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Pierwszy komunikat o odkryciu polonu zredagowany i własnoręcznie napisany przez Marię Skłodowską-Curie

100%

Mierzecki R.

Analecta. Studia i Materiały z Dziejów Nauki

2011

tom 20

nr 1(38)

7-18

AIM: Analyzing and duplicating a genuine hand-written French text of the first statement about discovery of polonium presented to Academy of France on July 18, 1898, which was written with few corrections in Maria Skłodowska-Curie's own hand, together with its exact translation into Polish.  RESULTS: In a manuscript one cannot find any corrections written in own hand of Piotr Curie, who was mentioned as the first author of the statement. The authoress - Maria Skłodowska-Curie - set her name to the statement as the second signatory in the following form: 'Mme (previously, in a crossed out version: 'Madame') S. Curie'. In her signature the authoress placed a letter 'S' as an initial of her maiden name Skłodowska (and not as an initial of the name). The statement was published in the columns of Comptes Rendus de l'Academie Française. Previously, in the statement, which was issued by the same periodical, the authoress presented her surname in a version: 'Mme Skłodowska-Curie'. So, she was anxious to insist on the fact that both of the statements came from one person. A way of setting the name to the discussed statement caused that some authors describing the discovery of polonium mistakenly considered a letter 'S' to be an abbreviation of the name.  CONCLUSION: Formulating and writing in Maria Skłodowska-Curie's own hand the first statement about the discovery of the first radioactive element - polonium - confirms some authors' opinion, and particularly Polish ones', saying that a credit for a discovery of a new type of chemical elements - radioactive elements - should be primarily given to Polish scientist Maria Skłodowska-Curie, and not to her husband - Piotr Curie - who was a famous French physicist.

Chemical ideas and the development of chemical and petroleum industry on the Polish territory since 1850 to 1920

100%

Mierzecki R.

The information about: 1) the liquefaction of oxygen and nitrogen in 1883 in Kraków, 2) the formulation in Lwow of the hypothesis of vegetal origin of crude oil, 3) the discovery of chromatography in 1903 in Warsaw, is given. The situation of chemical industry in the three parts of Poland partitioned among Russia, Germany and Austria is reported. A special attention is paid to the activity of Ignacy Łukasiewicz, who received for the first time in the world the kerosene from the crude oil, constructed and lighted in Lwow pharmacy in March 1853 the kerosene lamp. In 1854 he excavated petroleum shaft in Bóbrka and in 1856 he built a petroleum refinery in Ulaszowice near Jasło, getting ahead of USA, where the first petroleum refinery at Oil Creek was built five years later, in 1861.

Recenzja książki: Jakub Barner, Chemia Filozoficzna

88%

Mierzecki R.

Analecta. Studia i Materiały z Dziejów Nauki

2014

tom 23

nr 1(44)

197-201