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EN
Background. Natura 2000 is a conservation network developed in all EU member countries. It is designated to support the long-term survival of most valuable and threatened species and habitats. Almost half of the Sudetes area, where tourism is one of the significant functions, is included in that network. The main aim of the paper was to evaluate the role of Natura 2000 sites for the socioeconomic development of the Sudetes municipalities, especially for tourism development. Material and methods. The research materials were the main planning and strategic documents for the local development (117 documents in total). The research was conducted in 44 Sudetes municipalities. The authors took into account the attitudes towards Natura 2000 areas and the comprehensiveness of the approach to the problem. Results and conclusions. The local authorities find Natura 2000 sites an im­por­tant opportunity for local development. However, their role is not usually precisely explained. Neutral attitude dominates in the analysed documents. Generally, Natura 2000 sites are not perceived as a threat for tourism development in the analysed municipalities.
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2011
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nr 3(45)
26-58
EN
The main aim of the article is to test Richard Butler’s model of tourist destination lifecycle in relation to Benidorm – one of the most important Spanish seaside resorts. Benidorm is an example of extreme changes in the landscape caused by a large number of skyscrapers. The analysis of Benidorm’s history from 14th to 16th century and its photographs allowed us to identify phases of this resort’s cycle. Supply and demanded features, infrastructure, the degree of landscape change and management priorities were also taken into consideration. Particular attention was paid to the reorientation stage. Using statistical data, the authors verified how effective the reorientation of Benidorm’s tourism economy was. Moreover, in order to show a wide background of the issues discussed, the main characteristics of development stages of mass tourism were presented (based on ten examples of second generation seaside resorts).
PL
Autorzy przetestowali model cyklu życiowego destynacji turystycznej Richarda Butlera na jednym z najważniejszych ośrodków turystyki wypoczynkowej Hiszpanii – Benidormie. Wyróżnia się on dużym stopniem przekształcenia krajobrazu – jest to największe skupisko wieżowców w Europie. Na podstawie historycznej analizy rozwoju ośrodka od XIV do XXI w. i źródeł ikonograficznych (fotografii) zidentyfikowano kolejne fazy cyklu, a także określono cechy popytu i podaży, zasób infrastrukturalny, stopień przekształcenia krajobrazu i priorytety zarządzania. Szczególny nacisk położono na omówienie procesu reorientacyjnego (restrukturyzacyjnego), a następnie oceniono jego skuteczność na podstawie analizy danych statystycznych. Rozpatrzono przypadek Benidormu na tle porównawczym 10 nadmorskich destynacji drugiej generacji z różnych regionów świata. Ponadto zaproponowano syntetyczny, uogólniony model rozwoju sfery turystycznej w uwzględnionych miejscowościach.
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EN
deve­lopment strategies of municipalities located in the Sudetes. Material and methods. The study involved 44 Sudetes municipalities. The officially accepted strategies of municipality development and tourism development were analysed in the context of strategic and ope­ra­tional objectives, vision of the municipality and its mission, SWOT analysis, and key tasks. The authors collated the results with the development of the tourist function. Results and conclusions. The role of tourism is mentioned in most of the analysed documents owing to the attractive natural and cultural environment. Up to 89% of the studied municipalities involved tourism in SWOT analyses and 73% of them presented tourist attractions widely in their development strategies. However, the municipalities rarely employ their values to create advanced tourist products; these are included only in 25% of the documents. Unfortunately, they can be mostly classified as potential ones. The municipalities with a downward trend of tourism function show the smallest interest in tourism development. Others present different approaches to it.
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