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Judaizm wobec animacji ludzkiego embrionu

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Aleksiejuk A.

ELPIS

2011

tom 13

nr 23-24

299-316

According to biblical anthropology, human beings are composed of body and soul. The question arises, however, at what moment does the body of the embryo possess a spiritual element? Can the breath of God visit the created and already developing in its own biological rhythm embryo? The key issue here is the moment of animation - the origin of a living being, which is created in the image and likeness of God. This article presents various Jewish points of views on the animation of the human embryo, all of which attempt to determine the exact moment at which the soul is breathed into the human body. Rabbinical authorities distinguish five different moments in this process: conception, the forty first day after conception, the birth of the child, the moment of circumcision and the moment in which the child is able to say 'Amen.' The first three mentioned cases have the most supporters. The first refers to the simultaneous animation, while the other theories argue for successive animation.

Prenatalny rozwój człowieka w Biblii hebrajskiej: Perspektywa judaizmu

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Aleksiejuk A.

ELPIS

2012

tom 14

nr 25-26

279-306

There are several references to the first stages of human life in the Old Testament Scriptures. Some of them are formulations of both descriptions of the creation of man in the Book of Genesis, fragments of Psalms, historical books and wisdom literature. These fragments do not create a coherent conception, which illustrates the development of prenatal humanity. They rather point to God’s involvement in human conception and birth, which remains for us hidden and unconceivable. This article discusses questions of human conception in the context of Hebrew Scriptures. They serve as a starting point for reflections of the state of the human embryo from the perspective of Jewish bioethics.

Wolność religijna i poprawność europejska

100%

Aleksiejuk A.

ELPIS

2012

tom 14

nr 25-26

105-113

We live in times that are particularly sensitive to issues such as freedom and are differentiated by strong aspirations for personal and societal freedom. One speaks of political-societal freedom, freedom of religion, artistic freedom and freedom to choose one’s own lifestyle. It would be possible to make a long list of the various kinds or manifestations of freedom, which modern individuals indentify in their lives. My essay considers the ways the law functions in regards to religious freedom in the context of the currently prevailing and implemented political visions in United Europe. Strictly speaking, this paper concerns the definition of place, which was assigned for religious convictions of citizens of the European Union and their role in shaping their personal and societal lives.