Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Народные и апокрифические мотивы рождественского цикла, отраженные в углянских рукописях второй половины XVII века

100%

Шашерина С.

Studia Ceranea

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2014

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tom 4

209-217

EN

This paper deals with Apocryphas of the nativity cycle, particularly motives of the Three Wise Men arriving, which includes Afroditian’s legend as well, in cultural context of Transcarpatia, which is a border area between Slavia latina and Slavia byzantina. The datas for study were two cyrillic manuscripts from Ugľa monastery from the 17th century.

RU

-

2

Апокрифічні конотації Великоднього сюжету

100%

Savenko O.

Studia Polsko-Ukraińskie

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2017

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tom 4

XX

The article discusses ukrainian apocrypha, which treated of the Easter story. The material for investigation are the apocrypha, collected and published by Ivan Franko. Analysis of the apocryphal texts proving the compliance of authors to the main storyline, as recorded in the canonical gospels. The ukrainian used the apocrypha non-canonical texts, in particular Nikodim gospel and folk sources. Variations on the Easter theme adds a lot of details and images that complement the text of the canonical historical and national features. Listed on the peculiarities of the ukrainian translation of the Easter story.

3

Following Brodsky. Andrey Zvyagintsev’s Apocrypha

88%

Waligórska-Olejniczak B.

Studia Rossica Posnaniensia

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2021

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tom 46

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nr 1

235-251

EN

The article presents the study of the short film Apocrypha by Andrei Zvyagintsev. The text is aimed at the interpretation of the movie in the context of the problem of memory, which is emphasised in the selected work in the explicit and implicit visual associations with the figure and poetry of Iosif Brodsky. The recognition of these characteristic elements in the structure of Zvyagintsev’s film has the influence on the perception of its meaning, leading the culturally aware recipient towards discovering its broad interpretative potential in view of the Russian literary tradition. The study is conducted using the comparative method of analysis. The core theory which constitutes the methodological foundation of the study is Astrid Erll’s concept of cultural memory expounded as intertextuality, i.e. the continuous building up of layers of texts, which are mediated, as well as her idea of transcultural memory, defined in the first instance as a process of fluctuation between the individual and collective level of remembering. Attention is turned to the motifs, which are characteristic both for Brodsky’s and Zvyagintsev’s poetics, such as the aquatic symbolism, temporal and topographical relationships, chromatography of cold colours etc. The application of the selected methodology in the presented discussion allows for exposing the dynamics of the changing nature of culture, which becomes the container of the social and territorial fluctuations of memory.

4

John the Baptist and Fasting

75%

Olcese G.

Vox Patrum

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2023

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tom 86

35-50

EN

The Gospels passages describe John the Baptist’s ascetic behaviour in the Judean desert, eating locusts and wild honey, wearing garments made of camel hair. The food choices of St. John are analysed in comparison with the practice of nazirite, and also on the light of Eastern tradition, mostly spread in Syriac Christianity, which interpretation differs, underlining a particular form of ascetism completely characterised by vegetables. Commentaries, mostly dating back to the 4th and 5th centuries, explain the word ‘akrides’ as a particular vegetable. Furthermore, the celebration of St. John’s Eve, as a result of medieval western development, is nowadays characterized by abundance of food, in contrast, with the Gospel description of the life of the Baptist, are compared with the tradition of charivari, known since the Middle Ages.

5

Adam. Příběh prvního člověka v knize Genesis a v Koránu

75%

Mikulicová M.

Acta Universitatis Carolinae Theologica

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2014

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tom 4

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nr 1

135-151

EN

In both books Adam is presented as a prototypical man created from physical elements and endowed with divine inspiration that makes him capable of rational actions. While Genesis narrates the story of Adam from his creation to his death, stressing chronology and future development in history, the Qur’an’s rendering is fragmentary. Of vast underlying popular traditions on Adam and Eve, Genesis previews the history of God’s covenant and salvific action towards humankind while the Qur’an persists on the theme of human disobedience and God’s absolute gover- nance. Despite common themes as the createdness of man, his superiority over the rest of the creation, the complementary nature of human being as man and woman, the loss of happiness through disobedience to God’s law, the two stories differ in interpretation. While the acceptance of evil into human heart is reflected as voluntary in Genesis, the Qur’an finds excuse in the revolt of Satan who is shown in a more active role than man. Eliminating the notions of man as the image of God, and the final abolishment of evil, the Qur’an uses Adam’s story to demonstrate the principal axioms of Islamic doctrine: God must be obeyed and Satan’s lures avoided else man will not attain the Garden; Adam is a prototypal prophet, informing of these truths. Adam and Eve, according to the narration of the Book of Genesis, represent human existence in the drama of knowing evil and distress, hiding from God, and hearing his promise of future salvation that begins to unroll in their progeny.

6

Библейские образы в апокрифической литературе (на примере апокрифа „Хождение Агапия в рай”)

65%

Vorobʹeva S. N. , Selezneva L. V.

Stylistyka

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2020

|

tom 29

179-197

EN

The authors analyze the biblical images that are used in the Apocrypha The Journey of Agapius to Paradise. Apocrypha is a genre that is, as it were, on the periphery of religious discourse. This is due to the fact that they do not perform the actual liturgical functions, and, despite their religious content, belong to non-canonical works that the Church does not recognize as Sacred. Therefore, the Apocrypha is not included in the register and is not considered a rule of faith and piety for believers, like the texts of the Old and New Testaments. The authors use an allegorical way of interpreting the text. It allows revealing the symbolic meaning of the biblical images in the Apocrypha. Biblical images are an important component of religious discourse. Religious values, values of faith are transmitted through them in a direct or veiled form. The main idea of the gospel transmitted through the imagery and specific language-understanding life’s journey as the path to the Kingdom of heaven, which lies over either the monastery or through the desert, through many feats of restraint of the flesh. This formed the idea of asceticism as a form of rejection of earthly reality with its orders, temptations and delusions. The architectonics of the work is formed by the chronotope of the road. On the road the paths of different characters cross. The motive of the meeting plays a leading role in religious discourse. The Apocrypha The Journey of Agapius to Paradise is based on the seven meetings of Agapius, which are the organizational centers of the main events. The motive of the meeting intersects with the motive of the Epiphany in different guises: during the journey Agapius encounters on his way an eagle, a child, 12 Apostles, the Lord, prophet Elijah. Due to these images, the metaphorization of the way-road is filled with a new meaning (“the road to God”, “the road to Paradise”, “the path of spiritual transformation”) and its chronotopic value is expanded.

7

Imiesłowy bierne w staropolskich apokryfach. Prolegomena do dalszych badań

63%

Ziółkowska O.

Studia Językoznawcze. Synchroniczne i diachroniczne aspekty badań polszczyzny

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2021

|

tom 20

243-254

EN

The aim of this article is the reconnaissance of the literature of the subject, preliminary reference of the general knowledge to the apocryphic material, and indicating further line of research into the ways of functioning of the passive participles in the texts of the Old Polish Apocrypha of the New Testament. The construction of the passive participles was described, and particular attention was paid to disappearance of the opposition between the passive participles of the present and past tense, to nearly complete disappearance of the word formations with -m-, as well as to the change of the value of the category of voice (passive meaning of the active participles and active meaning of the passive ones) and grammatical aspect (perfective meaning of the participles build on the stems of the imperfective verbs, and vice versa). The preliminary reconnaissance of the syntactic functions of the passive participles in the apocryphic material demonstrated that in the simple (noun) inflection they perform primarily the function of centres of predication – autonomously or as predicatives in substantive predicates, while in the complex inflection primarily perform a function of an attribute, and secondarily that of a subject or complement. The issue was also raised of probable origin of the impersonal verb forms (or impersonals) as continuants of the nominative singular neuter passive participles in the simple inflection. Detailed quantitative and qualitative study was announced, also with the use of a statistical method, after subsequent stage of the grant – grammatical annotation – is realized.

PL

Artykuł ma na celu rozpoznanie literatury przedmiotu, wstępne odniesienie wiedzy ogólnej do materiału apokryficznego i wskazanie dalszych kierunków badań sposobów funkcjonowania imiesłowów biernych w tekstach staropolskich apokryfów Nowego Testamentu. Przedstawiono budowę imiesłowów biernych oraz zwrócono szczególną uwagę na zanik opozycji między imiesłowami biernymi czasu teraźniejszego i przeszłego, niemal całkowity zanik formacji na -m- oraz zmianę wartości kategorii strony (znaczenie bierne imiesłowów czynnych oraz czynne biernych) i aspektu (znaczenie dokonane imiesłowów zbudowanych na tematach czasowników niedokonanych i odwrotnie). Wstępne rozpoznanie materiału apokryficznego pod kątem funkcji składniowych imiesłowów biernych pokazało, że w odmianie prostej (rzeczownikowej) pełnią one w pierwszej kolejności funkcję ośrodków predykacji – bądź to samodzielnie, bądź jako orzeczniki w orzeczeniu imiennym, natomiast w odmianie złożonej prymarnie pełnią funkcję atrybutu, wtórnie zaś – podmiotu lub dopełnienia. Poruszono także temat prawdopodobnej genezy form bezosobowych (tzw. bezosobników) jako kontynuantów mianownika liczby pojedynczej rodzaju nijakiego imiesłowów biernych w odmianie prostej. Zapowiedziano szczegółowe badania ilościowo-jakościowe także z uwzględnieniem metody statystycznej, gdy zrealizowany zostanie kolejny etap grantu – anotacja gramatyczna.

8

Apokryfizacje renesansowe. Przykład łacińskiego poematu „De spledidissimo Christi Jesu triumpho carmen” Marcina Kromera (1512–1589)

63%

Zawadzki R. K.

Łódzkie Studia Teologiczne

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2016

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tom 25

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nr 1

225-239

EN

The article is devoted to the Latin poem De spledidissimo Christi Jesu triumpho carmen by Martin Kromer who was one of the biggest writers of the Polish Renaissance. A theme of the work is time when Jesus Christ became alive again three days after his death. The theme are also miraculous events which took place after his Resurrection. The poet is supplementing records of the Gospel, introducing into his poem the action which isn’t complicated. He is talking about guards who stood by the grave. He is also describing the reaction of the nature which expressed its sadness because of the death of the Saviour. In the context of the report on the Resurrection, the poet is referring to the figures of ancient world belonging both to mythology, as well to history. In his artistic work Kromer isn’t presenting typical Apocrypha, he proposes a different perspective, having only character of the Apocrypha.

9

Mąż Maryi – Józef w apokryfach Nowego Testamentu (cz. 2: od narodzin Jezusa w Betlejem do śmierci Józefa)

63%

Nocoń A.

Vox Patrum

|

2021

|

tom 80

37-68

EN

From rich source material concerning Joseph the husband of Mary, the author has endeavoured to gather the most important data of his “biography” (from the birth of Jesus in Bethlehem to Joseph’s death) and to present his relationship to Mary and Jesus. The major concern was discovering the image of Joseph that was present in the mindset of people of that period. The answer to this query is that the image was variegated: on the one hand Joseph is shown as a man who was just, wise, trustful and devout, and on the other hand, as someone who was torn by doubts, suspicions and fears. It may be supposed that this had a purpose. It was to show him as a normal man with virtues and weaknesses and at the same time to authenticate his sanctity and message. What was that message? Such, that even being close to God, one may experience the “dark night of the soul”: dilemmas, sufferings, temptations and situations that humanly speaking are insurmountable. Nevertheless, having complete trust in God, like saint Joseph, one may have boundless hope, that God will not abandon his servant.

PL

Z bogatego materiału badawczego dotyczącego męża Maryi – Józefa, autor starał się wydobyć najważniejsze dane dotyczące jego „biografii” (od narodzin Jezusa w Betlejem do śmierci Józefa) i przedstawić jego relacje z Maryją i z Jezusem. Chodziło o to, aby ukazać jaki obraz Józefa funkcjonował w mentalności ludzi tamtych czasów. Odpowiadając na to pytanie, można powiedzieć, że był to obraz wielobarwny: z jednej strony Józef ukazywany jest jako człowiek sprawiedliwy, mądry, ufny i pobożny, z drugiej natomiast, jako ktoś targany wątpliwościami, podejrzliwy i lękliwy. Można przypuszczać, że był to zabieg celowy, aby ukazać go jako zwykłego człowieka, z cnotami i słabościami, po to, aby uwiarygodnić jego świętość i jego przesłanie. Jakie to przesłanie? Takie, że nawet będąc blisko Boga można przeżywać „noce ducha”: rozterki, cierpienia, pokusy, sytuacje po ludzku bez wyjścia. Pokładając jednak – jak św. Józef – całkowitą ufność w Bogu, można mieć niezawodną nadzieję, że Bóg nie opuści swego sługi.

10

„Me dece ut dicam signorum nunc feritatem”. Proroctwa końca świata w późnośredniowiecznym przekazie. Dialog z tradycją

63%

Janus K.

Język. Religia. Tożsamość

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2018

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nr 2(18)2018

199-214

PL

Studium zawiera przekład wydanego ca 1505 roku hymnu średniowiecznego, w którym anonimowy autor sięga do popularnej w późnym średniowieczu legendy o piętnastu znakach poprzedzających Sąd Ostateczny. Utwór z całą pewnością po raz pierwszy „przemówił” po polsku. W tłumaczeniu zwrócono uwagę na wierność zarówno w zakresie treści, jak i formy wiersza. Interpretacja została oparta na wskazaniu możliwie najszerszej płaszczyzny intertekstualnej oraz na objaśnieniu kontekstów teologicznych i kulturowych. Zwrócono uwagę na obecność tych samych apokryficznych wątków w polskiej literaturze dawnej. Prezentowane w niniejszym szkicu teksty aktualizujące tematykę eschatologiczną wpisują się w dyskurs tożsamości religijnej.

EN

The paper presents one of the anonymous medieval hymns, in which the End of the World is emphasized. In the late Middle Ages it was an accepted belief that the end of the world would be announced by fifteen cosmic signs: The sea will rise above the mountains; it will then subside and sink into the depths of the earth; sea monsters will appear and make frightening sounds;the sea and all the rivers will burn; trees and plants will produce a blood sweat; all the buildings on earth will crumble; stones will collide and break against each other; the earth will shake; mountains will be leveled to the ground.; the living who have hidden themselves in underground shelters will rush out; the earth will vomit up the dead and their bones will come out of their tombs; the stars will fall from the heavens and the beasts will have nothing to eat; all that is living on earth will die; fire will burn sky and earth; the dead will rise to be judged by God. There is a description of these sings in the many sources: Old Testament Apokrypha, De Civitate Dei of St. Augustine, Crisias of Verecundus da Iunca, The Golden Legend written by Jacobus de Voragine and others . The author of the presented hymn makes a dialogue with the tradition and introduces the own motifs.We can also find similar description in the works of old‑Polish authors: Baltazar Opec and Stanisław Słowakowic. In the Polish translation of the hymn special attention is paid to the fidelity in relation to the original version, in respect of such literary skills as a rhyme and a metrical frame.

11

Jak buddyzm stał się religią chińską?

63%

Kosior K.

Nurt SVD

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2014

|

nr 1

262-276

PL

Autor w barwny i syntetyczny zarazem sposób opisuje poszczególne etapy adaptacji buddyzmu w Chinach. Wywodząca się z Indii religia dotarła do Państwa Środka za panowania cesarza Mingdi (28-75 r. n.e.) z dynastii Hanów. Legitymizacja buddyzmu w Chinach dokonała się w dialogu z kulturowymi standardami – zwłaszcza konfucjanizmem (religią państwową) i taoizmem (religią ludu). Stosując metodę guoyi („osiągnięcia znaczenia”) ustanowiono analogie między ideami buddyjskimi zapisanymi w sanskrycie i pojęciami występującymi w taoistycznych tekstach klasycznych Laozi i Zhuangzi oraz w Yijing. Buddyjscy misjonarze propagowali teksty dwóch klasycznych nurtów buddyzmu – mahajany i hinajany – wykazując, że wskazania ich religii nie kłócą się z oficjalnymi założeniami konfucjanizmu. W tej kwestii wielką rolę odegrali dwaj wybitni tłumacze: An Shigao i Lokakshema oraz mędrzec Dao An. Ten ostatni starał się rozwiązać problem niejednorodności buddyjskiej literatury (traktował mahajanę i hinajanę jako nurty równorzędne). W konsekwencji rozwinięto klasyfikację buddyjskiej doktryny w oparciu o metodę ban jiao („odróżnienie nauk”). Na tej podstawie określano czas i miejsce ogłoszenia znaczących sutr w trakcie ziemskiej wędrówki Buddy: miał on rozpoczynać od sutr hinajanistycznych, następnie rozwijać bardziej zaawansowaną naukę i kończyć na mahajanistycznej sutrze Mahaparinirwany (Daban niepan jing). Dynamiczny rozwój buddyjskich wspólnot monastycznych stał się wyznacznikiem definitywnej legitymizacji nowej religii w Chinach.

EN

The present author, in a colourful and at the same time synthetic way, describes the various stages of the adaptation of Buddhism in China. The originating from India religion reached the Middle Kingdom during the reign of the Emperor Mingdi (28-75 AD) of the Han Dynasty. The legitimacy of the Buddhism in China took place through dialogue with the cultural standards – especially Confucianism (the state religion) and Taoism (the religion of the people). Using the guoyi method (“achieving significance”) parallels were established between the Buddhist ideas enshrined in the Sanskrit and the Taoist concepts appearing in classical texts by Laozi and Zhuangzi as well as in Ching. Buddhist missionaries preached the classic texts of the two strands of Buddhism – Mahayana and Hinayana – showing that the indications of their religion do not conflict with the official assumptions of Confucianism. In this regard, a major role was played by two eminent translators: An Shigao and Lokakshema as well as a sage named Dao An. The latter tried to solve the problem of heterogeneity of the Buddhist literature (he treated Mahayana and Hinayana as equivalent currents). As a consequence, the classification of the Buddhist doctrine was developed, basing on the ban jiao (“the distinguishing of sciences”) method. On this basis the time and place to announce significant sutras during the earthly journey of Buddha was determined: he was supposed to begin with Hinayana sutras, then develop to a more advanced study and end with the Mahayana sutra of Mahaparinirvana (Daban niepan jing). The dynamic development of Buddhist monastic communities became a definitive indicator of the legitimacy of the new religion in China.

12

Koran a tradycje religijne „ludzi Księgi”

63%

Modras K.

Roczniki Kulturoznawcze

|

2013

|

tom 4

|

nr 3

005-030

EN

A comparative study of the Qur'an proves a similarity in its contents with the earlier religious texts of the “People of the Book”, that means the Jews and the Christians. An analysis of these parallelisms shows also some differences between them and does not allow to consider the Qur'an as a simple compilation of earlier Scriptures. Muslims recognize that one Word of God is revealed in them by stages in different periods of humanity. God's truth contained in them has been corrupted, so that a new and perfect revelation was necessary, that of the Qur'an, to purify the previous Scriptures from falsehood. The belief in one God is the truth uniting all the revelations. No partners should be set up with Him, but everyone must bow to His Will. The purpose of the Qur'an is to show the hidden meaning of the ancient Scriptures, so that they become an instructive example for “men endued with understanding”. It is the belief in one God, the warning of punishment for the disbelievers and the announcement of the good news to the followers of the right path indicated by God in His final revelation.

13

Maryja w apokryfach Starego Testamentu

51%

Longosz S.

Vox Patrum

|

2006

|

tom 49

357-366

EN

Hac in dissertatiuncula, quae duobus partibus constat, primum fusius veritates de Maria (imprimis eiusdem virginitas) in apocryphis Veteris Testamenti, qui mariales a nonnulis vocantur (Testamentum X II Patriarcharum, Ascensio Isaiae, Odae Salomonis, Oracula Sibyllina) exponuntur, deinde influxus apocryphorum Veteris et Novi Testamenti generaliter in mariologiam catholicam constituendam concise demonstratur.

14

Apokryficzne przedstawienie śmierci św. Józefa na obrazie z kościoła parafialnego w Burgrabicach

51%

Wierna R.

|

tom 46

579-587

EN

In der Apostel Bartholomaus-Pfarrkirche in Borkendorf befindet sich das Bild gemalt vom órtlichen Maler August Ronge (1828-1920). Das Gemalde stellt die Szene des Todes des heiligen Joseph dar, das auf Grund des aus dem IV.-VII. Jh. stammenden Apokryphs Die Legende gemalt worden ist. Laut dieser Legende starb hl. Joseph im Beisein von Jesus und Jungfrau Maria. Die Verfasserin des Aufsatzes stellt die Geschichte des Bildes dar und fiihrt seine ikonographische Analyse durch, die den tiefen theologischen Inhalt der kiinstlerischen Darstellung entdeckt.

15

Ojcowie Kościoła i manichejczycy wobec apokryfów na tle kryzysu pryscyliańskiego

51%

Sordyl K.

Vox Patrum

|

2013

|

tom 60

275-288

EN

In the Church of the first centuries some Fathers of the Church used the Apocrypha. But, the general tendency, which we can notice in the fourth century theology, is resignation from using them. It was connected, among other things, with creating the biblical canon. In Priscillian’s opinion, it is allowed to use the Apocrypha. The bishop of Avila propagating the right to use them contributed to spreading them, especially in Spain and Mediterranean Gaul. Priscillian was favourable to these texts, but careful, and so were some of the Fathers of the Church. In spite of it, it was reading the Apocrypha that contributed to accusing him of Manichaeism and Gnosticism. Mani and his followers also took advantage of the Apocrypha using novel extracts in which a fight for purity dominates and characters’ indomitability is shown. The anti-Priscillian literature unanimously condemned reading the Apocrypha by Priscillianists. The synod in Toledo does it as well as the first synod in Braga, the popes Innocent I and Leon the Great and the writers Augustinian, Orosius, Turibius. The Priscillianists refering to the Apocrypha created sabellian conception of the Holy Trinity. Various texts presumably edited by the Priscillianists (Monarchiani Prologues, The Revelation of St. Thomas, Pseudo-Titus Letter) contain references to the Apocrypha. It should be noticed that the Priscillianist exegetic principle was to explain canon books by means of other texts. Besides, D. de Bruyne presents the Apocrypha ascribed to the Priscillianists; this collection comprises the following texts: Collectio de diversis sententiis, Apocalypsis, Sermo S. Augustini Episcopi, Homilia de die iudicii, De parabolis Salomonis, Liber ,,canon in Ebreica” Hieronymi presbyteri. He also made an attempt to establish a probable list of the Apocrypha which the Priscillian community might have used.

16

Authority and Canonicity of the Book of Tobit

51%

Wojciechowski M.

The Biblical Annals

|

2014

|

tom 4

|

nr 2

381-395

PL

Judaism has never recognized Tobit as a canonical book, perhaps because of its roots in the northern Israel. Its reflections in the New Testament are scarce. Ancient Christian witnesses are usually favorable to the canonicity of the book of Tobit. It is present in many ancient biblical manuscripts (a, B, A, more then 30 minuscules). It was quoted by at least 79 authors, by many as Scripture. Some canon lists include it, other ones does not – when they are influenced by the Jewish canon. Some authors who failed to list Tobit in the canon have quoted it as Scripture. Accordingly, arguments for the canonicity prevail. Later ages accepted Tobit as canonical book. Protestants, despite some initial positive interest, have eliminated it. Tobit is canonical in the Catholic and Orthodox Churches. It contains valuable teachings, especially on family and marriage – it is the only biblical book concentrated on these subjects.

17

Daughters in the Deuterocanonical Books of the Old Testament

38%

Wojciechowski M.

Verbum Vitae

|

2020

|

tom 37

|

nr 2

297-310

EN

The instances where daughters are mentioned in the Greek books of the Old Testament are not numerous. They are interesting, however, and deserving of exegesis and interpretation. In Tobit and Ben Sira their relationship to fathers are stressed and this aspect is of importance, whether those relationships are good or strained. If the texts are compared with the Hebrew Bible, more light is thrown on the personalities of the daughters, and they are valued more highly. Some influence of the Greek civilization can be presupposed here. A link with the Mediterranean culture of honor and shame can also be traced, especially in Ben Sira.