Networked control systems (NCSs) are of major interest nowadays with the development and applications of computer and information technology in industry. The main problem encountered in the application of NCSs to real-time system control is lack of the approaches in system modelling and analysis. Time delays are inevitable and unpredictable due to the transmission delay of communication network. When the time delays are taken into account, the traditional methods in both system characteristic analysis and design may not be validated. Based on a brief introduction of NCSs with network-induced time delays, this paper proposes to investigate the Hinfinity control problem of NCSs with stochastic time delays by using a combined method of sampled-data system technique and time delay system Hinfinity control theory. Applying a linear matrix inequality (LMI) approach, the sufficient conditions for the existence and further solution of state feedback controller are derived in terms of LMIs. It is shown that the Hinfinity controller can be constructed by using LMI solutions.
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Ball mill pulverizing system (BMPS) of thermal power plant has high energy consumption and the running time assessment of BMPS is of important theoretical significance and practical motivation for the energy saving. In the paper, an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system-based pulverizing capability model (ANFIS-PCM) for running time assessment of BMPS is proposed. The proposed model integrates of the artificial neural network and the Takagi-Sugeno type fuzzy rule to construct an input-output mapping based on both human knowledge and stipulated input-output data pair. For the proposed method, the subtractive clustering algorithm is used to obtain the initial rules, and the membership functions and the rules could be determined by the learning ability. The proposed model is performed on the field data under different work conditions. The experiments results verify that the proposed model has higher prediction precision. Moreover, the proposed model has been put into practice and the field operation curve verifies that the pulverizing capability could be predicted correctlly and the running time assessment of BMPS would be realized.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono model szacowania czasu pracy urządzenia do proszkowania w młynie kulowym, opracowany w oparciu o system wnioskowania neuro-rozmytego. W systemie zintegrowano sztuczną sieć neuronową oraz model rozmyty Takagi-Sugeno. Proponowany model zbudowano na podstawie pomierzonych wartości w różnych warunkach pracy. Przeprowadzono zostały próby weryfikujące skuteczność działania, które potwierdziły wysoką sprawność algorytmu.
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MPPT(maximum power point tracking) has been one of the hot issues in PV power system all the time. At present, most of MPPT methods are very efficient only under uniform irradiance. However, the output power-voltage curve presents multi-peak characteristics under PSCs (partially shaded conditions), which is one challenge of the MPPT technology. In this paper, the segment characteristics of PV array, which is made by PV modules in series-parallel (SP) connection, was analyzed in details under PSCs. And then a GMPPT (global maximum power point tracking) algorithm was proposed based on the segment model. The MPPT controller using this algorithm can rapidly locate the segment where the GMPP(Global Maximum Power Point) is in and then converges the working point to GMPP using an improved InC (Incremental Conductance) method. A Matlab/SIMULINK model verifies that the proposed algorithm is efficient under both uniform irradiance and PSCs.
PL
System śledzenia warunków maksymalnej mocy MPPT jest powszechnie stosowany w systemach fotowoltaicznych. Systemy te w większości działają w warunkach jednorodnego nasłonecznienia. W artykule zaproponowano system śledzenia mocy w warunkach częściowego nasłonecznienia.
Myxobolus tsangwuensis Chen, 1954 is a common parasite infecting the gills of common carp Cyprinus carpio (L.). It was described simply in the original description and its molecular data was absent, which makes the accurate diagnosis challenging. Here we supplemented its description based on the morphological, histological and molecular data. It was characterized by the presence of small round or ellipsoidal plasmodia in the gills of host and histology showed the plasmodia developed in the capillary network of the gill lamella. Mature spores of M. tsangwuensis were ellipsodal in frontal view and lemon shaped in lateral view, averaging 11.2 ± 0.7 (10.2–12.5) μm × 9.3 ± 0.3 (8.5–10.0) μm × 6.2 ± 0.4 (5.5–7.0) μm. Spores valves were symmetrical and smooth. Occasionally, a small intercapsular appendix was observed. Two polar capsules were pyriform with different sizes, measuring 5.0 ± 0.2 (4.4–5.3) μm × 3.1 ± 0.1 (2.9–3.5) μm and 3.9 ± 0.2 (3.4–4.3) μm × 2.5 ± 0.2 (2.0–2.8) μm, respectively. Polar filaments coiled five to seven turns in large polar capsule and three to four turns in the small polar capsule. Some spores were surrounded by the mucous envelope that was not recorded in the original description. Molecular analysis revealed that the present SSU rDNA sequences did not match any available sequences in GenBank and phylogenetic analysis showed M. tsangwuensis was sister to M. basilamellaris and M. musseliusae.
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This paper develops an instrumental analytical approach for detection of fourteen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in edible oil samples using gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled with diode array detector (DAD), and fluorescence detector (FLD). The GPC was used to remove triglycerides from edible oil samples. The extracted samples were then detected using UHPLC—DAD—FLD. In order to obtain good separation and high reproducibility, the UHPLC—DAD—FLD experimental condition was optimized. The PAHs including three groups of isomeric PAHs can be separated completely in 12 min using BEH Shield RP 18 column with a suitable gradient elution program. The mean recoveries were in the range of 73–110% with an acceptable reproducibility (RSD < 10%, n = 3). During real sample analysis, the method can decrease the chance of false positives with both DAD and FLD being used simultaneously. The results indicate that the approach is simple, easy, and acceptably reproducible, thereby showing great potential as a method for detection of fourteen PAHs contained in edible oil samples.
The first description is presented of nucleotide sequence of exon 2 of caprine melatonin receptor 1b (MT2). No polymorphisms of MT2 gene were detected between high fertility and year-round estrous goat breeds and low fertility and seasonal estrous goat breeds. It is likely that exon 2 of MT2 gene is not associated with fertility or reproductive seasonality in goat breeds. The nucleotide sequence of exon 2 of MT2 gene of Jining Grey goats shows much closer phylogenetic relation to the MT2 of sheep (97%) and cattle (94%) than to that of pig (84%), human (80%) and mouse (74%). A rather high nucleotide identity (62-64%) with the melatonin receptor 1a (MT1) of goat, sheep, human and mouse was also found. The caprine MT2 contains the same NAXXY motif in transmembrane 7 as the other melatonin receptors. Both DRY and CYVCR motifs were detected just downstream from its third transmembrane domain (the same as in sheep and cattle) rather than NRY and CYICH found in other melatonin receptor groups.