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Efficacy of powders of some spices for the control of Callosobruchus subinnotatus (Pic) on stored Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) seeds

100%

Buba M. , Hafizu M.

World News of Natural Sciences

2025

tom 58

183-193

A study was conducted in the laboratory of the Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Federal University of Kashere, Gombe state, to evaluate the effects of powders of some spices (pepper, ginger and garlic) for the control of Callosobruchus subinnotatus on stored Bambara groundnut. The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three (3) treatments, and control. Each treatment was replicated three times. The results from the research showed that garlic powder caused a significantly (p≤0.05) higher adult C. subinnotatus mortality, which was followed by pepper powder and ginger powder in that order. In addition, there was no significant (p>0.05) difference in number of exit holes between Bambara groundnut treated with the three different spices. However, 4 and 8 grams gave best results on days 12 and 16 evidenced with significantly (p≤0.0) fewer exit holes in Bambara groundnut. Results further showed higher weight loss from C. subinnotatus infested stored Bambara groundnut treated with garlic than the other treatment combinations and control, though this was not significant (p>0.05) when compared with Bambara groundnut treated with pepper and ginger. The experiment further showed that higher levels of the spices (12g) caused highest adult C. subinnotatus morality compared with lower ones and control. It is therefore recommended that both farmers and storeowners should adopt the use of these spices, and in higher levels in protecting stored Bambara groundnut against infestation by C. subinnotatus, as there is the added advantage of avoiding synthetic insecticides for the more environmentally friendly botanical ones.

Impregnating storage materials with neem seed oil against Callosobruchus maculatus Fabricus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) in Stored Bambara Seeds (Vigna subterranean L.) Verdcourt

72%

Ojiako F. O. , Zakka U. , Dialoke S. A. , Ahuchaogu C. E. , Nnebue O. M. , Izuogu C. P.

International Letters of Natural Sciences

2016

tom 52

Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) seed oil (NSO) is acclaimed to have some form of insecticidal action against more than 400 insect species in at least 10 to 13 orders. The main delimitating factor in the wide acceptance of this well tested plant as a storage pest bioinsecticide is its foul sulfurous smell and bitter taste which impinges on the acceptability and marketability of treated produce. To ameliorate this shortfall, therefore, an assessment of the potential of impregnating different storage materials; [plastic containers (PLC), Bagco bags (BCB), Black polyethylene bags (BPB), white polyethylene bags (WPB) and calico bags (CAB)], with NSO in the management of Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) in stored Bambara seeds (Vigna subterranea L.), was conducted in the laboratory. The experiment was laid out in a 4 x 5 factorial arrangement fitted into a completely randomized design (CRD). Factor A represented four concentrations of NSO (0.00, 0.50, 1.00, 1.50 ml/ 100g seed), while factor B were the five different storage materials. The treatments were replicated four times Generally, seeds stored with impregnated storage materials recorded more bruchids mortality, reduced oviposition rate, decreased number of emerged insects (F1 and F2) and had less damaged seeds (and hence decreased weevil perforation index, WPI) than the control. Concentration performance was dose related though the highest (1.50 %) did not differ statistically (P=0.05) from the medium (1.00 %) concentration. Seeds stored in BPBs had the highest mortalities, but recorded the lowest in number of eggs oviposited, egg/seed ratio, F1, F2 and cumulative emergence, respectively. These results differed significantly (P=0.05) with the seeds stored in other materials. BPB stored seeds were also the least damaged with lowest exit holes/seed, seeds with holes and WPI, respectively. The performance of BPB was closely followed by seeds stored in WPBs in all the parameters tested. Conversely, seeds stored in BCBs recorded the lowest mortalities but the highest in all other parameters assessed. Other storage materials (PLC and CAB) had better storage quality than BCB materials. Impregnation of storage materials with NSO could be a better option to direct seed application with its attendant drawback. The use of NSO impregnated black polyethylene bags, within the scope of the storage materials screened, to control damage by C. maculatus in stored Bambara seeds, should be encouraged.