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3 Naše řeč (Our Speech)

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O písmenku c a o písmenech a hláskách vůbec

100%

Daneš F.

Naše řeč (Our Speech)

2008

tom 91

nr 3

127-134

The most considerable deviation from the phonological principle applied in Czech orthography is the existence of two graphemes, i and y (called “soft” and “hard”, respectively) standing for one and the same phoneme /i/. The distribution of the two graphemes is controlled by certain rules, which, in turn, bring forth some spelling problems on the level of morphology. One of these follows from the fact that the grapheme c has been traditionally (and problematically) classed among “soft (palatal) graphemes” (sic!). The author analyzes the situation in some detail and evaluates different possibilities for solving the problems, discusses the overall position of the grapheme y in the whole vocabulary of contemporary Czech, and suggests some adjustments for contemporary usage. Two background assumptions are highlighted: first, that the basic distinction phonemegrapheme should be consequently maintained in all cases, and second, that the high complexity of natural languages entails certain weak points and irregularities in spelling systems.

Český zápis problematických pádů polských proprií s jednofunkčním písmenem i v koncové slabice

67%

Beneš M.

Naše řeč (Our Speech)

2015

tom 98

nr 3

129-138

The paper deals with the spelling of cases of Polish proper names in Czech, the written nominative ending of which is preceded by the digraph ending in the so-called mono-functional letter i (conf. e.g. Świnoujś-ci-e, Bogaty-ni-a, Ka-si-a). It describes the essence of the problem, gathers all the relevant types of Polish proper names for consideration, enumerates cases in which Czech spelling could be (at least potentially) objectively problematic, presents possible arguments for possible Czech spellings and discusses them, and, finally, recommends one of them for general use.

Naše řeč v roce 1817

67%

Koupil O. , Štěpánová V.

nr 4

193-206

The text is devoted not to the journal Naše řeč [Our Speech], but to "our speech", i.e. Czech, as mirrored in a handbook of Czech orthography (Hanka, 1817). This pamphlet was the initial part of the conflict between “iotists” (followers of Dobrovský and Hanka’s Czech orthography reform) and "ypsilonists" (their conservative opponents). Part (1) outlines the historical context of Pravopis český [Czech Orthography] from 1817 and its contents. Part (2) deals with the last part of Hanka’s pamphlet - the list of words for which speakers of Czech had to deal with the problematic transition from the spoken to the written form. Hanka recorded many orthographically incorrect forms of the words. An unintended result of his work was a kind of "recording" of contemporary spoken Czech (the most frequent examples of the recorded phenomena were cluster reduction, voicing assimilation and articulatory assimilation). Part (3) considers the theoretical importance of this list as a unique document of the Czech from Hanka’s time. The list reveals much about the actual pronunciation of Czech from that period, as well as the difficulties connected with the "translation" from spoken to written Czech.