The paper aims to analyze the influence of Baruch Spinoza’s philosophy on Albert Einstein’s work, in particular his physics. Einstein was a man of genius personality of contemporary physics, but we can see him as a prominent philosopher, too. He studied the philosophical works of Kant, Leibniz, Hume and other modern philosophers. But his most preferred thinker was Baruch Spinoza. Einstein knew very well Spinoza’s main book, Ethics. He accepted Spinoza’s concepts of human being and the dignity of man in the history of the world. The concept of God proposed by the author of Ethics was very important for Einstein. Spinoza’s inspiring philosophy is present in Einstein’s vision of the universe and in his deterministic view on quantum mechanics. This problem is reflected in the paper too.
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Having for many years the theme of “complex thought” as developed by Pavel Florensky at the centre of his philosophical and theological research interest, the author of the article highlights an important aspect of complexity, namely, the imaginary dimension as a structural part of reality. First of all, he shows how Florensky, famous Russian mathematician, physicist, electro-technical engineer, philosopher and theologian, comes to explain the existence of the imaginary dimension starting from his original interpretation of Albert Einstein’s theory of relativity, made with reference to Dante Alighieri’s Divine Comedy. Consequently, he explains that the existence of this dimension coincides with the existence of a general predisposition of every human being to the experience of the “imaginary” as a door towards the “mysterious depths” of reality, the depths that in many cases tend to manifest themselves. Christian theology and spirituality help to know and experience exactly this kind of complexity of reality, glimpsing its vital and dynamic connection with the Trinitarian being of God.
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