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Prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes in staphylococci isolated from ready-to-eat meat producs

100%

Podkowik M. , Bystron J. , Bania J.

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nr 2

EN

Prevalence of mecA, blaZ, tetO/K/M, ermA/B/C, aph, and vanA/B/C/D genes conferring resistance to oxacillin, penicillin, tetracycline, erythromycin, gentamicin, and vancomycin was investigated in 65 staphylococcal isolates belonging to twelve species obtained from ready-to-eat porcine, bovine, and chicken products. All coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS) and S. aureus isolates harbored at least one antibiotic resistance gene. None of the S. aureus possessed more than three genes, while 25% of the CNS isolates harbored at least four genes encoding resistance to clinically used antibiotics. In 15 CNS isolates the mecA gene was detected, while all S. aureus isolates were mecA-negative. We demonstrate that in ready-to-eat food the frequency of CNS harboring multiple antibiotic resistance genes is higher than that of multiple resistant S. aureus, meaning that food can be considered a reservoir of bacteria containing genes potentially contributing to the evolution of antibiotic resistance in staphylococci.

2

Bakterie z rodzaju Arcobacter - potencjalnym zagrożeniem bezpieczeństwa żywnosci

100%

Bystron J. , Krupa P. , Podkowik M. , Bania J.

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tom 70

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nr 01

EN

The genus Arcobacter was included in the family Campylobacteraceae in 1991, and currently consists of fourteen species, of which A. butzlerii, A. cryaerophilus, and A. skirrowii have been associated with human and animal diseases. Arcobacter spp. have been isolated from food, mainly from products of animal origin, with the highest prevalence in chickens, followed by pork and beef. The bacteria have been commonly detected in chicken carcasses and in the intestinal content of birds. The faecal contamination is regarded as the main route of transmission of Arcobacter spp. into poultry carcasses. Additionally, these bacteria can attach to water pipes and are able to survive in the slaughterhouse environment under chilled conditions. Apart from poultry and other meat, Arcobacter spp. have been isolated from drinking water reservoirs, sewage, faeces of healthy animals and from animals affected by various diseases, including abortion, mastitis, septicaemia, and enteritis. Recent evidence suggests that Arcobacter spp., especially A. butzleri, may be involved in human enteric diseases. Occasionally, these bacteria have also been found in cases of human extraintestinal diseases. Until present, little is known about the infection dose, mechanisms of pathogenicity, and virulence factors of Arcobacter spp. Consumption of raw or poorly cooked contaminated food of animal origin, mainly poultry, is the most likely source of human poisoning. The actual role of Arcobacter spp. in human diseases is probably underestimated because of the lack of standardized identification methods and routine detection procedures.

3

Enterotoksyny gronkowcowe w żywności - nowe zagrożenia

100%

Podkowik M. , Schubert J. , Bania J. , Bystron J.

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nr 05

4

Distribution of enterotoxin genes in Staphylococcus aureus isolates from pork and pigs

88%

Bystron J. , Podkowik M. , Bania J. , Krupa P. , Schubert J.

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nr 06

EN

Aim of the study: The study was conducted to determine the incidence of genes encoding emetic staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) in S. aureus isolates from pork and pigs, and to demonstrate the connection between the enterotoxigenic potential of S. aureus and its genetic background. Materials and methods: S. aureus isolates from pork (45 isolates) and pigs (45 isolates), representing various clonal complexes, were tested for the presence of emetic SEs genes. Results and discussion: Thirty-four of the 45 S. aureus isolates (75%) derived from pork were shown to harbor genes encoding emetic SEs. Among 45 pig-derived S. aureus isolates, SE genes were detected in 28 isolates (62%). Fifty-five percent of potentially enterotoxigenic staphylococci carried genes encoding classical toxins (SEA-SEE), whereas 28 isolates (45%) harbored exclusively genes encoding new emetic SEs. The most prevalent (82%) classical enterotoxin gene was seb, whereas seg and sei genes dominated (82%) among isolates harboring genes encoding other emetic toxins. Seventeen of 23 S. aureus isolates assigned to the CC15 clonal complex were found to harbor the seb gene. Ten of 15 CC7 isolates contained the selp gene. Isolates harboring seg and sei genes dominated in CC30 (81%) and CC9 clones (76%). Four isolates assigned to CC398 were shown to harbor enterotoxin genes, such as seb, sed, seg, sei, and ser. Our results indicate a high incidence of enterotoxigenic S. aureus isolates harboring genes encoding other emetic SEs in pork and pigs. In most of the pig- and pork-derived isolates studied here, genotype-enterotoxin association was similar to that known from human S. aureus isolates. This is the first report on SE genes in S. aureus CC398 genetic background in Poland, and probably also in Europe.

5

Morphology and molecular study of Fascioloides magna – a growing threat to cervids (Cervidae) in Poland

88%

Houszka M. , Piekarska J. , Podkowik M. , Gorczykowski M. , Bania J.

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nr 4

6

Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Arcobacter butzleri and Arcobacter cryaerophilus isolates from retail meat in Lower Silesia region, Poland

88%

Zacharow I. , Bystroń J. , Wałecka-Zacharska E. , Podkowik M. , Bania J.

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nr 1

7

Prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes in staphylococci isolated from ready-to-eat meat products

63%

Podkowik M. , Bystroń J. , Bania J.

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