Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

REMINISCENCES OF THE PAST. THE LITERARY SILHOUETTE OF LEONID KANNEGISER

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Salajczyk J.

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2005

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tom 54

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nr 3

387-400

EN

The authoress investigates literary texts which present a young poet of 'the silver age', Leonid Kannegiser, remembered in history as 'the killer of Uritskii'. He appeared chiefly in the works of emigrant writers (Mark Aldanov, Georgii Ivanov, Georgii Adamovich, Marina Tsvetaeva). In Russia only Yury Davidov introduced him in his last novel, 'Bestseller' (1999). The texts referred to belong to a variety of genres. Aldanov's work 'Ubiistvo Uritskogo', is mainly fact-collecting, but there are also many psychological observations which enrich its cognitive aspect. Ivanov's 'Peterburgskie zimy' and Tsvetaeva's 'Nezdeshni vecher' disclose their character of memoirs, being highly personal accounts of events, of the meetings with people, of the historical process. 'Bestseller' by Davidov is a historical novel of multiple subplots. The attack on Uritskii and the fate of Kannegiser function here in the broader context of anti-Semitic tendencies before and after the October Revolution. In all the texts, Leonid Kannegiser is presented as a man of complex personality, who - in a spectacular and unexpected way - staged a demonstration against violence used by the new Bolshevik authorities.

2

Historische Formen der Judenfeindschaft als Unterrichtsgegenstand. Ziele und didaktische Entscheidungen

100%

Kaiser W.

Politeja : Pismo Wydziału Studiów Miedzynarodowych i Politycznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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2010

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nr 2(14)

549-558

EN

The Polish Foundation Forum for Dialogue among Nations results of a study described recently published, which will provide information on what approaches to teaching against of anti-Semitism are successful and which one is not Progress can be hoped for, so what can actually promote anti-Semitism.

3

ANTI-SEMITISM: AN INDIVIDUAL ATTITUDE OR A CULTURAL NORM?

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Sekerdej M.

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2008

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tom 52

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nr 2

157-175

EN

This article considers the phenomenon of social stereotypes and whether they can be measured, analysed and interpreted, using the stereotypes adopted for Jews in Poland. The stereotype is presented as complex concept which has many aspects at the structural, functional and operational levels. In all these aspects of particular importance is the differentiation between individual convictions and the collective stereotype which normally partly reflects the rules prevailing in a given community. This differentiation can be observed in the phenomenon of anti-semitism which seems to rather more completely function at the collective/national level, while at the individual level it virtually disappears - which is illustrated in the literature discussed on the subject. This phenomenon is also discussed from a psychological, historic and social point of view.

4

Neues Unterrichtsmaterial zum aktuellen Antisemitismus

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Wetzel J.

Politeja : Pismo Wydziału Studiów Miedzynarodowych i Politycznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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2010

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nr 2(14)

609-616

EN

Students are part of a society in which traditional anti-Semitic stereotypes today on the state of Israel and his government are projected. The lack of mediation of cognitive knowledge about the current anti-Semitism in schools and education increases the willingness to such stereotypes uncritically and to take any further. Conspiracy theories about the alleged complicity of Jews at least since the devastating events are 11th September again in 2001 at a premium.

5

THE FIGURE OF THE BLOODSUCKER IN POLISH RELIGIOUS, NATIONAL AND LEFT-WING DISCOURSE, 1945/1946: A HISTORICAL ANTHROPOLOGY STUDY (Figura krwiopijcy w dyskursie religijnym, narodowym i lewicowym Polski roku 1945/1946. Studium z antropologii historyczne

100%

Tokarska–Bakir J.

Sprawy Narodowościowe

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2010

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nr 37

19-47

EN

Despite the fact that after 1945 all anti-Jewish pogroms in Poland (except one) were given a blood label—a rumor about Jewish murderers of Polish children—this fact has not attracted the attention of historians until recently. Conspiracy theories, however, were a lot more popular and noted that the pogroms had been provoked by ‘Soviet advisers' or ‘syonists.' The author of this essay argues that participants of anti-Semitic violence, the assailants as well as policemen, prosecutors, and judges involved in controlling the events – though they represented a variety of different political approaches – were all united by a common socio-mental formation, and remained united by a figure of the Jew as bloodsucker (this mystic figure is described here according to Mary Douglas). Many of them, security and secret services functionaries included, succumbed to a suggested blood libel. Moreover, some traces of blood libel are still present in Poland, not only as folk beliefs (cf. the research conducted under the present author's direction in Sandomierz). The essay's aim is to present a structural background of slow growing ‘Polish national socialism' on the one hand and old anti-Jewish resentments on the other, as both were a ground for a specific anti-Jewish alliance in the first period after World War II. Thus, the author claims that a synthesis of religious antiSemitism (‘Jew–kidnapper–bloodsucker'), modern anti-Semitism (‘Jew–capitalist– –bloodsucker') and the ‘Judeo-communists' occurred in Poland, which crippled a healthy body of the nation and the communist party. The essay is based on, inter alia, letters intercepted by the censorship in 1946, the reports made by some anti-communist underground fighters, a number of memories and documents of communist secret services officers, as well as documents accumulated in the course of investigations held by the authorities after the pogroms of 1945 and 1946.

6

The Egyptian current of Greek anti-Semitic literature

100%

Kopeczky R.

Antik Tanulmanyok (Studia Antiqua)

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2005

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tom 49

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nr 1/2

173-196

EN

The Jewish people came into view of the Greek world in the time of Alexander the Great. The Greeks fitted the newly discovered people into the notion of 'barbarian philosophy'. In Ptolemaic Egypt, Jews and Greeks could live side by side without serious problems. Neither can anti-Semitism be discovered in the literature of the age, aside from a few commonplaces. The beginnings of 'Greek anti-Semitic literature' are mostly connected to Egyptian priestly circles. In the works of Hellenized authors coming from these circles, there appear some motifs of a tradition of ancient religious conflicts between Egyptians and Jews. Apion is the author in whose work the threads of Greek discourse of barbarism, of the Egyptian inversion of the Exodus narrative, and of daily political tensions between Jews and Greeks can be traced.

7

UNIVERSALITY OF ANTI-SEMITISM AND THE UNIQUENESS OF HOLOCAUST: SLOVAKIA AS A CASE STUDY

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Klamková H.

Historický časopis (Historical Journal)

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2010

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tom 58

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nr suppl. issue

83 – 107

EN

While anti-Semitism is usually perceived as universal phenomena, the Holocaust is often viewed as a unique and unprecedented event. However, when it comes to explaining the Holocaust, reference to anti-Semitism seems to be the only answer, the sole factor that led to the tragedy. But if – in one or another form – anti-Semitism is a constant feature, what makes the Holocaust an unparalleled experience? The aim of this study is not to investigate the uniqueness or “historization” of the Holocaust, but rather to analyse the relation between anti-Semitism as a phenomena and the Holocaust as an event. The concerned relation is studied on the example of Slovakia, in the period between the formation of Slovak national consciousness and the end of the Second World War.

8

SAYYID QUTB'S 'OUR FIGHT WITH JEWS'. THE ARAB MUSLIM FUNDAMENTALIST PAMPHLET AGAINST JUDAISM AND THE JEWS IN A CONTEXT OF THE EUROPEAN ANTI-SEMITIC DISCOURSE

100%

Moch M.

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2008

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tom 52

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nr 2

177-188

EN

The paper deals with the famous essay by Sayyid Qutb, one of the most famous ideologues of Islamic fundamentalism and leader of the Muslim Brethren in Egypt, who was sentenced to death in 1966. Despite its rather small volume, 'Our Fight with Jews' is a really influential text, especially among the fundamentalist milieu in the Arab societies. The essay's sole purpose was to clarify Qutb's hostile attitude towards Judaism and the Jews. The Egyptian fundamentalist justifies his point using religious, historical and political arguments. Some of the historical views, figures of speech and propaganda tricks, appearing in the text, were probably borrowed from the European anti-Semitic literature. After presenting Qutb's short biography, the author researches main aspects of the aforementioned work and debates how Islamic theological background merges with the influences of European anti-Semitism.

9

THE TRAUMA OF THE GREAT WAR. PSYCHO-SOCIOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF THE WORLD WAR II

100%

Zaremba M.

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2008

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tom 52

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nr 2

3-42

EN

Almost seventy years now separate us from the outbreak of World War II. To date the most important trend in debates about the war's consequences for Central Europe has focused on the interconnections between the social, political and economic changes occurring during the war, on the one hand, and the origins of the communist bloc in that part of Europe, on the other. This approach is overly narrow: it fails to take account of the importance of the psycho-social consequences of the war, which were incomparably broader, extending far beyond the political dimension. The author attempts to sketch out a systematic account of the sociological and psychological effects of this war, through an examination of the Polish case. His analysis draws upon two key theoretical concepts: Pitirim Sorokin's sociology of catastrophes; and Piotr Sztompka's sociology of trauma. Paraphrasing the title of Sztompka's book (Trauma wielkiej zmiany. Spoleczne koszty transformacji), we might call the Polish war experience 'the trauma of the great war'. The article shows the sources, symptoms and cultural consequences of the trauma of war in Poland.

10

Medzi dvoma ohňami. K protižidovským pogromom na západnom Slovensku v závere roku 1918

100%

Vrabel F.

Slovanský přehled: historická revue pro dějiny střední, východní a jihovýchodní Evropy (Slavonic Review: Review for Central, Eastern and Southeastern European history)

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2009

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tom 95

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nr 4

491-499

EN

Based on documents of the Club of Slovak MPs within the Revolutionary National Assembly in Prague, the article gives information on events in western Slovakia (Holic, Senica, Nove Mesto nad Vahom, Chynorany and other locations) in November - December 1918. At that time, Jewish homes and shops were pillaged and the Jews were assaulted as a result of disintegration of the Hungarian state administration, subsequent chaos and lack of authorities and peace forces on this territory. Not only demoralised soldiers returning from war fronts, but also the local population took part in the pogroms. This turmoil, which often resulted in crime, was caused by efforts to get rich and procure food, and by anti-Semitist sentiments spurred by suspicion that the Jews favoured the Hungarians and the old regime.

11

The Research Of Wroclawian Academics On Anti-Semitism And Holocaust In “The Studies On Fascism And Hitlerite Crimes”

100%

Scheffler T. , Machaj Ł.

Politeja : Pismo Wydziału Studiów Miedzynarodowych i Politycznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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2010

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nr 2(14)

569-580

EN

The creation of the scholarly journal Studies on Fascism and Hitlerite Crimes was a result of a need to coordinate research led by scientists from the University of Wroclaw and employees of District Commission for the Examination of Hitlerite Crimes in Wroclaw which concerned the doctrine of National Socialism and its practical implications in the Third Reich. Such cooperation was primarily based on the contract signed on 22.03.1976 by the University of Wroclaw and the above- -mentioned Commission which established a framework for the joint effort to research fascism and Hitlerite crimes.

12

Die Auseinandersetzung mit dem Antisemitismus in Ostdeutschland - Anmerkungen aus polnischer Sicht

100%

Bojenko-Izdebska E.

Politeja : Pismo Wydziału Studiów Miedzynarodowych i Politycznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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2010

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nr 2(14)

527-538

EN

As in 1992 on behalf of the "mirror" of a survey and Gallup Emnid performed and East Germans - the enmity among West was the investigation had the following results: the proportion of East Germans who is anti-Semitic or xenophobic right-wing expressed was much smaller (4%) than the corresponding share of West Germans (16%). the conclusion the time was: "The Germans in the East (would be) the consequences of the Nazi past for the present to take seriously".

13

Historyczne i ideologiczno-polityczne źródła nazistowskiego projektu „Neue Europa” i jego realizacja w Europie Środkowo-Wschodniej

88%

Musiał S.

Colloquium Wydziału Nauk Humanistycznych i Społecznych AMW

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2012

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nr 3

27-48

EN

The present study focuses on historical and ideological-political sources of the nazi project „Neue Europa” and its implementation in East-Central Europe. The authors shows these sources can be found in the middle of 19th Century and the Nazis only radicalized the means of implementation by supplementing that project with the racist component. In the final section of this study are presented the consequences of the „Neue Europa” project for the peoples of East-Central Europe.

14

VLNA ANTISEMITIZMU V ČESKOSLOVENSKU VYVOLANÁ POLITICKÝM PROCESOM S RUDOLFOM SLÁNSKYM A SPOL.

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Šromovský M.

Človek a spoločnosť. Internetový časopis pre pôvodné teoretické a výskumné štúdie z oblasti spoločenských vied

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2015

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tom 18

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nr 2

-

EN

The beginning of 1950s in Czechoslovakia was a period of political processes, among which the Rudolf Slánsky et al. trial had possibly the largest impact on the society. It was accompanied by a massive media campaign, characterized by a strong anti-cosmopolitan, anti-Zionist and anti-Israel spirit. Articles in newspapers that tried to accuse, inter alia, the Zionists, cosmopolitans (thus people of Jewish descent) and the State of Israel of the negative economic situation in the country, could not cause any other reaction but the anti-Semitism. In contrast to the so-called Popular anti-Semitism, which was on the scene mainly in Slovakia after the Second World War, in the early '50s the anti-Semitism was caused by government – so-called government anti-Semitism.

15

ŽIDÉ V UHERSKÉM BRODĚ A KONEČNÉ ŘEŠENÍ ŽIDOVSKÉ OTÁZKY V OBDOBÍ PROTEKTORÁTU NA MORAVSKO-SLOVENSKÉM POMEZÍ

75%

Poláková M.

Studia Historica Nitriensia

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2016

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tom 20

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nr 2

432 – 458

EN

In Uherský Brod, whose district boundary was several tens of kilometres, together with Slovakia, lived at the beginning of the Protectorate of about 600 Jews. Although about 50 people, who managed to emigrate legally, even so the majority of them continue to live in the Jewish part of the city, which in year 1942 became a forcible refuge for forced nearly 3 thousand people benefiting Jewish faith in southeast Moravia. Some local Jews began from the spring of 1939 to work with the active resistance movement components, as with the defence of the nation at converting across the Slovak border, as well as with the illegal Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, which they provide financial means. Jewish cemetery was destroyed, and so was lit synagogue from the 18th century. In January 1943, pursuant to a subpoena 2,837 Jews arrived with 50 kg of luggage into the building of the local grammar school. From there the journey went in three groups after about 1,000 people on 23, 27 and 31. 1. 1943 by stairs to the nearby train station and then through Terezin to Auschwitz.

16

THE POLISH DEBATE AROUND 'FEAR' BY JAN TOMASZ GROSS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF 'INTERMEDIARY' DISCOURSE ANALYSIS (Polski spór o 'Strach' Jana Tomasza Grossa w perspektywie 'posredniczacej' analizy duskursu)

75%

Czyzewski M.

Studia Socjologiczne

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2009

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nr 3(194)

5-26

EN

The Polish debate around Jan Tomasz Gross' 'Fear' took place at the beginning of 2008. The book relates to the question of Polish anti-Semitism after Word War II, and by the same token, it identifies the Polish self-image of a nation of victims as the source of the problem. The analysis of the debate around 'Fear' focuses on analogies with the German debate on Daniel Goldhagen's 'Hitler's Willing Executioners' from 1996; meta-discursive aspects of the Polish debate (concerning the book and the debate itself rather than historical events); some features of debate's politicization and mediatization; the problematic 'ethnization' of the debate; polarization of the standpoints and the lack of 'intermediary work' between standpoints. The conclusions lead to the postulation of an 'intermediary' discourse analysis.

17

ŽIDIA – SPOLOČNOSŤ – POLITIKA (SLOVENSKO 1945 – 1948)

75%

Bumová I.

Slovenský národopis (Slovak Ethnology)

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2012

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tom 60

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nr 2

165 – 174

EN

This article deals with the position of the Jewish minority in the period 1945 – 1948 in Slovakia. The author takes as her starting-point activities aimed at reacquisition by Jews of their original civic and economic rights and the problems connected with their rehabilitation and restitution of their property. In the civic and also the political sphere a decisive role in the formation of new relationships was played by anti-Semitism, which ultimately was reshaped also on the legislative and ideological levels.

18

OBVINENIA Z „RITUÁLNYCH VRÁŽD“ V HORNOM UHORSKU. ANTISEMITSKÁ PROPAGANDA, POLITICKÝ KATOLICIZMUS A NÁRODNOSTNÁ OTÁZKA NA PRELOME 19. A 20. STOROČIA

75%

Szabó M.

Historický časopis (Historical Journal)

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2012

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tom 60

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nr 4

617 – 639

EN

The study is devoted to the hitherto unstudied phenomenon of accusations that Jews in Upper Hungary were involved in so-called “ritual murders”, in the context of the modernization of anti-Jewish prejudices around 1900. The key question is: To what degree was the transformation of traditional accusations away from ritual murders reflected in the propaganda of the anti-liberal opposition figures led by the representatives of political Catholicism, and not least in relation to their nationality policy and the reactions of representatives of the Slovak national movement.

19

V zajetí temných sil. Nikolaj Markov, antisemitismus a ruská radikální pravice

75%

Vydra Z.

Slovanský přehled: historická revue pro dějiny střední, východní a jihovýchodní Evropy (Slavonic Review: Review for Central, Eastern and Southeastern European history)

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2010

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tom 96

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nr 3-4

457-472

EN

The essay comments on anti-Semitism as a significant ideology of radical rightists in Russia between 1905 and 1917 and radical rightist emigration in 1918-1939. The role and significance of anti-Semitism are depicted through a biographical portrait of Nikolaj Markov (1866-1945). He was one of the leading figures of the ultra-rightists in Russia and a member of the State Duma. He systematically stood against the Jews, demanded restriction of their civil rights and freedoms and blamed them for most of the problems in Russia. His anti-Semitism was not isolated among the ultra-rightists, but corresponded with a general attitude. Anti-Semitism of the radical rightists became even more vigorous after the fall of the monarchy. The February coup d'etat and the Bolshevik revolution in October 1917 were interpreted as an 'international Jew-Masonic conspiracy'. Markov left for Germany during the civil war where he organised a Russian monarchist movement. He was particularly active in the 20s and the second half of the 30s when he published Vojny temnych sil, an anti-liberal and anti-Semitist interpretation of the Russian revolution. In emigration he collaborated with the Nazis.

20

KOMPARÁCIA POVOJNOVÉHO ANTISEMITIZMU V POĽSKU A NA SLOVENSKU

75%

Šromovský M.

Motus in verbo: časopis mladej vedeckej generácie

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2013

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tom 2

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nr 1

16 – 26

EN

A small proportion of Jews in Poland and Slovakia who survived the Holocaust was exposed to the opposition of the population remaining after the arriving to their home-town and village. In Poland there has had a place numerous pogroms, attacks of various armed gangs, collaborated with the communists and armed assaults with economic overtones. Most anti-semitic manifestations in Slovakia amounted to personal skirmishes, riots in pubs and public places, street fights, threats, slogan painting on the walls and buildings and putting up posters or anti-Jewish demonstrations. The brutal anti-Jewish manifestations in Poland has left many causalities – in estimation there have been killed 300 – 1 500 people, while in Slovakia it´s known only about 16 murders of Jews. The main cause of the anti-Semitism in Poland was the collaboration with the communist regime raised by the Soviet Union. Other reasons to hate the Jewish people were some difficult financial situation of Jewish property taken during the German occupation, complex economic and political situation in the country of the remains of war-time anti-Semitism. The same reasons have resulted in the anti-Jewish sentiments in Slovakia. However, the most important it looks to be the unresolved restitution of Jewish property. The people who have acquired that property during the war or shortly after the war didn´t want to give it up. The Jewish population in Poland responded to anti-Semitism by assimilation, or leaving the country.