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KARIERA KS. JÓZEFA KAZIMIERZA KOSSAKOWSKIEGO PO UPADKU KONFEDERACJI BARSKIEJ

100%

Michaluk K.

nr 2

147 - 163

Józef Kazimierz Kossakowski was a one of most interesting representives of catholic Church in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the end of XVIIIth century. Bishop and progressive author of literature, finished as traitor to hanged on the gibbet in times of Kościuszkoʼs insurgency. For recognise of his career itʼs necessary analyzing itʼs between 1772 and 1781, after the fall of the Bar Confederation. During that time developed political goals of churchman and his economic status; in this period also he became one of the most commit-ted collaborators of Otto von Stackelberg, russian ambassador.

Obraz pasterzy w staropolskich kolędach i pastorałkach (na materiale tzw. „Kantyczek karmelitańskich” z XVII i XVIII wieku). Cz. II

88%

Borejszo M.

2013

nr 70/1

21-34

This article is an attempt at reconstructing the image reflected in Old Polish Christmas carols of the activities pursued by shepherds following the news of the Saviour’s birth. The analysed material comes from the so-called “Carmelite Canticles” written in the 18th century for the Krakow female Carmelites. The research results suggest that a large part of the stories included in the Carmelite manuscripts of Christmas carols were modelled on the compositional structure of a classic Polish Christmas carol. This consisted of three elements: 1) the angels notifying the shepherds that the Saviour was born; 2) the confusion among the awoken shepherds, their preparations for leaving and the trip to Bethlehem; 3) paying homage to the Infant Jesus on arrival, presenting their gifts, shared celebrations at the manger and the shepherds’ return home. The analysed works demonstrate that the described events bear a strong Polish touch. In old Polish carols the shepherds were presented as a group of impoverished yet well-organized members of a rural society, capable of rational decisions and specific activities in unaccustomed circumstances. Special attention should be paid to the hierarchy among shepherds; it favoured the elder and best educated individuals, collective decision-making and care for all members of the shepherding community, including those less physically fit. The image of the shepherds preserved in the carols is very realistic, diversified and dynamic. Their quite detailed descriptions give an indication of how the poor lived in Polish villages of the 17th and 18th centuries and how well these communities were organized.

Jean Emmanuel Gilibert i Francuzi w Polsce i na Litwie w latach 1770-1780

88%

Beauvois D.

nr 1

7-16

The author is trying to remind us of great role of French culture and French people in spreading the ideas of Enlightenment in Poland. Common use of French language in high societies in 18th century and excellent knowledge of books from Paris created favourite conditions for contacts of Poland with France. The best evidence of common culture of Enlightenment was the Commission of National Education (KEN) and the deep social changes. The direct contacts of French thinkers, writers and scientists with Poland also caused the changes of horizons of aristocracy and gentry. We will remind the main animators of this movement followed A. Jobert. J.E. Gilibert takes a very important place among the animators of Enlightenment. Author intends to present the phases of knowing him, generally mentioning the main conclusions of many research on Gilibert. At the same time author leaves to next speakers a detailed analyze of Gilbert’s contribution to the development of Polish science

Эпоха i асоба ва ўспамiнах Францiшка Карпiнскага «Гiсторыя майго веку i людзей, з якiмi я жыў»

51%

Шаўчэнка Г.

Białorutenistyka Białostocka

2016

tom 8

Artykuł został poświęcony pamiętnikom „Historia mojego wieku i ludzi, z którymi żyłem” Franciszka Karpińskiego (1741–1825), polskiego pisarza, poety i dramaturga. Omówiono w nim historię pisania i wydania utworu, zbadano nowatorski charakter gatunku wyrażający się w sposobach odzwierciedlania życia człowieka w określonych warunkach historycznych, przeanalizowano tematykę i problematykę pamiętników, zwrócono również uwagę na oświeceniowo-sentymentalne cechy stylu pisarza.

The article is devoted to the memoirs “The history of my century and people who I lived with” by Frantsishek Karpinsky (1741–1825) – Polish writer, poet and playwright. The author of the article examines the process of writing and publishing the work, studies its genre innovation in the methods of describing a person’s spiritual life in real historic circumstances, analyzes the subjects and problems of memories. The attention is also paid to peculiarities of the writer’s style connected with the Age of Enlightenment.