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Anthropomorphic Figurines of early Bronze Age Anatolia

100%

Makowski M.

tom 56

7-30

This paper deals with anthropomorphic figurines of Early Bronze Age Anatolia: their typology, meaning and function. Having rejected hitherto existing interpretations as unfounded, the present author analyses the figurines' formal features and their find contexts in order to reconstruct the way they were used and the symbolic meaning they supposedly conveyed. The analysis of the development of Anatolian figurines enables us to trace the genesis of the so-called 'idols', that is schematic stylized figurines characteristic for the eastern Mediterranean in later prehistory.

From Dagger to Sword. Some Reflections on the Development of Early Swords in the Aegean, Anatolia and the Levant

88%

Taracha P.

tom 55

7-18

The author discusses the development of early thrusting swords in the Bronze Age Aegean (Types A and B) and their Anatolian and Levantine counterparts. Both in the Aegean and the Near East continuous developments produced almost simultaneously similar types of thrusting sword, but there is no reason to assume that the Anatolian or Levantine types had any appreciable influence in the Aegean and vice versa. Arguments for the Aegean pedigree of the Type A sword follow. The flanged-hilted type B sword was introduced not to replace that of Type A, but as a result of developments in fencing. It is argued for the integrated use of the long Type A sword and the Type B dirk or sword; in a set of two swords the latter had probably the function of an auxiliary weapon intended, first of all, for parrying a blow.

PRIESTERKÖNIGS-SCHMIEDEMEISTER? ZUR (UN)SICHTBARKEIT VON METALLHANDWERKERN IM GRABRITUS DER ANATOLISCHEN FRÜHBRONZEZEIT (3. JAHRTAUSEND V. CHR.)

88%

Zimmermann T.

nr suppl 1

593 – 603

This article discusses the visibility of founders or metal craftsmen in the graves of Early Bronze Age Anatolia (ca. 3000–1950 BC). The examination of relevant burials from the 3rd millennium BC cemeteries in Central and Western Turkey did not produce any assemblages containing diagnostic items like crucibles, cushion stones or other casting equipment, which is noteworthy given the abundance of metalworking features from domestic Early Bronze Age contexts. ‘Showcase’ inventories from Troia or Alaca Höyük, although said to contain metallurgical items, in fact do not support this peculiar type of burial group, which at present seems not to occur in Anatolia.