Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Identité et altčrilč dans le roman québécois

100%

Voldrichová Beránková E.

Studia Romanica Posnaniensia

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2008

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tom 35

103-111

EN

As a « relational concept », alterity can only be defined in opposition to what sociologists call a « referential group », an entity which dictates political, religious or cultural norms in a concrete society. Our article will first explain the difference between simple « diversity » and real « alterity », which is perceived as a potential source of threat by the majority society. Using concrete figures from 19th and 20th century Quebec novels, we will illustrate various types of alterity and the general evolution of Canadian mentality in relation to various minorities.

2

Sachlichkeit und Emotion in der Wirtschaftssprache anhand ausgewählter Wortschatzbeispiele aus der Wirtschaftspresse des ausgehenden 19. Jahrhunderts

100%

Strzelecka G.

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nr 17

291-302

EN

The article presents examples of vocabulary in quotations from the economic press from 1885–1886, which on the one hand show the rationality of the language of economy, but on the other hand emotions. It is – as it was hundred years later – a time of economic prosperity and of impending crisis. For comparison, examples from the press of the 20th century (1995–1996) are cited to show similarities and development of the language of economy during this period. Emotions have always accompanied economic processes, its successes and failures, for over 100 years.

3

The Study of the Hungarian Elites of the 19th and 20th Century

100%

Pál J.

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nr 2

221-237

EN

The paper summarizes the latest results of the research conducted by the Hungarian historiography on the Hungarian elites of the 19th and 20th century. Empirical research on the political elite of the Dual Monarchy started as early as the inter-war period. A clarification of the concepts and an initiation of empirical research in the field were attempted at the end of the 1970s and the beginning of the 1980s. After 1989, several scientists have continued studying the political, economic, military, intellectual elite and other elite groups, and it seems that remarkable results have been achieved in the field of elite studies, even though they are not in the main stream of the Hungarian historiography. Research in this field continues to present day.

4

Národnostní statistika českých zemí 1880‒1921 – faktory, výsledky a problém jejich interpretace

75%

Kladiwa P.

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nr 2

61-82

EN

Comparing the results of the censuses of the language of daily use in the Bohemian lands before the First World War, and nationality censuses after the First World War, has been a subject of scientific and journalistic interest for almost a century. Until now, Czech historians have considered the results of Cisleithanian censuses to be imprecise and underestimated the Czech language use, while considering the results of nationality censuses in 1921 and 1930 to be exact. This study proves that such judgments are too simplistic, since even subsequent to 1918 state policy significantly affected census results, and furthermore there was a part of the population which could not clearly be fitted into one particular nationality or one language. The study analyses the factors which contributed to the increase in Czech nationality and decline in German and Polish nationality subsequent to 1918. It compares the weight of various factors on a countrywide scale, and also on the scale of different regions and locations.

5

Etnická klasifikace a institucionální zakotvení národnosti v českých zemích 1880–1914

75%

Kladiwa P.

Moderní dějiny: sborník k dějinám 19. a 20. století (Modern History: Studies into 19th and 20th century history)

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2014

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tom 22

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nr 1

7-33

EN

The ethnic (nationalist) classification and institutional position of nationalities in Cisleithania strongly reflected also the state’s interest. The state authorities had to take into consideration, in particular, the trends of social and politicaldevelopment, such as the rising significance of national identity and theinterconnection of national and civil rights. It should be noted here that in Cisleithania most of the populations of different nationality enjoyed favorable conditions to develop their national life. The main motive of the Taaffe Government’s decision to include the questionable category of communication language instead of the mother tongue or family language in the 1880 census consisted in the legal possibility of assimilation, i.e., preventing a nationality closure and, last but not least, protecting the integrity of the state. The whole period of 1880-1914 demonstrated the significance of independent judicial power. The Administrative Court and the Imperial Court of Cisleithania played an important role in establishing the nationalist principle in public life where the nationalist and the civil principles intertwined.

6

Zasoby wileńskich archiwów jako źródło informacji o polskich pisarzach z przełomu XIX i XX wieku

71%

Fedorowicz I.

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nr 1

1-12

EN

Collections of manuscripts in Vilnius are stored in three archives: the Lithuanian State Historical Archives, the Central State Archives of Lithuania, and the Lithuanian Literature and Art Archive. They are also stored in the Manuscript Sections of the most important Vilnius libraries: the Library of the Vilnius University, the Wroblewski Library of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences, and the Lithuanian National Library of Martynas Mažydas. Among the collections are many documents and written texts (referred to by the Latinate word polonica) from different epochs. Polonica texts by Polish writers and poets of the 19th and 20th centuries have been examined mainly by Polish researchers. Vilnius collections consist of many documents presenting the characters of minorum gentium writers such as Czesław Jankowski, Nikodem Erazm Iwanowski, and Maria Rodziewiczówna. Manuscripts are a valuable source of information about these authors. Irena Fedorowicz’s aim in this article is to show the output of archival studies concerning the life and work of 19th- and 20th-century writers. Some of the results have already been published in Lithuanian scholarly publications in the years 2016–2022.

PL

Zbiory archiwów i bibliotek wileńskich zawierają wiele poloników z różnych epok, które w mniejszym lub większym stopniu w XX wieku już zostały wykorzystane przez badaczy polskich (Edmunda Jankowskiego, Tadeusza Bujnickiego, Andrzeja Romanowskiego, Iwonę Wiśniewską i in.). Mniej znane są natomiast źródła rękopiśmienne (głównie listy) dotyczące polskich pisarzy minorum gentium z przełomu XIX i XX wieku, do których należą: Czesław Jankowski, Nikodem Erazm Iwanowski i Maria Rodziewiczówna. Materiały te znajdują się w Litewskim Państwowym Archiwum Historycznym, Litewskim Centralnym Archiwum Państwowym, Archiwum Literatury i Sztuki Litewskiej, a także w Dziale Rękopisów trzech bibliotek: Biblioteki Uniwersytetu Wileńskiego, Biblioteki Narodowej im. Martynasa Mažvydasa i Biblioteki Litewskiej Akademii Nauk im. Wróblewskich. Celem artykułu jest podzielenie się wiedzą i doświadczeniem na temat sposobów opracowywania i wykorzystywania archiwaliów dotyczących trojga wymienionych pisarzy. Wyniki swoich badań przedstawiłam w publikacjach, które zostały wydane na Litwie (w pismach naukowych i monografiach zbiorowych) w latach 2016–2022. Najwięcej uwagi poświęciłam spuściźnie archiwalnej Jankowskiego ze zbiorów Biblioteki Litewskiej Akademii Nauk im. Wróblewskich.

7

Liang Qichao a jeho obraz národního hrdiny v životopisných článcích o západních osobnostech:

63%

Netíková K.

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nr 2

271-295

EN

The present article focuses on Liang Qichao’s (1873–1929) idealised image of a national hero that could be observed in his biographical articles about Western heroes at the turn of the 20th Century. Liang believed that examples of modern Western personalities might serve as valid role models for creating patriotic society in China and also shape future Chinese heroes. He presented his readers with Western personalities, stressing their qualities and positive traits. He also pointed out some drawbacks he saw within Western history. Liang wanted his readers to study national hero types, learn from their mistakes and try to achieve their positive traits: national awareness, ability to cooperate, and selfless pursuit of the national interests.

8

Praga jako czeski i europejski ośrodek życia intelektualnego i naukowego w XIX i XX wieku (ludzie, instytucje, inicjatywy)

51%

Tkaczewski D.

Studia Ekonomiczne

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2016

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tom 277

168-197

PL

Praga i jej wybitni myśliciele (naukowcy, odkrywcy i wynalazcy) wniosła swój niepozorny, lecz godny uwagi wkład nie tylko do czeskiej, ale i do światowej nauki, dziedzictwa cywilizacyjnego i kulturowego, które wywarły swój wpływ na stan XX-wiecznej nauki i współczesnej wiedzy w Europie. To nie tylko badacze i naukowcy, ale także zasłużone uczelnie i instytucje życia naukowego oraz cenne czeskie, europejskie i światowe inicjatywy intelektualne (kongresy, konferencje, szkoły teoretyczne) i wydawnicze (encyklopedie, leksykony). Niniejszy artykuł przybliży je w uporządkowany sposób (chronologicznie), obejmując swą cezurą czasową głównie wiek XIX i pierwszą połowę wieku XX, gdyż te czeskie i czechosłowackie osiągnięcia stały się przyczynkiem do współczesnych sukcesów oraz stanu czeskiej nauki i myśli wynalazczej.

EN

Prague and its ‘prominent sages’ made an in conspicuous yet in valuable contribution to the Czech and global science, cultural and civilizational heritage, which exerted a considerable impact on the state of the 20th century science and contemporary knowledge in Europe. It is not only the merit of its researchers and scientists, but also of its distinguished universities, institutions of scientific life, and valuable Czech, European and worldwide intellectual initiatives (congresses, conferences, theoretical schools) or publishing projects (encyclopaedias, lexicons). This paper presents them in an orderly manner (chronologically), encompassing mainly the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century, as these Czech and Czechoslovakian achievements gaverise to the modern success and affected the condition of the Czech science and inventive thought.