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Heavy Metal Contamination of Soils and Vegetation around Automobile Workshops in Owerri Metropolis

100%

Enete U. O. , Ekwuonu A. M. , Osunwa C. P.

tom 40

65-85

The heavy metal contamination of soils and vegetation around automobile workshops in Orji, Alaba Market, Nekede, akwakuma, Naze and Egbu in Owerri, Imo State were investigated using standard methods of chemical analysis and the results revealed that the automobiles workshops in Orji has the highest metal contamination of Cadmium, Zinc and Nickel with values of 0.0225±0.01 mg/kg, 1.3852±1.17 mg/kg and 0.1940±0.64 mg/kg respectively. While Akwakuma has the least metal contamination of Cadmium and Nickel with 0.0038±0.2 mg/kg and 0.0290±0.00 mg/kg respectively. Egbu has the least contamination of Zinc with 0.2455±0.11 kg/mg. The results also revealed that Nekede, Alaba Market, Egbu and Akwakuma have the highest metal contaminations of lead, Chromium, manganese and Iron with values of 0.5100 ±0.15 mg/kg, 0.1963±0.05 mg/kg, 0.4114±0.53 and 27.3597±0.54 mg/kg respectively while Alaba Market, Egbu, Akwakuma and Nekede automobile workshops have the least contaminations of lead, chromium, Manganese and Iron with values of 0.1056±0.08 mg/kg, 0.0374±0.05 mg/kg, 0.0698±0.01 mg/kg and 5.2916±1.09 mg/kg respectively. 0.1536±0.06 mg/kg of Copper was only detected in Nekede while Cadmium was not detected in Nekede and Orji automobile workshops. The observed amount of the metals in the soil samples could be attributed to the engineering activities going on at the auto mechanic workshop area since Zn is used as an additive in most auto lubricants. These contaminants if not properly controlled, could have adverse effect on the environment and as such, government and other relevant agencies should enact a legislature that will control and ensure that these metal pollutions do not constitute threat to human lives.

Comparative evaluation of the nutrient composition and phytochemical content of selected vegetables consumed in Nigeria

80%

Ukom A. N. , Obi J. A.

International Letters of Natural Sciences

2018

tom 71

This study evaluated the phytochemical and nutrient composition of four selected vegetables consumed in Nigeria, namely, bush mallow (ahihara), garden egg leaf (okpokwa), African spinach (inine), and bush okro (ewedu). They were analyzed for proximate, minerals, vitamins and phytochemical contents. Proximate values maintained the following ranges: moisture 6.73% to 91.22%, protein 7.05% to 32.12%, crude fiber 2.75% to 6.36%, ether extract 3.15% to 6.81%, ash content 2.81% to 6.81% and carbohydrate 48.75% to 72.62%, while energy value ranged from 340.54kcal to 363.07kcal. The vitamin content for these vegetables ranged as follows: vitamin A 0.13.mg/100g to 370.64mg/100g, thiamin (vit B₁) 3.12mg/100g to 7.45mg/100g, riboflavin (vit B₂) 0.08mg/100g to 3.96mg/100g, vitamin B₃ (niacin) 0.17mg/100g to 1.91mg/100g, and vitamin C 39.84mg/100g to 98.75mg/100g. The mineral content, namely, calcium ranged from 45.61mg/100g to 430.69mg/100g, magnesium 11.05mg/100g to 198.14mg/100g, potassium 49.82mg/100g to 708.28mg/100g, sodium 2.36mg/100g to 22.98mg/100g. Also the phytochemical content of the vegetables for phytate ranged from 0.47mg/100g to 3.04 mg/100g, tannin from 0.10 mg/100g to 1.01 mg/100g, saponin from 0.16 mg/100g to 2.56 mg/100g and oxalate from 0.63 mg/100g to 0.72 mg/100g. Result obtained from these vegetables show that they can contribute qualitatively to the nutritional need of the Nigerian population, especially among the rural dweller where vegetables are major food source.

Analysis of ferritin-type proteins in the hepatopancreas of Baltic blue mussel [Mytilus trossulus]

80%

Kozuch J. , Pempkowiak J. , Kupryszewski G. , Mucha P. , Rekowski P. , Smol J.

nr 2