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VÝSKUM OBDOBIA SOCIALIZMU A MESTA V SLOVENSKEJ ETNOLÓGII

100%

Janto J.

Etnologické rozpravy (Ethnological Disputes)

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2022

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tom 29

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nr 2

8 - 20

EN

The socialist period is one of the current and developing areas of research in ethnology. The study deals with ethnological research of the socialist period, focusing on the urban environment. An introductory overview examines research between 1948 and 1989 and the present research (post-1989), with an emphasis on urban localities. In the next section, it considers some of the key issues that arise in relation to ethnology's approach to this period. The first of these is whether ethnological research on the past, and thus on socialism, should focus on the reconstruction of a way of life or on its representations. Another is whether we can speak of a specifically socialist way of life, socialist culture and especially how this applies in urban settings.

2

COMMUNICATION AND SPACE (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE HOUSING ESTATE) (Komunikacia a priestor (Na priklade mestskeho sidliska))

100%

Janto J.

Slovenský národopis (Slovak Ethnology)

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2008

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tom 56

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nr 3

277-285

EN

The main task of the paper is the relationship between the space in urban- architecture meaning and the social communication, social processes. This problem is resolved at a housing estate, which is specific urban place with mostly residential function, absent of typical street, a lot of dwelling-houses etc. The author chose for his ethnological research a smaller part in neighbourhood of Petrzalka. The residents of this part are visibly more active in citizen life than those who live in other part of housing estate. The first author premise was due to its specific urbanism (a lot of green places, majority of low-storied dwellings), but research exposed that the main factor is age of this part.

3

MODERNÉ MESTO A JEHO KULTÚRNE DEDIČSTVO – PRÍKLAD PARTIZÁNSKEHO A NOVEJ DUBNICE

100%

Janto J.

Muzeológia a kultúrne dedičstvo

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2019

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tom 7

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nr 2

109 – 121

EN

The paper deals with the issues of architecture and cities, or urban neighbourhoods, which originated in the 20th century. While older style architecture and urban structures are already protected by law and generally accepted by both professionals and the public as part of cultural heritage, the situation is different for newer towns and buildings. However, these are also often unique collections, witnesses of the time and holders of other historical, technical or artistic values. This is particularly evident in the case of green field cities – Partizánske (1938) and Nová Dubnica (1957). Both locations grew up as an expression of contemporary ideas about an ideal city in connection with industrial factories, whose employees they were built for: Partizánske (former Baťovany) as an ideal industrial settlement of the Baťa concern and Nová Dubnica as a representative socialist city. The first one was based on the concept of modern architecture (and urbanism) and the second one was associated with socialist realism (as a critical, ideologically conditioned refusal of modernism).The original urbanistic concept and architecture of both settlements have remained largely preserved to this day, but their legislative protection is needed. Protection and maintenance are also, and above all, a matter of interest and acceptance of the wider public. After all, the relationship of the citizens is also reflected in the protection and overall care for the heritage. The first step in building this relationship is to make people aware of the importance of the values they contain.

4

MESTSKÉ SÍDLISKO - MENIACI SA PRIESTOR (NA PRÍKLADE PETRŽALKY)

100%

Janto J.

Etnologické rozpravy (Ethnological Disputes)

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2007

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tom 14

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nr 1

108-116

EN

The paper focuses on the new urban spaces - housing estates, which are at the moment accommodating approximately one third of all inhabitants of Slovakia. The author examines the changes ongoing during the last 15 years in the largest Slovak housing estate of Petrzalka. He emphasises the improvement of the living environment, in particular the development of infrastructure, possibilities for free time activities, numerous green places etc. These factors the author identified as causes of the satisfaction, the author's informants expressed when talking about the estate. He pays attention to the developing activities of non-profit organizations as they are among the factors improving and enriching the inhabitants as necessary for achieving a satisfactory quality of the living environment. In the conclusion the author expresses his fears that further development of the estate could be limited to the technocratic solutions giving a way to a force of the developers without participation and on the expense of its inhabitants.

5

UZAVRETÉ REZIDENČNÉ AREÁLY – NOVÝ FENOMÉN SLOVENSKÝCH MIEST

100%

Janto J.

Etnologické rozpravy (Ethnological Disputes)

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2019

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tom 26

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nr 1

19 – 30

EN

The author deals with a new phenomenon in Central and Eastern Europe after the fall of communism – the gated community. This term refers to a residential area with at least two buildings, separated from the surrounding area by a physical barrier and accessible only to residents. The emergence of gated communities is a consequence of residential segregation of the inhabitants as one of the processes in a post-socialist city. The text offers a brief overview of the studies on these settlements abroad concerning their history, the factors and circumstances of their origin, their forms and impact. The author takes note of the situation in Central Europe and pays attention to the research that has been dealing with the issue in the region. The last part of the study deals with the phenomenon of gated communities in Bratislava, the capital of Slovakia.

6

SLOVENSKÉ BRYNDZIARSTVO A VAGAČOVSKÁ VÝROBŇA V DETVE. K 230. VÝROČIU VZNIKU PRVEJ BRYNDZIARNE

100%

Janto J.

Muzeológia a kultúrne dedičstvo

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2017

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tom 5

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nr 2

51 – 59

EN

This paper examines the history of the production of bryndza, a sheep milk product considered traditional to and symbolic of Slovakia. Bryndza is a kneaded, salted and preserved sheep cheese is the product of Carpathian sheep breeding and its specific lifestyle associated with the Wallach colonization of Slovakia. Geographical conditions favourable to sheep breeding across most of Slovakia and native adaptations of sheep cheese for better marketability gave rise to this specifically Slovak product and made it the chief export of local sheep breeding. This was significantly aided by dedicated bryndza manufactures the first of which was founded in 1787 by Ján Vagač in Detva. This paper examines its founding and traces its history all to way to its nationalization and dissolution.

7

VODA AKO TÉMA ETNOLÓGIE A SOCIOKULTÚRNEJ ANTROPOLÓGIE

100%

Janto J.

Etnologické rozpravy (Ethnological Disputes)

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2024

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tom 31

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nr 1

8 - 16

EN

Water, as an essential element for life and for production, permeates all areas of human existence. Yet (or perhaps precisely because of this) it has never been an independent and central topic of more extensive ethnological analysis, and the same was true until recently for research in socio-cultural anthropology. It was, however, always present in the background, implicitly, as a context for other dominantly studied practices and cultural phenomena. The study deals with the topic of water in the research of Slovak ethnology and foreign socio-cultural anthropology. It looks at the themes, problem areas as well as the concepts and contemporary issues addressed in scientific research in relation to water.

8

KOMUNITNÝ ROZVOJ NA SÍDLISKÁCH

100%

Janto J.

Etnologické rozpravy (Ethnological Disputes)

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2016

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tom 23

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nr 1

7 – 22

EN

The study deals with community development as one of the possible approaches to the application of anthropological knowledge in practice. In the introduction, the author characterizes the development and its connection with the quality of life, which is part of the broader cultural and social context. For the theoretical understanding of this fact the concept of social (and cultural) capital of locality, based on the quality of human relationship as the premise for the regeneration and development of towns or villages is helpful. Practical application then offers the model of community development, based on the most important resource – residents themselves. This approach can be implemented in a variety of environments; one of them is a housing estate as the specific urban area. The author reflects his several years of experience in the NGO Centre for community organizing (development) in a position of community worker on the largest Slovak housing estate - Petržalka. The NGO was trying to build active citizen groups by community organizing in the first. This model is based on the strengthening of the residents, on pressure and conflict between stakeholders. After review of this approach (divided) NGO has passed to the cooperation model based primarily on collaboration and building partnerships – community development. The author offers a few examples of both approaches, and highlights the dilemmas which he met in the work. He concludes with potential contribution of graduates of Ethnology to this area.

9

Life in an “Ideal Socialist City”: Narrative Representations of Nová Dubnica’s Pas

100%

Janto J.

Národopisná revue (Journal of Ethnology)

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2022

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tom 32

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nr 4

268 - 279

EN

The study deals with narrative representations of the past of the Slovak city of Nová Dubnica that was built on a green-field land in the 1950s as an “exemplary socialist city” to accommodate workers of the engineering plant in Dubnica nad Váhom. While interpreting research data within the theoretical framework of collective memory, the author addresses memories of the first and long-term residents (60 years old and older) who look back on their life in the city in the 1950s−1980s. Based on ethnographic research, it was (1) industrial plant and work, (2) city construction, and (3) family and social life that were identified as major areas of narrative representations. These areas feature similar contents of individual interpretations of the past, and their intersection is formed by themes that can be qualified as the above-mentioned group’s collective memory of the life in Nová Dubnica in the past. Collective memory, as a socially conditioned category, is formed in Nová Dubnica, among other things, by important factors − regular events (celebrations of the foundation of the city, lantern parade) and mutual meetings of seniors. The study is to present Nová Dubnica as a “place of memory”, which shapes the inhabitants’ ideas about the past and which is also formed by local memories of the years of the socialist regime.

10

Rural Localities in the Hinterland of Large Cities in Slovakia: from the research on suburban municipalities near Bratislava

100%

Janto J.

Národopisná revue (Journal of Ethnology)

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2020

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nr 3

202 - 212

EN

The so-called hinterlands of cities constitute one of the important categories of rural localities; these are municipalities that are connected with a nearby city through employment and other activities of their inhabitants. Many of them are part of the suburbanization process with growing residential housing and growing population tied to the urban settlement. The process of (modern) suburbanization in Slovakia appeared in the second half of the 1990s, most markedly near Bratislava and in the vicinity of other larger cities. This category of municipalities is growing in size and number and it is thus becoming an increasingly important phenomenon of rural (or rural-urban) settlement. Qualitative (ethnographic) research on these villages in Slovakia is still in its infancy. In our research on two localities near Bratislava we focused on finding out the level and form of relations between local old inhabitants and new settlers. We also noticed the motivation of new residents to move to the village. We obtained data from the declared statements of informants in an ethnographic interview. Their analysis showed that contacts between the two groups occur randomly and sporadically, and their form is formal and courtesy. The most frequent factors for moving into the village were the price of the house, the desire to live in a “green” and peaceful rural environment, and the feeling of privacy and freedom.

11

HISTORY AND MEMORY OF HOSPITAL SITES. ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE “OLD” HOSPITAL IN TOPOĽČANY

51%

Tišliar P. , Kačírek Ľ. , Janto J.

Muzeológia a kultúrne dedičstvo

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2020

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tom 8

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nr 1

31 – 45

EN

This paper deals with the site of the old hospital in Topoľčany, which is listed among Slovakia’s national cultural sites. It combines selected historical and ethnological approaches to the research of the site and its structures with the aim of capturing its historical and ethnological links and values within an urban environment. The paper is an output of a scientific project featuring the cooperation of several scientific and research institutions which are active in the technical, social, and human sciences.