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1

Changes in phytoplankton pigments composition during 2000 in different southern Baltic regions

100%

Ston J. , Kosakowska A.

Oceanological Studies

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2002

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tom Vol. 31, No. 1-2

75-89

EN

The results of differences in phytoplankton pigments composition are presented in this paper. Samples from the Southern Baltic taken during three cruises on r/v "Oceania" (14.02 - 28.02.2000, 06.05 - 16.05.2000 and 20.09 - 01.10.2000) were examined. Qualification and quantification analyses of chlorophylls and carotenoids present in samples of naturally existing phytoplankton were based on the RP-HPLC technique. Seasonal and spatial variability in pigment characteristics was observed in the analysed seasons. Presence of: chlorophyll a, chlorophyll c1+c2, chlorophyll b, alloxanthin, zeaxanthin, fucoxanthin, peridinin, neoxanthin, diadinoxanthin - was noted in every season; violaxanthin and beta-carotene - only in May and September. Lutein was detected only in May samples. The quantity of May and September pigments exceeded 2-6 times the February pigments content. Vertical differentiation in the pigments amount was also noted. Spatial variability emphasized the influence of Vistula and Odra water masses. Different markers of phytoplankton species were found in each season: in February - cryptophytes (alloxanthin), May - diatoms (fucoxanthin) and September - cyanophytes and dinophytes (containing zeaxanthin and diadinoxanthin).

2

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of Baltic phytoplankton pigments

100%

Ston J. , Kosakowska A.

Oceanologia

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2000

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tom No. 42 (4)

449-471

EN

The paper presents the results of research into the pigment composition of seawater samples taken from various depths in the Gulf of Gdansk in April and September 1999. Pigments were separated by RP-HPLC, and identification was confirmed by co-injection with reference standards and on-line diode array spectra. The following groups of pigments were identified: chlorophylls: a, b, c1 + c2; photosynthetic carotenoids (PSC) - peridinin, fucoxanthin, alfa-carotene; photoprotecting carotenoids (PPC) - diadinoxanthin, alloxanthin, zeaxanthin, lutein, neoxanthin, violaxanthin and beta-carotene. Quantitative and qualitative diversity in pigment characteristics were observed in both seasons, though lutein and alfa-carotene were not identified in the September samples. The respective April and September concentrations of the functional groups of pigments were: total chlorophylls content 0.47-104.25 and 0.57-13.66 žg dm–3; PSC 0.07-21.23 and 0.02-1.56 žg dm–3; PPC 0.05-14.08 and 0.04-1.79 žg dm–3. Within the PSC group, peridinin and fucoxanthin were dominant in the April samples, but only fucoxanthin in the September ones. Among the PPCs, diadinoxanthin and alloxanthin were dominant in April, zeaxanthin in September. Photosynthetic and photoprotecting carotenoids display a linear correlation with chlorophyll alfa content in all the samples.

3

Changes in phytoplankton pigments composition during 2000 in different Southern Baltic Regions

100%

Ston J. , Kosakowska A.

Oceanological Studies

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2002

|

tom 31

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nr 1-2

4

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of Baltic phytoplankton pigments

100%

Ston J. , Kosakowska A.

Oceanologia

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2000

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tom 42

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nr 4

EN

The paper presents the results of research into the pigment composition of seawater samples taken from various depths in the Gulf of Gdańsk in April and September 1999. Pigments were separated by RP–HPLC, and identification was confirmed by co-injection with reference standards and on-line diode array spectra. The following groups of pigments were identified: chlorophylls: a, b, c1 + c2; photosynthetic carotenoids (PSC) – peridinin, fucoxanthin, α-carotene; photoprotecting carotenoids (PPC) – diadinoxanthin, alloxanthin, zeaxanthin, lutein, neoxanthin, violaxanthin and β-carotene. Quantitative and qualitative diversity in pigment characteristics were observed in both seasons, though lutein and α-carotene were not identified in the September samples. The respective April and September concentrations of the functional groups of pigments were: total chlorophylls content 0.47–104.25 and 0.57–13.66 μg dm−3; PSC 0.07–21.23 and 0.02–1.56 μg dm−3; PPC 0.05–14.08 and 0.04–1.79 μg dm−3. Within the PSC group, peridinin and fucoxanthin were dominant in the April samples, but only fucoxanthin in the September ones. Among the PPCs, diadinoxanthin and alloxanthin were dominant in April, zeaxanthin in September. Photosynthetic and photoprotecting carotenoids display a linear correlation with chlorophyll a content in all the samples.

5

Qualitative and quantitative changes of phytoplankton pigments under iron stress

80%

Lewandowska J. , Kosakowska A. , Ston J.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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2001

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tom 23

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nr 3 suppl.

6

Pigment composition in relation to phytoplankton community structure and nutrient content in the Baltic Sea

80%

Ston J. , Kosakowska A. , Lotocka M. , Lysiak-Pastuszak E.

Oceanologia

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2002

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tom 44

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nr 4

EN

The concentration of chlorophylls and carotenoids with respect to communities of characteristic phytoplankton species and hydrological parameters, such as temperature, salinity and nutrients were analysed. Samples from the southern Baltic were taken during three periods: spring 1999, autumn 1999 and 2000 during cruises of r/v ‘Oceania’ in this area. The seasonal differences between the phytoplankton species composition and pigmentation of samples (measured by HPLC) were noted. The total biomass of the spring phytoplankton population was 11–15 times greater than that of the autumn populations. However, the phytoplankton community was more diverse in the two autumns, whereas the spring population was almost mono-taxonomic: >80% of the total biomass consisted of dinophytes. The total content of chlorophylls (a, b, c1 + c2) was about 20 times higher in spring. Moreover, in spring the concentrations of photosynthetic carotenoids (with dominant perdinin) were 2–4 times higher than those of the photoprotecting carotenoids (with dominant diadinoxanthin), whereas in the two autumns the situation was reversed: PPC concentrations (with dominant zeaxanthin and diadinoxanthin) exceeded those of PSC (with dominant fucoxanthin) by c. 3–10 times. Pigment markers have proved to be extremely useful biomarkers for elucidating the composition of phytoplankton populations in natural samples.