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Zastosowanie bentonitów w technologii oczyszczania ścieków komunalnych

100%

Gluzińska J. , Legutko M.

tom Nr 1

35-37

Results of researching communal sewage treatment done with the application of synthetic coagulant as well as both natural and modified bentonites. Struvite solution curve for water environment.

Environmentally friendly method for manufacturing cryolite from fluosilicic acid

80%

Stechman M. , Legutko M. , Różycka D.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

2004

tom Vol. 6, nr 3

36-38

Nowadays, agricultural production is based on the use of manures, especially artificial fertilizers. Well-available phosphatic fertilizers are produced by the decomposition of natural phosphorites with mineral acids. During the production of fertilizers waste substances are formed, especially fluosilicic acid. In compliance with the present requirements concerning the cleanliness of industrial production, waste products arising in one technology are utilized as raw materials in others. So, waste fluosilicic acid is used in other technologies, e.g. to produce cryolite. There exist several technological variants of making cryolite from fluosilicic acid. In the following, the acid method based on the reaction between aluminum fluoride and sodium fluoride is presented and compared with the ammonia method used in this country. The findings of investigations into a modified acidic method, carried out at the Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Gliwice, are shown in this paper. Comparisons were made in relation to the process efficiency, the product purity and the load of impurities remaining in effluents from both cryolite syntheses.

Wasteless process for manufacturing sodium trithiocarbonate as a heavy metal precipitating agent

80%

Stechman M. , Różycka D. , Walawska B. , Legutko M.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

2002

tom Vol. 4, nr 1

18-20

A method for the production of sodium trithiocarbonate by reacting carbon disulfide (CS,) with sodium sulfide (Na,S) in aqueous medium at a temperature of ca. 30°C has been developed. Under a 25% excess CS, with respect to the stoichiometry, the water content of 60%, and the reaction time of 5 h, a desired -40% Na,CS, solution has been obtained. The excessive carbon disulfide was separated and returned to the system. The resulting product solution has been found useful for the treatment of various industrial waste waters and the process solutions containing heavy metal cations. Under appropriate process conditions such as Na,CS3/metal molar ratio, pH value, mode of reactants introduction etc., a high purification efficiency of the foregoing liquids was attained.