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Enzymatic reactions in supercritical CO2

100%

Malinowski J. J. , Jarzebski A. B.

Biotechnologia

1999

nr 1

238-246

Applications of supercritical fluid technology in enzymatic biocatalysis is reviewed. The influence of the pressure, moisture level and entrainers on the performance of enzymatic reactions in supercritical CO2 are discussed.

Production and selected applications of immobilized enzymes

80%

Synowiecki J. , Wolosowska S.

Biotechnologia

2007

nr 2

7-26

The presented data explain why application of immobilized enzyme systems is advantageous in many modern industrial technologies. Also, this reviev article contains information concerning the main methods developed for enzyme immobilization, as well as characteristic, suitability and properties of different carriers used for these purposes. Furthermore, the influence of immobilization process on changes of enzyme activity, selectivity, stability, conditions of catalysed reaction and other properties important in practical applications are described. Emphasis is placed on the choice of immobilized enzyme system adequate for the designed technology.

Perspectives of biocatalysis

80%

Turkiewicz M.

Biotechnologia

2003

nr 2

316-336

The report presents the most perspective directions of recent studies within the area of applied biocatalysis that are aimed at widening of the scope of its applications in diverse fields, from the industrial chemical synthesis to health and environment protection. Both known types of natural biocatalysts and the artificial catalytic molecules derived from them have been described. Current advances in the investigations into extremophilic organisms and their unusual enzymes have been also shown. The highest attention has been focused on some sophisticated methods of the improvement of natural catalytic proteins, particularly on their directed molecular in vitro evolution. The latest methods of enzyme immobilization and reaction medium engineering that significantly increased the number of their practical applications have been also reported.

Nitryle hydrytase ? Ligot activated industrial enzyme

80%

Peplowski L. , Kubiak K. , Nowak W.

Biotechnologia

2007

nr 1

63-76

Since 1985, nitrile hydratases, metallo-enzymes present in bacteria from genus Rhodococcous, have been used for industrial production of acrylamide and related chemicals. The unique active site of both Fe- and Co-nitrile hydratases contains oxidized cysteines. Despite many efforts, details of the catalytic mechanism of activity and high selectivity remain unknown. Molecular structures, possible routes of hydration and prospects for applications of these photoactive enzymes in nanotechnology are discussed in this review.

Micellar and microemulsion systems in enzymatic catalysis

80%

Rodakiewicz-Nowak J.

Biotechnologia

2003

nr 4

47-61

Micellar and microemulsion systems in aqueous and nonaqueous phases may be used as media for biocatalytic processes, both using enzymes and whole cells. In the paper, the interactions between surfactants and enzymes, basic rules of micellar and microemulsion enzymatic catalysis and some interesting results both in aqueous and nonaqueous systems are presented.

Enzymatic modification of natural triacylglycerols and the properties of the obtained products

60%

Adamczak M.

Biotechnologia

2005

nr 1

131-151

Structured triacylglycerols (sTAG) are chemical compounds with a precisely defined chemical and stereochemical structure whose natural nutritional and physico-chemical properties have been modified. Modified TAG can be synthesized with the application of genetic engineering, physical, chemical and enzymatic methods. Due to the demand for the precisely determined structure of the resulting sTAG, their synthesis with the use of lipases is preferred. Prepared pure fatty acids or their esters, as well as synthetic monoacid triacylglycerols are necessary for sTAG synthesis. The use of such unnatural substrates requires additional processes and is cost consuming. Additionally, it can lead to loss of valuable components present in natural oils and contribute to a decrease in the oxidative stability of the resulting products. The application of naturally occurring fats or oils can considerably simplify sTAG synthesis and reduce the costs of the processes. Recently, much attention has been paid to an assessment of nutritional properties of structured triacylglycerols or acylglycerols. The aim of this article is to present the methods of sTAG synthesis, including examples of the use of naturally occurring triacylglycerols as substrates.

The supports for enzymes immobilization and their applications

60%

Lobarzewski J. , Ginalska G.

Biotechnologia

1994

nr 1

44-63

Catalysis in enzyme membrane reactors

41%

Ceynowa J.

Biotechnologia

1994

nr 1

64-80