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EN
Plant-specific NAM, ATAF1/2, and CUC (NAC) transcription factors serve essential functions in plant development and plant responses to environmental cues. Yet, transcription factors specific to the rose (Rosa hybrida) NAM/CUC3 subfamily are poorly understood. Here, we identify a novel NAM/CUC3-subfamily transcription factor, RhNAC31, that is associated with flower opening and can be induced by increased salt, cold, and dehydration stress treatment. RhNAC31 has a transactivation region in its C-terminal region, and its overexpression is associated with enhanced cold tolerance in Arabidopsis, conferring a higher survival rate and reduced reactive oxygen (H₂O₂ and O₂⁻) levels. Under salt stress conditions, plants overexpressing RhNAC31 displayed increased germination rates and lower levels of H₂O₂, malondiadehyde (MDA), peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Moreover, RhNAC31 conferred enhanced drought resistance by reducing the rate of water loss through leaves. Further characterization revealed a higher sensitivity of RhNAC31 transgenic plants to abscisic acid (ABA) both during and post-germination, causing lower germination and root inhibition rates under ABA treatment. Quantitative PCR experiments showed that numerous abiotic stress-related genes were activated by RhNAC31 overexpression. Our results highlight RhNAC31 as a positive transcriptional regulator of tolerance to multiple abiotic pressures, and we conclude that RhNAC31 has potential for use in the molecular breeding of stress-tolerant crops.
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