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DRINKING PATTERNS AMONG STUDENTS FROM UNIVERSITIES IN LUBLIN AND THEIR OPINIONS ABOUT SELECTED ALCOHOL-ASSOCIATED PROBLEMS (Polish title below)

100%

Karakula H.

Roczniki Nauk o Rodzinie (Annals of Family Studies)

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2009

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tom 56

257-275

EN

(Polish title: Style spozywania alkoholu przez studentow lubelskich uczelni wyzszych oraz ich opinie dotyczace wybranych aspektow problematyki alkoholowej). The purpose of this paper is to present drinking patterns among students from universities in Lublin as well their views about regulations on alcohol consumption. Using a questionnaire designed by the authors, a random sample of 810 students aged 21-24 was examined. It included participants from various faculties at: Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin University of Technology, Medical University of Lublin, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, and University of Life Sciences in Lublin. As the results of this study show, particularly those referring to frequent amnesic drinking and binge drinking, the problem of excessive alcohol consumption is not uncommon among students from the surveyed sample. Differences in drinking patterns as well as in opinions about age of safe alcohol use initiation and the Driver's Blood Alcohol Limits (DBAL) were found, depending on the study subject, the year of study and the respondent's gender.

2

Kouření a alkohol u dětí na základních školách Jihočeského kraje

100%

Kastnerova M.

Naše společnost (Our Society)

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2008

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tom 6

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nr 2

EN

Smoking becames the important and relevant health and social problem in the Czech Republic as well as in the world. Tobacco together with alcohol is the first habit forming substance, which the child contacts or which somebody offers to him. The aim of the research is to map the situation of using of legal drugs, tobacco and alcohol, by the children in the basic schools of the region of South Bohemia. The pupils of the 4th- 9th classes of basic schools of region of South Bohemia of age 10 -16 years present the basic group. The methods of questioning, technique questionnaire was used for the primary collection of data. More than the tenth of children - 12 % are the regular smokers - they smoke every day. Regular strong smokers, who smoke regularly more than 10 cigarettes a day, present more then 3 %. The most often beginning of the regular (daily) smoking is about 12 and 13 years. Only 16 % adolescents have never drunk the alcohol, less than half of them did not drink it in the last month. Only 57 % of respondents have never been drunken. The biggest popularity of beverages among the teen-agers has traditionally the beer followed by wine and then distillates. The biggest experiences with alcohol had got the questioned people until 10 years of age.

3

Serum levels of cytokines in alcoholic liver cirrhosis and pancreatitis

75%

Szuster-Ciesielska A. , Daniluk J. , Kandefer-Szerszen M.

Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis

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2000

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tom 48

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nr 4

301-307

EN

Although altered cytokine homeostasis has been implicated in the pathogenesis of both alcoholic liver and pancreas diseases, the serum cytokine pattern characteristic of concomitant alcoholic liver cirrhosis and pancreatitis has not been examined. In this paper we examine the serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-8, TNF-alpha, and also antiinflammatory ones, such as IL-10 and TGF-beta, in 22 patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis and 28 patients with chronic pancreatitis and compare them with those detected in the sera of 14 patients with concomitant alcoholic cirrhosis and pancreatitis. All patients were heavy alcohol drinkers, consuming more than 70 g of pure alcohol per day for at least 5 years. The control group consisted of 33 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects receiving an annual health examination. They were not addicted to alcohol and confirmed to be free of major cardiopulmonary, gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary-pancreatic diseases. The results indicated that the cytokine pattern in the sera of patients with concomitant liver cirrhosis and pancreatitis was characterized by increased levels of two proinflammatory cytokines: TNF-alpha, the concentration of which seemed to be influenced by both liver and pancreas injury, and IL-6, which seemed to be rather connected with pancreas injury. Increased levels of IL-8, which were detected in the sera of patients with cirrhosis, pancreatitis and concomitant cirrhosis and pancreatitis, were rather connected with exacerbation of the disease processes which occurred only in some of the patients. No significant changes in the levels of IL-10 or TGF-beta were detected in the sera of patients with chronic pancreatitis and concomitant cirrhosis and pancreatitis, while in patients with cirrhosis significantly decreased levels of IL-10 were found. A significant imbalance between proinflammatory/antiinflammatory signals was especially characteristic of alcoholic cirrhosis and concomitant cirrhosis with pancreatitis.

4

Alcohol-related cirrhosis with pancreatitis. The role of oxidative stress in the progression of the disease

75%

Szuster-Ciesielska A. , Daniluk J. , Kandefer-Szerszen M.

Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis

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2001

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tom 49

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nr 2

139-146

EN

To assess the level of oxidative stress, measured as prooxidant-antioxidant imbalance in the blood of patients with alcohol-related injury of the liver and pancreas, we determined superoxide ion (O2?-) production by neutrophils isolated from the peripheral blood of 3 groups of patients. Patients with compensated alcoholic liver cirrhosis (n=16), with alcoholic chronic pancreatitis (n=20), and with concomitant cirrhosis and pancreatitis (n=10) were included in this study. All patients had consumed at least 70 g of pure alcohol per day over 5 years. They had not abstained before admission to hospital. The control group consisted of 16 healthy non-alcohol-abusive subjects. As antioxidative enzymes (AOE) present in sera play a very important role in the regulation of plasma ROS levels and in the protection of plasma compounds against ROS action, we also examined serum activity of CAT, SOD (total activity) and GPx serum concentration. Neutrophils of patients with concomitant alcoholic liver cirrhosis and pancreatitis exhibited, similarly to the neutrophils of patients with chronic alcoholic pancreatitis, an enhanced ability to produce superoxide anions in vitro. In contrast, neutrophils of patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis exhibited a defect in resting and PMA-induced superoxide anion production. The AOE activity in the sera of patients was also significantly changed. Total SOD activity was enhanced in all groups of patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis, chronic pancreatitis and with concomitant injury of both organs. CAT activity was only increased in the sera of patients with liver cirrhosis or pancreatitis, but not in the patients with concomitant cirrhosis and pancreatitis. GPx concentration was only diminished in the patients with chronic pancreatitis. It seems likely that oxidative stress, defined as the imbalance between prooxidant and antioxidant activity, is highest in the blood of patients with chronic pancreatitis and, especially, in patients with concomitant liver cirrhosis and pancreatitis.

5

NIEKTORÉ MAKROEKONOMICKÉ SÚVISLOSTI VÝVOJA TRHU S LIEHOVINAMI V SLOVENSKEJ REPUBLIKE

63%

Válek J. , Zubaľová A.

Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)

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2014

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tom 62

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nr 9

975 – 989

EN

A characteristic feature of any excise tax is that it represents a significant component of price-settings. Expectations of the government, related to the change of the tax rate for this type of tax, consists in a presumption of the increased revenues to the state budget, even though it could bring so called lateral shift of the tax. Its impact would be a decrease in a consumption of the other commodities. The aim of article is to highlight some macroeconomic consequences of the Spirit market development in Slovakia, with an emphasis on increasing excise taxes on alcohol, its consumption, production and foreign trade balance. The attention of the authors is drawn to the fact that in addition to the high rate of tax affecting the amount of revenue collected by the state, other factors such as consumer saving, lifestyle change, counter advertising and the introduction of more stringent measures in relation to road traffic as well as pressure on imports of identical commodities from abroad, can equally affect state revenue.