Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Big Bang i filozofia emanacyjna

100%

Rubiś W.

Estetyka i Krytyka

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2015

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nr 4(39)

43-54

EN

In this article I analyze the philosophical relationship between traditional philosophy of ema-nation and the modern theories of creation of the world, particularly the theory of the Big Bang. I undertake a preliminary reflection on the terms of renewal emanationism today.

2

Tajemnicza ciemna materia: aksjony coraz trudniejsze do wykrycia

63%

Nowina Konopka M.

Postępy Techniki Jądrowej

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2018

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tom z. 1

47--49

PL

Ciemna materia stanowi relikt termiczny Wielkiego Wybuchu. Jej istnienie jest obecnie dominującym wytłumaczeniem obserwowanych anomalii w rotacji galaktyk oraz ruchu galaktyk w gromadach. Ciemnej materii poszukuje się obecnie w trzech kierunkach. Zgodnie z jedną koncepcją ciemna materia jest zwykłą materią barionową (złożoną z protonów i neutronów), takie obiekty nazywamy MACHO. Według drugiej to nieznane cząstki elementarne zwane WIMP-ami. Ważną możliwość, stanowią aksjony – neutralne cząstki ciemnej materii, o bardzo małej masie. Intensywne badania są prowadzone zarówno jako nowe eksperymenty jak i poprzez analizę dawnych danych. Wszystkie nowe wyniki elektryzują świat fizyków.

EN

Dark matter is the thermal relic of the Big Bang. Its existence is currently the dominant explanation for the observed anomalies in the rotation of galaxies and the movement of galaxies in clusters. Nowadays, dark matter is being sought in three directions. According to one concept, dark matter is ordinary baryon matter (composed of protons and neutrons), such objects are called MACHO. According to the second, these are unknown elementary particles called WIMPs. An important possibility are the axions - neutral particles of dark matter, with a very low mass. Intensive research is conducted as new experiments and analysis of old data. All new results electrify the world of physicists.

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Jak kosmologia tłumaczy powstanie pierwiastków chemicznych?

63%

Ilczyszyn M.

Wiadomości Chemiczne

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1998

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tom [Z] 52, 7-8

512-527

EN

Cosmology is presented as a branch of science dealing with the Universe. The most important achievement in this field is the Big Bang theory accounting for the formation of the Universe by an explosion 10-25 billion years ego. This event was followed by different processes schematically divided into 'Planc', 'handron', 'lepton', 'radiation|' and 'galaxy' era (Tab. 1). Universal abundance of elements is presented as a relation between logarithm of the elements (or isobars) abundance in the solar system and the atomic (or mass) numbers (Figs 1 and 2). These relations are treated as records of the Universe evolution. Four groups of the nucleosynthesis are presented according to this idea (Tab.2):(1) primary reactions at the beginning of the Universe; (2) 'burning' of light elements inside stars; (3) neutron capture inside stars; (4) photonuclear reactions inside strongly heated-up stars, natural disintegration of heavy elements inside and outside the stars, breaking of heavy elements in the interstellar space. Light chemical elements - from hydrogen to lithium - were created during the first minutes after the Big Bang by primary nucleosynthesis processes (reactions 1-7). This mechanism is responsible for very high abundance of hydrogen (~90% of all atoms in the Universe) and helium (~9%). Heavy elements are produced up to now inside stars. Special attention is paid to description of different stages and ways of star evolution (Fig. 3) and to relations of this processes to the nucleosynthesis inside stars (reactions 8-38). These processes strongly depend on the beginning mass of the star. Stars similar to the Sun are responsible for formation of carbon and oxygen only. In the bigger ones the elements up to the iron group can be formed. In the case of the largest ones supernova phenomenon is possible: the star that has exhausted its nuclear fuel, collapses into a superdense state, and explodes with a final burst of enormous energy. This is responsible for reactions from the group (4).

4

Teologia naturalna Sir Edmunda Tylora Whittakera

63%

Pabjan T.

Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce

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2008

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nr 42

78-111

PL

There were scientists who believed that the beginning of the universe that cosmology speaks about should be identified with the moment of creation by God. One of them was Edmund Whittaker, who was convinced that the Big Bang provides a kind of scientific proof of the creation 'ex nihilo' and consequently of the existence of God. The present paper gives a short account of his natural theology. In the first chapter, Whittaker's philosophy of mathematics is presented - this is his point of departure: rational and mathematical character of the world is - in his opinion - a source of our knowledge of God. Chapters two and three give an account of Whittaker's natural theology; the stress is put on the Big Bang as a moment of the world's creation. In chapter four, the relevance of cosmology for the understanding of the Five Ways to God of St. Thomas is discussed. The last chapter deals with the problem of determinism and free will as seen by Edmund Whittaker.

5

O czasie i zegarach. Część II

51%

Dobrogowski A.

Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne

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2000

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tom nr 4

271-277

PL

Jest to druga część artykułu, w której opisano poglądy na początek Wszechświata, przywołano ważne daty jego historii i wskazano warianty jego możliwej przyszłości. Rozważano problematykę rachuby czasu za pomocą kalendarzy i zegarów. Przedstawiono astronomiczną i atomową skalę czasu.

EN

This is the second part of the paper, which some ideas for the origin of the Universe, the important events from its history and some variants its possible future arę discussed in. Time count using calendars and clocks is considered. Astronomical and atomie time scales arę addressed.