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Cytophotometric analysis of DNA content in cell nuclei of five Bromus species of Genea section

100%

Naganowska B.

nr 3

215-221

Karyotypes of five Bromus species of Genea section

86%

Naganowska B.

nr 3

197-213

RAPD studies in Bromus (Poaceae) from the old and new worlds - preliminary results

72%

Joachimiak A. , Sutkowska A. , Mitka J.

tom 43

RAPD analysis was applied to nine Bromus species (B. fasciculatus, B. arvensis, B. scoparius, B. hordeaceus, B. squarrosus, B. carinatus, B. willdenowii, B. erectus, B. inermis) belonging to four subgenera: subg. Stenobromus, subg. Bromus, subg. Ceratochloa, and subg. Festucaria. With 10 out 13 primers a considerable degree of polymorphism was detected at the interspecific level, and some bands obtained with these primers appeared to be species-specific. The RAPD band distribution and genetic relationships between different Bromus species and subgenera were analyzed. No bands common to all analyzed species were discovered, but some of the amplified DNA fragments were common to all taxa belonging to the same subgenera or even different ones. The divisions suggested by taxonomists generally were confirmed by numerical analysis of the RAPD data presented here.

RAPD analysis points to old world Bromus species as ancestral to new world subgen. Festucaria

58%

Sutkowska A. , Mitka J.

nr 2

117-125

The genus Bromus subgen. Festucaria is a widespread Old World and New World taxon having genomes A, B and L, distinguished cytogenetically. Stebbins (1981) suggested that evolution in Bromus went from the small genomes A and B to the large genome L. Thus, Old World species with genomes A and B could be ancestral to New World species with genome L. To test this hypothesis we carried out RAPD analysis of a representative group of species from subgen. Festucaria. RAPD band patterns enabled resolution of 13 species after excluding the species-specific bands with high/moderate support. The basal position of Bromus variegatus M. Bieb. - an Old World species presumably having a B genome - in relation to some New World species with the genome L confirmed Stebbins' hypothesis of its ancestry in relation to the Old World species. The group of high bootstrap support, B. cappadocicus Boiss. et Balansa-B. erectus Huds.-B. riparius Rehm., with genome A. and a distinctly xerothermic ecological profile, was related to a New World species with genome L, B. auleticus Trin. ex Nees, pointing to their presumably common evolutionary history.