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EN
Attempts to obtain a micro-dispersion-based formulation insecticide were made. An aqueous micro-suspension of polystyrene had been used to trap pyrethroid lambda-cyhalothrin. A method of introducing the active substance into the polymer was developed. The biological efficiency of micro-emulsion of lambda-cyhalothrin with polystyrene was investigated.
EN
Effectivenes of infestation B. germanica L. with strains of M. anisopliae originating from different regions of Poland. The tested strains have caused high mortality of the test insect. Especially effective in reduction were strains Browsk and Pruszyn, which even at relatively low spore density caused high mortality of examinated insects.
PL
Oceniono skuteczność porażania B. germanica L. przez szczepy grzyba M. anisopliae pochodzące z różnych okolic Polski. Testowane szczepy powodowały dużą śmiertelność wśród doświadczalnych owadów. Szczególnie skuteczne w redukcji liczebności badanych populacji prusaków były szczepy Browsk i Pruszyn, które nawet przy stosunkowo niskiej gęstości zarodników grzyba wywoływały wysoką śmiertelność wśród doświadczalnych owadów.
PL
Zbadano oporność na permetrynę prusaków odłowionych w obiektach służby zdrowia w niektórych miejscowościach na terenie Polski. Badania prowadzono metodą kontaktową. Oporność badanych owadów była zróżnicowana: wartości LT50 wahały się od 19,1 min. do 1582,9 min.; LT90 - od 75,3 min. do 16066,3 min.
EN
Resistance to permethrin was tested in cockroaches caught in health service institutions in various parts of Poland. The tests were carried out by the contact method as recommended by the WHO. The density of the insecticide was 20 mg/m2. The experiment was done only on male insects, calculating the values of LT50 and LT90 in insect groups caught in various localities. These values were compared with LT50 and LT90 values in sensitive insects exposed to the insecticide, and the resistance indices R50 and R90 were calculated. This made possible determination of permethrin resistance of the populations from various areas. The results showed that the sensitivity of the insects varied. Cockroaches caught in Opole, Biała Podlaska, Szczecin, Warsaw were highly resistant to permethrin, while those from Płock, Piotrków Trybunalski, Chojnów, Nowy Sącz tolerated the insecticide, and those from Jędrzejów were as sensitive as control laboratory insects.
PL
Praca dotyczy oceny wpływu zakażeń mieszanych Beauveria bassiana i Pae- cilomyces farinosus (szczepy Ł i P) na redukcję liczebności dojrzałych Blattela germanica L. pochodzących z hodowli laboratoryjnej. Grzyby stosowano w określonej kolejności i w różnym czasie od podania owadom pierwszego patogena.
EN
In this paper results of infestation of Blatella germanica L with mixed culture of insecticidal fungi belonging to one two species are presented. In the first stage of experiment the insects were infested first with B. bassiana spores and later with P. farinosus spores (strains Ł and P) was used as first and B. bassiana as second with time sequence of only 24 and 72 hours. Out of one species cultures tests were done alternately with strains Ł and P of P. farinosus. The control insects were always infested with fungi applied to cockroach in the first place. From comparison of data it results that irrespective of the time that elapsed from application of the first pathogen to the time of application of the second pathogen the number of dead individuals was always higher in experimental series than in control i.e. when only one pathogen was applied. After 30 days of experiment the hihest mortality in females amounted to, 3,3% and in males - 80,0% whereas in the control it amounted 6,6%and 20,0% . Respectively , after feeding on diet infested only with one pathogen. After 50 years the highest mortality amounted to 20% in females and 100% in mealeswith control of 30% and 53,3% in meals and females, respectively. When the sequence of pathogen application was reversed, mortality after 30 day amounted to 53,3% in females and 36,7% in meals with corresponding numbers in cotrols beging 26,6% and 26,6%, respectively. After elapse of 50 days the highest mortality in females was 90% and in males - 100% with cotrol showing mortality of 36,7% and 63,3% respectively. From comparison of numerical data complied in Table 1 it results that most advantageous time span between first and second infestation with fungi is 48 h. Mortality of cockroaches infested with fungi of two different species was higher than in isects infested with one species of fungi.
PL
Zbadano efektywność handlowych biopreparatów owadobójczych z B. thuringiensis (Biobit, Novo Skeetal, Novodor) w redukcji liczebności prusaków (Blattella germanica L.).
EN
The usefulness of new commercial products of biological origin (Biobit, Novo Skeetal and Novodor) was tested in cockroaches (Blattella germanica L.) control. Biobit proved to be the most effective in reduction of cockroaches population. Its higher activity against cockroaches was observed in all concentrations tested. Females were more sensitive for all tested products than males.
PL
Dokonano oceny zdolności porażania prusaków (Blattella germanica L.) przez różne szczepy grzyba Beauveria bassiana,- również przez szczepy otrzymane drogą pasażu. Badano prusaki dojrzałe, zróżnicowane pod względem wieku, płci i pochodzenia (laboratoryjne i tzw. terenowe). Testowane szczepy wykazały zróżnicowany poziom patogeniczności w stosunku do badanych populacji prusaków; a procent śmiertelności owadów zależał od właściwości patogenicznych danego szczepu, ilości zarodników grzyba w pokarmie oraz obu płci tych owadów. Z badanych szczepów najbardziej skuteczny w redukcji liczebności prusaków okazał się szczep Beauveria bassiana oznaczony w kolekcji szczepów Instytutu Ekologii PAN pod numerem Bb 23.
EN
The ability of killing cockroaches (Blattella germanica L.) by various strains of the mushroom Beauveria bassiana was studied, including also strains obtained by passaging. The study was conducted using adult insects, of varying age and sex, derived from laboratory cultures or caught in hospital rooms. The obtained results pointed out differences in the pathogenicity of B. bassiana strains for the studied populations of insects. The per cent of mortality among the insects depended on the pathogenic properties of B. bassiana strains, the density of mushroom spores in the food and on the sex of the insects. Passaging was found to be useful in case of strains with low pathogenicity for the insects since the passaged strains were more effective in their action on the insect than before passaging. Out of the studies strains the 23th strain was most effective in reducing the number of the insects.
PL
Zbadano wrażliwość prusaków (Blattella germanica L.) na owadobójcze biopreparaty (Thuricide, Thuridan i M-one) z Bacillus thuringiensis.
EN
The usefulness was tested of the biological insecticides containing B. thuringiensis available in the market in the eradication of cochroaches. Thuridan was the most effective out of the tested insecticides in reducing the number of the insects. Its higher activity in relation to Thuricide was evident at all tested concentrations. Males were more sensitive than females. On the other hand, no significant response of cockroaches to M-one preparation was noted, since the per cent of dying insects was only slightly higher than in the control group.
PL
Określono wrażliwość prusaków (Blattella germanica L.) różnorodnych pod względem wieku i płci, na owadobójczy biopreparat z Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurs taki (Dipel).
EN
In the studies conducted for finding of biological factors effectively controlling insects of hygienic importance German cockroaches were subjected to the action of an insecticide containing spores of Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki. One gram of the insecticide contained 25 miliard (US billion) spores with protein endotoxin crystals. The inscets were given drinking water and food containing 1.0%, 0.5%, 0.25%, 0.125% of the initial preparation. The experiment was carried out on 1800 cockroaches. Half of them (600 mature insects differentiated for sex and age and 300 larvae in stage 1st of development) were treated with the preparation, the remaining insects served for control. The insects were kept at about 28°C. After 9 days o the experiment in the group receiving 1% Dipel on food 76.4% mature insects and 83,0% larvae in 1st stage of development died. After 14 days all males died, and after 17 days died all females. In the control group died in that time 2.3% and 3.4% respectively. In case of lower per cent of the preparation in food the time of dying was prolonged, and at the lowest per cent it was 22 days. The study showed that Dipel effectively reduced the population of German cockroaches, and although in initial period its action was slower than that of chemical agents, it could be used for the control of these insects, especially as it in non-toxic for humans, warm-blooded animals and useful insects.
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