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VYBRANÉ VOJENSKO-HISTORICKÉ SÚVISLOSTI TZV. PREŠOVSKEJ VZBURY

100%

Chorvát P.

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tom 26

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nr 4

30 - 45

EN

In the present study, the author focuses on selected military-historical contexts of the tragic events, known in the historical sphere as the so-called Prešov Revolt. In particular, this was the revolt of the Austro-Hungarian Army reserve units, which took place in Prešov from the night of the 31st October to the 1st November 1918. The aforementioned revolt was subsequently brought to an end by the intervention of the called-in assistance units and the mass execution of 43 people in the centre of the town. In this context, the author is interested only in the return of the reserve battalion of Infantry Regiment 67 to Prešov in 1918, the issue of the deployment and activities of the local military garrison in the period in question, the position of the revolt among other similar turning points in the reserve units of the Austro-Hungarian Army, and also the situation in the civilian sector. The author’s effort was to bring some new information, or the context of the so-called Prešov Revolt, and at the same time to draw the attention of researchers to other potential research directions.

2

PÔSOBENIE FRIDRICHA MAŤAŠOVSKÉHO V SLUŽBE V RAKÚSKO-UHORSKEJ ARMÁDE V ROKOCH PRVEJ SVETOVEJ VOJNY

100%

Vrábel F.

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tom 25

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nr 4

76 - 89

EN

By chance, the originally handwritten and later typewritten memoirs of the Austro-Hungarian soldier Fridrich/Fritz Mattyasovszky/Matiašovsky were saved from the waste paper collection in Ružomberok. The material is bound into a book of 518 numbered pages and captures Mattyasovszky‘s stories and reflections from his mobilisation in August 1914, fighting on the Eastern Front, followed by Transylvania, Romania and Alsace until his return back home. The last entry is from 23 August 1919 (however, transcribed on a typewriter only from 10 January to 14 March 1938). Mattyasovszky‘s memoirs are relatively fresh and valuable also due to the fact that he was recording his experiences continuously, supplementing them not only with his own illustrations, but also with contemporary photographs and postcards. After returning to his home village, Malá Udiča (today‘s Udiča, district of Považská Bystrica) he worked as a teacher.

3

BOJOVÁ ČINNOSŤ 71. PEŠIEHO PLUKU NA SOČSKOM FRONTE. OBRANA KOSTANJEVICE

100%

Vavruš J.

Vojenská história

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2024

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tom 28

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nr 2

93 – 136

EN

The author has chronologically reconstructed and translated the original German text of the war diary of the 71st Infantry Regiment for the period from November 4, 1916, to February 13, 1917, into Slovak. The critical situation on the front, prompted by the 9th Sochi offensive, necessitated the transfer of the regiment from the Russian to the Italian front. This journey took 2.5 days; upon arrival, the regiment was immediately deployed to the frontline. Equipped with 13 machine guns, it achieved fire superiority in the defence of Kostanjevica na Krasu. The Italian advance was halted, the front stabilized, and the regiment was relieved after two days. In the subsequent months, it conducted three ambush operations. The paper includes archived battle sketches, proposals for awards (Adamica, Turanec, Dzurek), and reports on the ambushes (Schariczer, Šarić). The war diary describes the tactics of deep defence within the divisional section, the rotation of units, and the relocation of reserves. The author cross-references this information with the memoirs of Jozef Turanec.

4

POLES IN THE AUSTRIAN OFFICER CORPS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY (Polacy w korpusie oficerskim armii austriackiej w pierwszej polowie XIX wieku)

100%

Baczkowski M.

Studia Historyczne

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2010

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tom 53

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nr 3(211)

267-284

EN

After the partitions of Poland a few million Poles were added to the population of Austria–Hungary. Between 1790 and 1815 the Austrian authorities made repeated attempts to recruit Polish volunteers, especially those of gentry stock, many of whom were to be promoted to officer rank. The greatest number of Polish officers served in the Uhlan regiments (there were four of them at that time). The infantry was far less popular with the Poles, while artillery and the engineer corps attracted very few of them. The Napoleonic wars made the prospect of a speedy career a tangible reality; later, however, as promotions were blocked, the stream of volunteers dried up. It was not until the 1830s that the number of officers of Polish background started to rise. Another increase of the Polish contingent in the officer corps was recorded in the latter half of the 1840s. Few Poles in the Austrian military were promoted beyond the rank of NCOs. It was rare to find a Pole in command of a brigade, and exceptionally rare for a Pole to attain the rank of general. The Poles were usually hindered on their upward climb by inadequate educational qualifications, language, and generally low status of the Polish gentry in the Habsburg monarchy. In the period under consideration the most spectacular career was that of Karol Gorzkowski who became a general of cavalry. Other notable careers belonged to Feldmarschall-Lieutenants Feliks and Edward Wojna and General-Major Antoni Tarnowski. A few Poles made it to the rank of brigade commander. On the whole, it seems that the second half of the 19th century saw a much greater interest among the Poles in a military career in the Austrian military.