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3 Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering

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Time resolved PIV and LDA study of the turbulent flow field of bi-Ieaflet mechanical mitral prostheses

100%

Akutsu T. , Fukuda T. , Sakurai S. , Saito J.

2006

tom Vol. 26, no. 1

53-59

Time Resolved PIV and LDA measurment were conducted for the study of the fIow field generated by the mechanical bi-leafIet mitral valves, the SJM and the Jyros valves, to find out the effect of the valve designs and the installed orientations on the fIow. Results from the time resolved PIV system were very comparable to the LDA results. In both orientations, the JR valve generated much higher turbulent stresses.

Dynamic PIV study of the turbulent flow field of several bi-leaflet mechanical mitral prostheses

88%

Akutsu T. , Fukuda T. , Imai R. , Saito J. , Mori K.

2007

tom Vol. 27, no. 1-2

265-269

Four mechanical bi-leaflet prostheses, the St. Jude Medical (SJM) valve and On-X (OX) valve with straight leaflets and the Jyros (JR) valve, and Edwards MIRA (MIRA) valve with curved leaflets were tested in the mitral position under pulsatile-flow conditions. Dynamic PIV system was employed to analyse the flow field affected by the leaflet shapes and overall valve designs. Detailed analysis of the time resolved information of the flow fields associated with the changing flow phases revealed the significance of the leaflet shape and overall valve designs on the flow field.

Biomedical engineering analysis of effectiveness of cardiovascular surgery: anastomosis methods for coronary artery bypass grafting

63%

Umezu M. , Kawai J. , Suehiro J. , Arita M. , Shiraishi Y. , Iwasaki K. , Tanaka T. , Akutsu T. , Niinami H.

2006

tom Vol. 26, no. 1

61-67

There are two types of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) anastomosis methods: the end-to-side anastomosis (ESAs) and the side-to-side anastomosis (SSAs). The choice of these methods is determined by the surgeon's favor because there is no evidence how to optimize. The ultimate objective of this study is to provide new methodology for the surgeons to enable them to choose the anastomosis methods through both in-vivo and invitro tests. The in-vivo tests were performed on pigs and the energy loss at the anastomosis ESAs and SSAs were compared. The in-vitro tests were conducted in the newly-developed system to evaluate CABG anastomosis methods. This system is composed of the mock circulatory system and the coronary simulator, which originally was designed to reproduce various types of the coronary hemodynamics. Both the in-vivo and the in-vitro tests showed a similar 'tendency of the energy loss: SSAs had a lower energy loss than ESAs under the same conditions. These effects were caused by the difference in the local flow at the anastomosis between ESAs and SSAs. Consequently, SSAs is believed to be an anastomosis method preferable to ESAs.