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1 Śląskie Sprawozdania Archeologiczne

1 2011

1 Lisowska E.

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Badania eksploatacji łupków łyszczykowych w Kamieńcu Ząbkowickim

100%

Lisowska E.

Śląskie Sprawozdania Archeologiczne

2011

tom 53

131-150

The aim of archaeological excavation of site no. 36 at Kamieniec Ząbkowicki, distr. Ząbkowice, made 6.07.2009-31.07.2009 was to confirm whether it was a site of extraction of mica schist, especially, during the early medieval period. The site was selected for testing for a number of reasons. One of them was that local manufacture of quernstones from mica schist was confirmed by finds from the nearby site Kamieniec Ząbkowicki 3. This early medieval (ninth century) settlement, investigated in 1983 and in the 1990s, yielded finds of quernstones and their rough-outs made of mica schist. A field reconnaissance and analysis of geological maps identified Krzyżowa Góra (Mount) as the nearest outcrop of mica schist, if measured in a straight line from the early medieval settlement. The second reason for making the study were traces of mining and working stone observed in Krzyżowa Góra. These include: a fragment of a quernstone not separated from the rock substrate, numerous holes drilled in the rock, marks left by wedges, drills, cut-marks in the rock. The study confirmed that the outcrop of mica schist was indeed mined in the past. No evidence of early medieval extraction and stoneworking was obtained, only of late and post-medieval activity of this sort. Even so, basing on comparative petrographic analyses of samples from the stone quarry and from quernstones originating from the ninth century settlement we can confirm that mica schist was mined also during the early medieval period, even though no finds dating from this period survived in the stone quarry. During the sixteenth-eighteenth century the quarry was used as a source of building stone. This form of use places the site in the category of local quarries, worked for short periods of time according to the need.