Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Determination of antibacterial activity of ethanolic and aqueous stem extracts of Ocimum gratissimum (African basil) against common bacteria

100%

Mohammadbasheer F. O. , Ahmad H. K.

World News of Natural Sciences

|

2024

|

tom 53

108-119

EN

ABSTRACT The Lamiaceae plant species Ocimum gratissimum is the subject of this experiment. Three common pathogenic bacteria were used to test the antibacterial activity of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the stem of Ocimum gratissimum. They underwent tests against Shigella species, Salmonella enterica, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Each extract was evaluated for its antibacterial properties, minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC), and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The plant extracts were given at various concentrations of 250 mg/mL, 125 mg/mL, 61.5 mg/mL, and 31.2 mg/mL in order to assess their antibacterial activities against the chosen bacteria using the agar well diffusion method. The outcomes demonstrated that while both plant stem extracts inhibited the organisms, the ethanolic stem extract was superior to the aqueous counterpart in terms of its effectiveness. The range of the minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) was 3.96 mg/mL to 31.25 mg/mL. The results of this investigation demonstrate that the stems of Ocimum gratissimum possess antibacterial properties on par with those of the plant's leaves. The low minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) further suggest a potent antibacterial action against the pathogens, especially when it comes to the ethanol extracts. As a result, Ocimum gratissimum extracts may be utilized to treat infections linked to the test organisms, establishing the plant's status as a natural antibiotic and a necessary ingredient in pharmaceutical manufacturing.

2

Synthesis and in vitro antimicrobial evaluation of amine substituted s-triazine based thiazolidinone/chalcone hybrids

88%

Shah D. R. , Lakum H. P. , Chikhalia K. H.

International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy

|

2014

|

tom Vol. 17, iss. 2

207--219

EN

In an attempt to control multidrug resistant dilemma, a library of s-triazine based on two novel series of thiazolidinone (4a-e) and chalcone (7a-e) derivatives were designed and synthesized with simple and efficient etiquette. The newly synthesized compounds were studied for efficacy against several bacteria (Staphylococcus Aureus, Bacillus Cereus, Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Klebsiella Pneumoniae,) and fungi (Candida Albicans, Aspergillus Clavatus) using the broth dilution technique. Compound 7d was the best bioactive desired antibacterial analogue with less MIC value against different tested strains. Results of bioassay study revealed the future hope of the potent drug-candidate based on s-triazine scaffold. All the final synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, mass and elemental analysis.

3

Comparative Anti-Bacterial Effect of Aqueous and Ethanolic Stem Barks of Tamarindus indica Linn on Staphylococcus aureus

88%

Boyi D. I. , Sani L. A.

World News of Natural Sciences

|

2024

|

tom 55

1-15

EN

This study focuses on Tamarindus indica, a plant belonging to family Fabaceae commonly found in Nigeria and the Asian continent, and explores the potential comparative antibacterial activity of its aqueous and ethanolic stem barks against Staphylococcus aureus, a Gram-positive bacterium. The stem barks of Tamarindus indica were obtained from a live Tamarind tree located at Bayero university Kano, old campus, was dried under shade away from direct sunlight in the laboratory, pounded to fine powder using mortar and pestle and extracted through maceration method using distilled water and ethanol solvents. Phytochemical analysis was carried out following standard procedures and it revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, phenols, terpenoids, steroids, glycosides, and carbohydrates in the extracts. Agar well diffusion method was employed to assess the antibacterial activity. The results showed the aqueous extracts exhibited bigger zones of inhibition compared to the ethanol extracts. Furthermore, the lowest MIC was 15.625 mg/ml for ethanolic Stem bark extract revealing how effective the stem bark ethanol extracts were in combating the bacteria. The study demonstrated that Tamarindus indica stem barks possesses antibacterial properties which may be attributed to the presence of bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and phenols and highlights the potential of Tamarindus indica as an affordable and accessible natural remedy against Staphylococcus aureus infections and diseases.

4

Extraction, Physico-Chemical Characterization and Antimicrobial Screening of the Muscle Lipid of Cuttle Fish (Sepia esculenta) of the Bay of Bengal

88%

Al-Amin M. , Uddin M. H. , Afrin A. , Nath K. B. , Barua S.

International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy

|

2014

|

tom Vol. 17, iss. 1

87--97

EN

Lipid was extracted from the muscle of Cuttle fish by solvent extraction method and then purified by suitable conventional method. Various physical constants e.g. refractive index, viscosity, specific gravity, crude fat, crude fibre and ash contents and chemical parameters e.g. saponification value, saponification equivalent value, acid value, iodine value, acetyl value, peroxide value, thiocyanogen value, Reichert-Meissl value, Polenske value, Henher value, cholesterol content etc. of the lipid sample have been determined and compared with those of different standard oils. Fatty acids composition of the sample was investigated by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) method. The muscle lipid of Cuttle fish was found to contain palmitic acid, stearic acid, linolenic acid and erucic acid respectively with some other unknown fatty acids. Antimicrobial activities of the lipid were tested by standard method and found moderate to potential antibiotic and antifungal property in this lipid. The lipid containing muscle of Cuttle fish was analyzed quantitatively for the determination of percentages of protein and minerals (N, P, K, Ca) contents by modified Kjeldahl method.

5

Prevalence and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Shigella and Salmonella Causing Diarrhoea in Children Below 5 Years at Thika Level Five District Hospital

88%

Kibet S. C. , Matiru V. N. , Kibaba P. W. , Mucheke A. , Louis H.

World News of Natural Sciences

|

2017

|

tom 11

28-36

EN

The aim of the study was to isolate and identify the extent of Salmonella and Shigella induced diarrhoea in children under five and to determine their antibacterial susceptibility patterns. The method of investigation was a cross-sectional study. Samples were collected from children less than five years old afflicted with diarrhoea coming for treatment at Thika Level Five Hospital, Kiambu County. A total of 80 stool samples were collected. These were specifically examined for Shigella and Salmonella. In doing so, the samples were cultured in MacConkey and Xylose lactose deoxycholate (XLD) agar. The plates were subsequently incubated aerobically at 37 °C overnight. After incubation, suspected Salmonella and Shigella colonies were identified morphologically, marked and the colonies inoculated to biochemical tests for species identification as described in the Medical Laboratory Manual. Following this, colonies derived from purity plating through biochemical testing were sub-cultured onto nutrient agar to obtain pure colonies. The obtained pure colonies were then used to perform susceptibility tests to commonly prescribed antibacterial drugs, including Gentamicin, Ciproflaxicin and Erythromycin. Results showed 10 (12.5%) confirmed positive isolates, where 6 (60%) were Salmonella and 4 (40%) Shigella. With respect to age, both isolates were found to be concentrated more at ages of 1-4 years. Herein, Salmonella – 1-2 years (33.33%), - 2-3years (50%); Shigella – 1-2 years (50%), - 2-3 years (25%). From the study, sex distribution (male or female) of the host isolates was equal (50-50%). Moreover, Ciprofloxacin and Gentamycin were the most potent antibiotics, whereas Ampicillin, Erythromycin, Cotrimoxazole and Sulfamethoxazole were highly resisted. According to study results, Quinolones and Aminogylcosides are the antibiotics of choice for severe diarrhoea illnesses caused by Salmonella and Shigella.

6

Vibration electrospinning of Polyamide-66/Multiwall Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposite: introducing electrically conductive, ultraviolet blocking and antibacterial properties

75%

Zohoori S. , Latifi M. , Davodiroknabadi A. , Mirjalili M.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

|

2017

|

tom Vol. 19, nr 3

56--60

EN

Fabrication of electro-conductive fiber is a novel process. Nanocomposites of multiwall carbon nanotube/polyamide66 were produced by electrospinning with different amounts of multiwall carbon nanotube. Field emission scanning electron microscope and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of samples proved the existence of multiwall carbon nanotube distribution in polyamide 66 nanofibers. Results showed that electro conductivity of electrospun multiwall carbon nanotube/polyamide 66 nano fiber has increased in comparison with electrospun polyamide 66. Moreover, UV blocking of samples was investigated which has shown that using multiwall carbon nanotube in polyamide 66 increases UV blocking of fibers. Furthermore, anti-bacterial activity of nanocomposite showed that these nanocomposites have antibacterial property against both Staphylococcus Aureus and Escherichia Coli bacteria according to AATCC test method.