ground. In that case, a systematic excavation should be carried out. Of these sites a big highland settlement in Janowice seems to be the most spectacular.

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Z badań nad znaleziskami brązowych sierpów z guzkiem na Lubelszczyźnie i na terenach ościennych

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Kłosińska E. M. , Orzeł J. , Sadowski S.

Materiały i Sprawozdania Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego

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2017

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tom 38

49-72

EN

The subject of the article is the selection of finds of knob-sickles, recently uncovered in the south-eastern border of the Lublin region. The sickles come from the Middle and Younger Bronze Age, and their provenance can be linked with the territories on the Dniester River. Sickles are multifunctional tools. They were used as harvesting tools, commodity money, a source of bronze raw material, and cult accessories.

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Wyniki archeologicznych badań wykopaliskowych na stanowisku 33 w Czółnowie, gm. Myślibórz, woj. zachodniopomorskie

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Golański A. , Kot K. , Rzepecki S.

Raport

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2013

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tom 8

81-88

EN

The article deals with the results of excavations carried out at the site Czółnów 33 (AZP 40-09/136), Myślibórz commune, zachodniopomorskie voivodeship. The investigations resulted in revealing a settlement of the Lusatian culture, which functioned mainly in the younger and later periods of the Bronze Age.

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The Chronology of the Bronze Age Tell and Tell‑like Settlements in the Carpathian Basin. Revisited after 15 Years

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Gogâltan F.

Studia Hercynia

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2019

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nr 24

198-214

EN

Fifteen years ago, during an Alexander von Humboldt fellowship at the Institut für Prähistorische Archäologie, Freie Universität Berlin I have put together a catalogue of Early Bronze Age (EBA) and Middle Bronze Age (MBA) multi stratified settlements in the Carpathian Basin (ca. 2500–1600/1500 BC). A total of 188 multi stratified sites ascribed to five horizons were placed in chronological order. The new AMS data have substantially modified the absolute chronology of this period. The present paper focuses only on recent information regarding the chronology of the tell and tell like settlements in the Carpathian Basin.

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Brązowa bransoleta z Jadwisina, pow. legionowski

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Orlińska G.

Wiadomości Archeologiczne

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2011

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tom LXII

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nr 62

230-232

EN

The bronze bracelet from a stray find made in 2006 in the arable fields on the northern bank of the lower Narew R. at Jadwisin was discovered within an area recorded as site 3 (AZP 52-66/113) dated to the Roman Period but is not associated chronologically with this site. The penannular bracelet, of a chunky and broad band of sheet bronze, plano-convex in section, has on its outer face an ornament of groups of crosswise grooves alternating with broad panels filled with lengthwise grooves. In these panels some swellings formed between the grooves, mostly at the edges and near to the middle of the bracelet band, are covered with oblique or cross-wise incisions. The bracelet’s outer diameter is 6.7×8.8 cm, inner diameter – 5.7×7.8 cm, distance between bracelet terminals – 3.1 cm, maximum width of the bracelet body – 3.05 cm, thickness – 0.5 cm, weight 162.7 g. The ornamentation of this form of bracelets, known primarily from hoards type Karbowizna, is somewhat different: the panels with crosswise and lengthwise grooves either are approximately of the same width or the groups of crosswise grooves are wider than the groups of lengthwise grooves. A special design is executed on a bracelet from Kutno-Raszew, distr. Kutno, where panels covered with lengthwise grooves have a similar width and, between them, alternately, are narrow and broad groups of crosswise grooves. Broad panels with lengthwise grooves, also separated by alternately narrow and broad groups of crosswise grooves, appear on a bracelet from barrow no. 3 at Warzenko, distr. Kartuzy. Fine incisions on swellings between lengthwise grooves, but only at mid-width of the bracelet band, were made on one of the bracelets from Karbowizna, distr. Rypin, a find, similarly as the bracelet from Jadwisin, from the east bank of the Vistula. On this specimen the panels covered with lengthwise grooves are quite broad. Two other bracelets from Karbowizna have diagonally incised edges. Bracelets of a wide band of sheet metal decorated with lengthwise and crosswise grooves are noted during HaA1–HaA2, which corresponds to the younger segment of BA III and older segment of BA IV. The hoards from Karbowizna and Kutno-Raszew and the assemblage from Warzenko are dated to BA III. By the details of its ornament the find from Jadwisin recalls specimens from these chronologically earlier finds.

6

Nieznana brązowa szpila uchata

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Kłosińska E. M.

Materiały i Sprawozdania Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego

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2021

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nr 42

215-217

EN

The discovery of the pin with an eyelet, incorrectly identified with the vicinity of Biłgoraj, most likely comes from Silesia or Greater Poland. It is a decoration that can be associated with the onset of the Lusatian culture in these areas

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Radiocarbon dating of the Bronze Age bone pins from Eurasian Steppe

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Shishlina N. I. , Plicht J. v. d. , Zazovskaya E. P.

Geochronometria

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2011

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tom Vol. 38, no. 2

107-115

EN

Bone catapult and hammer-headed pins played one of very specific roles in funerary offer-ings in the Bronze Age graves uncovered in the Eurasian Steppes and the North Caucasus. Scholars used different types of pins as key grave offerings for numerous chronological models. For the first time eight pins have been radiocarbon dated. 14C dating of bone pins identified the catapult type pin as the earliest one. They marked the period of the Yamnaya culture formation. Then Yamnaya popu-lation produced hammer-headed pins which became very popular in other cultural environments and spread very quickly across the Steppe and the Caucasus during 2900-2650 cal BC. But according to radiocarbon dating bone pins almost disappeared after 2600 cal BC.

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Skarb z epoki brązu z Nowego Łowicza na Pomorzu

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Hahuła K.

Wiadomości Archeologiczne

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2001

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tom LV

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nr 55

21-30

EN

A hoard of bronze objects was discovered in 1835 at Nowy Łowicz (former Neu Lobitz, Kr. Dramburg), gm. Kalisz Pomorski, woj. zachodniopomorskie in Western Pomerania during the construction of asheepfold. In 1896 Baroness Anna Sylvia von Wangenheim presented the finds to the collection of the Berlin Museum für Vor- und Frühgeschichte where – except for a number of artifacts that were lost – they remain to this day. First information on the hoard was published by A. Kühne (1883, 31f., 327, 330, pl. 1/3–6), O. Olshausen (1891, 405 f.) and A. Götze (1897, 37 f., fig. 75). A. Stubenrauch gave a description and drawings of hoard contents in his journal (National Museum in Szczecin, archive file no. 226). The deposit from Nowy Łowicz was not included in K. Kersten’s catalogue (1958). J. Kostrzewski (1958, 352, lists 22, 23) cited only a few of its elements in his find lists. Because the deposit from Nowy Łowicz was never fully published it was invoked only rarely in later studies as compared to other Bronze Age hoards. The hoard included a necklace of 26 “double-horned pendants and 23 spiral beads, two lentoid buckle hoops and three clothes fastenings with spiral discs, four buttons, a cylindrical object, two fragments of pins(?) and three fragments of casting waste. The following items were subsequently lost: the fastenings with spiral discs, casting waste and a fragment of apin(?). Necklaces made up of double-horned pendants and spiral beads (Fig. 2) are a local form encountered only in Western Pomerania. Similar specimens are known from Storkowo and grave II at Trzebiatów–Ostrowice. Horned pendants were also recorded at Węgorza and Sucha, while spiral discs on their own are encountered in greater quantity. Necklaces of this type are considered to be an indicator of an archaeological culture group from Bronze Age III in Pomerania (H. J. Eggers 1936, 41, map on p. 44), recently designated as Ostrowice Group (M. Gedl 1990, 30 f., fig. 3). Lentoid buckle hoops and spiral fastenings (Fig. 3a–d) are an element of the so-called Storkowo type buckles (Fig. 3e). Similar buckles were recovered at Storkowo, Trzebiatów–Ostrowice and perhaps also at Buczek. It is not certain whether the larger subsequently lost clothes fastenings with spiral discs was associated with Storkowo type buckles. Buckles of this type, similarly as the pendant and bead necklaces, are characteristic for the Ostrowice Group. It is striking that Storkowo buckles resemble specimens known from Pomerania as late as in BA V. Circular buttons made of sheet bronze (Fig. 4a–d) are a frequent element of Bronze Age grave goods in Pomerania while specimens most similar to the ones in question were discovered in a grave at Banie dated to BA IV. The cylindrical object (Fig. 4e) is most probably a ferrule for hafting the shaft of the so-called halberd or palstave. This is strongly supported by the closest analogies from Niechmirów, woj. łódzkie dated to BA III. Two lengths of bronze wire may be pin fragments (Fig. 4f), a frequent element in Bronze Age assemblages in Pomerania. One of the three bronze and copper casting cakes with projections is a casting jet (Fig. 4g). The hoard from Nowy Łowicz extending the assortment of finds defined as type Storkowo is representative for the Ostrowice Group (Fig. 5) exhibiting the tradition of Tumuli Cultures as well as influences from the Nordic Culture Circle in metallurgy. Chronology of the deposit in question should be examined within the framework of the horizons of finds accepted as typical for this group. Of primary importance for the discussion of the chronology of the Nowy Łowicz hoard are grave goods from burials at Trzebiatów–Ostrowice (H. J. Eggers 1938). The three assemblages finds of Storkowo type were accompanied by Wierzbięcin type armlets. This prompted W. Blajer (1979, 61 f., 68 f.) to date the assemblages to late phase III and the beginning of BA IV. K. Randsborg is inclined to associate finds linked at present with the Ostrowice Group with the so-called period sub-III noting adelay in the emergence of BA IV forms in Western Pomerania and in Mecklemburg as compared to the neighbouring cultures (K. Randsborg 1972, 71, fig. 17, 76). Perhaps the phenomenon may be linked with the process of change in the cultural aspect and the rise of the Lusatian Culture in Pomerania. At present the character of the deposit from Nowy Łowicz cannot be convincingly defined. An argument in favour of its “secular character and treating it as a deposit, perhaps of a craftsman, may be the presence of casting waste and of fragments of larger objects. However in the light of more recent conclusions its religious character cannot be excluded (cf. W. Blajer 1992, 102). The review of archival documentation and verification in the field helped to identify the location of the deposit of bronze objects. Moreover, in the course of excavation conducted by the author in a cemetery of Wielbark Culture at Nowy Łowicz revealed the presence of a previously unknown cemetery of Lusatian Culture (Fig. 1). Graves uncovered so far are dated to the younger Bronze Age (K. Hahuła 1991, 1992) but burials from earlier periods of the Bronze Age may probably be discovered in the future (cf.R.Wołągiewicz 1961), contemporary to the hoard of bronze objects.

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Skarb z epoki brązu z Okonka, pow. złotowski, woj. wielkopolskie

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Trzop-Szczypiorska A.

Raport

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2017

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tom 12

65-82

EN

In 2015, sappers clearing an area in the Forest District of Okonek found a deposit of bronze objects. The hoard consisted of 12 bronze objects deposited in a clay vessel. The deposit consisted of: 1 fibula of Spindlersfeld type, with a convex bow ending with two spiral discs with a moveable pin, 1 plate fibula – a variety with smooth discs, 5 bronze bosses (discs), 2 ornamental objects made of wire, in the form of a double, massive spiral disc with a protruding loop, and 3 clothing buckles. All objects are in a very good state of preservation and are partly covered by patina. Based on analogies, the above-described deposit can be dated to the 5th period of the Bronze Age.

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„Horned spindle whorls” in the Trzciniec cultural circle

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Taras H.

Sprawozdania Archeologiczne

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2012

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tom 64

149-178

EN

This paper provides description and classification of the objects known as “horned spindle whorls”, and goes on to discuss theories on their function in the Trzciniec cultural circle, as well as usage and symbolic meaning

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To Dye or Not to Dye: Bioarchaeological Studies of Hala Sultan Tekke Site, Cyprus

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Kofel D.

Światowit

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2017

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tom 56(1)

89-98

EN

Dated to the Late Bronze Age (Late Cypriot II: 1450–1200 BC and Late Cypriot III: 1200–1050 BC), the site of Hala Sultan Tekke brought to light interesting evidence of textile production and possible fabric dyeing. Finds of loom weights and spindle whorls together with remains of dyer’s croton (Chrozophora tinctoria), field gromwell (Buglossoides arvensis syn. Lithospermum arvense), and shells of murex allow opening a discussion over the methods and reasons for undertaking the time and cost-consuming procedure of dye production. The present article, through an examination of finds and an analysis of plant macrofossils and molluscs, tests a hypothesis of textile dyeing at the Late Cypriot city of Dromolaxia Vizatzia.

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Spatial development of the settlement complex affiliated to the Trzciniec cultural circle at site 1 in Polesie in Central Poland

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Górski J. , Makarowicz P. , Wawrusiewicz A.

Sprawozdania Archeologiczne

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2013

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tom 65

195–224

EN

This article presents the territorial development of a settlement complex which occurred over a span of time between 1700–1100 BC. In this period we observe a few “settlement episodes” and record the historical development of 25–30 generations of communities within the Trzciniec cultural circle. The site had a complex spatial structure that changed (modified) over time. A number of settlements, cemeteries and single graves were singled out/identified. The model of spatial development of a settlement complex in Polesie is based on the changes in pottery styles, planigraphy analysis and the results of 14C dating. A system defining/specifying the dynamics of settlement changes and the ritual space of the Trzciniec cultural circle in Polesie was created on the basis of this data. The period of use of these particular settlements ranged from 50/150 right up to 600 years. The largest settlement covered an area of ca 1 ha, the smallest 0,3–0,5 ha. The settlement complex in Polesie is unique in comparison to the other sites of the Trzciniec cultural circle. This complex was widespread, consisting of both the settlement and cemetery areas and it continued to be occupied continually for over 660 years

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Chronologia i periodyzacja cmentarzyska z epoki brązu i wczesnej epoki żelaza w Domasławiu, pow. wrocławski, na podstawie datowania radiowęglowego

100%

Goslar T.

Przegląd Archeologiczny

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2019

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tom 67

31-48

EN

The article presents the results of the radiocarbon dating and Bayesian analysis of 14C dates of bones from the burial ground in Domasław. The Bayesian analysis used the relative chronology obtained based on the characteristic features of grave goods and the assigning of individual burials to specific periods of the late Bronze Age (II EB – V EB ) or the early Iron Age (HC – LtA). A coherent chronological model of the burial ground was accepted after assuming that graves with transitional features, attributable to two subsequent periods, could have been contemporary of graves from one or the other period. The temporal frames of particular periods calculated by the model allow us to improve previously published chronological diagrams of the late Bronze Age and the early Iron Age in the region.

14

Evaluation of the animal husbandry economy and meat consumption in the early and classical developmental phases of the Lusatian culture in Witów, site 1, Koszyce commune

100%

Gocman U.

Przegląd Archeologiczny

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2020

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tom 68

47-72

EN

Archaeological excavations conducted since 2002 in Witów, site 1, Koszyce commune have provided a large collection of animal bone remains. Analysis of this source category became the basis for evaluating the economic model in the early and classical developmental phases of the Lusatian settlement on this site. In both analyzed chronological periods, the basis for obtaining meat was animal husbandry. The dominant component in the analyzed collection is that of cattle bone remains, followed by sheep and goats as well as pigs in third place. Such species distribution indicates a plant cultivation/animal husbandry economy with a large share of pastoral traditions. One of the important areas of natural resource management was the collection of freshwater bivalves, which probably resulted from natural conditions. The low percentage of wild animal remains indicates that hunting played a marginal role in the sphere of economic activity of the communities analyzed. The lack of noticeable transformations in the domestic animals management system suggests that the economic model chosen in the early settlement phase turned out to be the most optimal strategy in relation to the environmental realities. A comparative analysis of the animal husbandry economy in Witów with other settlements of the Lusatian culture in Małopolska (Lesser Poland) and Śląsk (Silesia) showed some common trends. The obtained results indicate that apart from environmental pressure, cultural considerations and animal husbandry tradition to some extent determined the choice of the economic model.

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The bronze hoard of the Piliny culture from Rzepedź in south-eastern Poland

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Kotowicz P. N. , Trybała-Zawiślak K. , Duda M.

Acta Archaeologica Carpathica

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2016

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tom LI

83-101

EN

On 20th January 2015 the co-author of this paper Piotr N. Kotowicz received information about an accidental discovery of bronze artefacts in the village of Rzepedź (Sanok district, Subcarpathian province). The discoverers — Łukasz Solon and Ewelina Turzańska from Sanok, stumbled upon them the day before, while wandering around the village. According to the oral relation of Ł. Solon on the background of the brown earth and yellowish grass, he spotted a fragment of an item resembling “shaft-hole axe”, which was clearly visible thanks to the green patina covering it. The intrigued finder unearthed it by digging a rather shallow dig (up to 15 cm), revealing in its vicinity additional five pieces of bronze coiled spirals. Realizing the importance of the finds he took out the items, but refrained from further exploration of the dug hole. When the unearthed items were shown at the Historical Museum in Sanok, it became clear that they might be a part of a hoard from the Bronze age.

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Naczynia z IV okresu epoki brązu z Nowego Zatomia, pow. międzychodzki

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Karch B.

Wiadomości Archeologiczne

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2005

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tom LVII

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nr 57

89-91

EN

Recent studies helped to refine the provenance (recorded as Zatom, former distr. Międzychód) of vessels in keeping of the State Archaeological Museum in Warsaw as Nowy Zatom, comm. and distr. Międzychód, woj. wielkopolskie. The specimens had been unearthed in 1931 near the “Lubitz farm” during construction work. A site sketch made on this occasion also shows the location of some hundred or so Lusatian culture graves discovered earlier in the same area. Unfortunately the review of archival records and literature has failed to identify any reference to such a cemetery at Nowy Zatom. The vessels passed to the State Archaeological Museum in Warsaw thanks to an intervention of Zygmunt Zakrzewski, Inspector of Prehistoric Monuments for the Wielkopolska Province

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Chronology of the Early and Middle Bronze Age in Hungary. New results

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Kiss V. , Csányi M. , Dani J. , Fisch K. P. , Kulcsár G. , Szathmári I.

Studia Hercynia

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2019

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nr 24

173-197

EN

The chronological system established by Paul Reinecke played a significant role in developing a chronological classification of the Hungarian Bronze Age. However, the relative chronology which is currently being used for the Early and Middle Bronze Age by the majority of Hungarian scholars is based on István Bóna’s tempo ral sequence. Although Bóna’s relative chronology is still regarded as the ‘lingua franca’ in Hungary, several attempts have been made to synchronise Bóna’s relative chronological system of the Hungarian Bronze Age with the Reinecke scheme in the last two decades. The present paper compares the two relative chronological systems and highlights some common cornerstones, supported by the most recent AMS 14C dates from the Carpathian Basin.

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TL and OSL dating of sediment and pottery from two Syrian archaeological sites

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Sánchez J. S. , Mosquera D. F. , Fenollós J. L. M.

Geochronometria

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2008

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tom Vol. 31

21-29

EN

Luminescence dating is widely applied nowadays, mainly for archaeological material and artefacts and sediments of all types and origins. However, optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) from archaeological sediment, originated from mud brick buildings has been hardly studied. The archaeological sites of Tall Abu Fahd and Tall Qsubi are located in the Middle Euphrates Valley, Deir ez-Zor district, Syria. These two Bronze Age sites were recently discovered by a Spanish-Syrian team from the Directorate General of Antiquities and Museums (Damascus) and the University of Coruna. Both sites were dated (about 3.5 ka BC) by typological pottery classification. Sediment and pottery samples from these archaeological sites were collected for luminescence dating. Several analytical procedures for obtaining equivalent doses were tested on the sediment samples. Blue OSL from quartz subsamples and IRSL, post IRSL Blue OSL from feldspar contaminated quartz and polymineral subsamples were performed to obtain OSL ages. For the pottery samples, additive dose TL on a coarse grain feldspar contaminated quartz subsample was performed as well. Results have shown agreement among all the luminescence procedures tested on the Tall Abu Fahd site samples after fading correction, showing ages around 2.7 ka BP. Obtained ages from the other site samples show disagreement among quartz blue OSL and the other subsamples. Fading ratios allow correcting age underestimations from the polymineral post-IR OSL signal. However, the polymineral IRSL signal still shows underestimation. Final sediment and pottery ages have shown good agreement. Older 14C independent age (3.32 ka BP) corresponds to occupational periods of the site while sediment ages are attributed to a post occupation phase.

19

Analiza geologiczno-morfologiczno-glebowa przeprowadzona na stanowiskach archeologicznych w Grabowcu, gmina Radymno, powiat jarosławski, województwo podkarpackie

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Reder J. , Stępniewski K.

Raport

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2014

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tom 9

169-175

EN

The text includes an analysis and interpretation of the environmental context of prehistoric sites in Grabowiec. Information is given on their location, topography as well as geological characteristics of the area, where human settlements were located. Also the results of analysis of geomorphological situation and soil cover were presented.

20

An Archaeological landscape of Sharif Abad (Solgi) settlement area in the Gamasi-Ab River Basin in Central Zagros

88%

NOURALLAHI A.

Historia i Świat

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2022

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nr 11

15-40

EN

Solgi or Sharif Abad tepe (A&B) is one of the larger settlement sites of the Gamasi-Ab river basin in Nahavand plain. This site lies at the intersection of old ancient roads that go from Sahne, Harsin and Kangavar to Nihavand and the other eastern regions. In the study of this area, pottery from the Early Bronze Age (Godin IV-Yanik, Kura-Araxes), pottery related to Godin III, II and pottery of the historical period were obtained. The examination of these pottery artefacts reveals extensive cultural exchanges of the inhabitants of the region with the northwestern and neighboring areas in the Bronze and Iron Ages. In addition, a closer examination of the lifestyle in this settlement area gives us a complete view of these people’s use of biological resources and their interaction with the environment. Among the reasons for the location and development of this settlement in the Bronze and Iron Age the main one was easy access to water resources and fertile agricultural lands. This article provides a brief overview of the geographical situation of the region and the history of archaeological research conducted in Nihavand and then focuses on the natural landscape of Sharif Abad. The next part of it describes the archaeological data from this location and analyzes its chronology. The article is concluded by a succinct summary.