Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Comparison of ploughing vs. ploughless cultivation in terms of energy expenditure and treatment quality

100%

Szczyglak P.

Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn

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2020

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tom nr 23(4)

323--336

EN

The article discusses the basic soil cultivation technologies and analyses the effectiveness of ploughless cultivation machines manufactured in Poland. The study also describes the design of a prototype of an innovative MultiCat 6HD aggregated tillage unit and presents the research methodology for examining the aggregated unit and machines for traditional plough tillage. The following parameters were determined: fuel consumption, theoretical and effective field capacity, depth at which plant residues are incorporated into the soil, and the indicator of crop residue embedding. The conducted analyses revealed that ploughless cultivation required approximately 30% less fuel than traditional plough tillage. Plant material was also more favourably distributed within the soil profile and crop residues were nearly identically embedded as in plough tillage. The study demonstrated that ploughless cultivation involving the MultiCat 6HD aggregated unit can increase the competitiveness of agricultural farms.

2

Method for Assessing Windscreen Abrasive Wear

51%

Szczyglak P. , Napiórkowski J. , Wodzyński A.

Tribologia

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2022

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tom nr 2

79--88

EN

This study addresses safety issues surrounding windscreens use and identifies factors affecting the wear rate for windscreens and windscreen wiper blades. Moreover, it presents an original method for bench-testing the windscreen wear process. The method allows tests to be carried out under near-operational conditions. The paper also describes an automated bench equipped with an abrasive dispenser and methods for measuring windscreen wear. Tests were conducted for the effects of quartz sand, marine sand and electro-corundum on the windscreen. It was demonstrated for marine sand and electro-corundum that even the short-term effect of these forcings on the windscreen reduced light penetration to a level of 70%, i.e., a critical value for windscreens. The change in the roughness Ra value during the impact of quartz sand on the pane was characterised by a much greater variability compared to the interaction of marine sand and electro-corundum. It was also demonstrated that the condition of wiper blades was related to the roughness of the windscreen. The summary presents conclusions concerning the research method described and the study results.

PL

W pracy omówiono problemy dotyczące bezpieczeństwa użytkowania szyb samochodowych. Zidentyfikowano czynniki wpływające na intensywność zużycia szyb i piór wycieraczek. Przedstawiono autorską metodę stanowiskowego badania procesu zużycia szyb samochodowych. Metoda pozwala na prowadzenie testów w warunkach zbliżonych do eksploatacyjnych. Opisano zautomatyzowane stanowisko wyposażone w dozownik materiału ściernego, a także sposoby pomiaru zużycia szyby. Przeprowadzono badania dla oddziaływania na szybę piasku kwarcowego, morskiego i elektrokorundu. W przypadku piasku morskiego i elektrokorundu wykazano, że nawet krótkotrwałe oddziaływanie na szybę tych wymuszeń powodowało spadek przenikalności światła do wartości 70%, co dla szyb samochodowych jest wartością krytyczną. Zmiana wartości chropowatości Ra w czasie oddziaływania na szybę piasku kwarcowego charakteryzowała się znacznie większą zmiennością w porównaniu do oddziaływania piasku morskiego i elektrokorundu. Wykazano także, że stan piór wycieraczek ma związek, z chropowatością szyby. W podsumowaniu przedstawiono wnioski dotyczące opisanej metody badawczej i wyników badań.

3

Evaluation of the antiwear properties of timely changed engine oils

51%

Skonieczna D. , Vrublevskyi O. , Szczyglak P.

Combustion Engines

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2023

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tom R. 62, nr 4

116--122

EN

The article presents the results of tests, replaced according to the vehicle manufacturer's recommendations, of engine oils. The sample of engine oils in service came from spark-ignition and compression-ignition vehicles used in urban or mixed mode. During their collection, the type of drive unit, the mileage of the car and the number of kilometers the oil was used for were recorded for each sample (this was the main criterion for differentiating samples). In addition, a control group of samples consisting of fresh oils of the same viscosity grade and distributed by the same producer was set up to observe changes in the parameters of individual lubricants after the operating period. The first part of the empirical study consisted of determining the physico-chemical properties of the lubricants, i.e.: kinematic viscosity, density and water content. The second part involved anti-wear tests using a T-02U tribometer. The use of the tribometer made it possible to record the anti-wear parameter, i.e. moment of friction, and also the load imposed on the friction node, as a result of which it was possible to calculate the friction force and friction coefficient. The research was complemented by an analysis of worn surfaces of the friction node on a microscope. The tests carried out can be used for predictive purposes, in terms of assessing the condition of a lubricant subjected to an operating process in an internal combustion engine.

4

An Evaluation of the Effect of Silica Dust on Brake Pad Wear

51%

Szczyglak P. , Napiórkowski J. , Sydorczyk M.

Tribologia

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2023

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tom nr 2

73--84

EN

The wear of brake pads exposed to silica dust was measured. A novel test stand was developed to analyse brake pads' wear exposed to silica dust. Brake pad wear was determined by measuring pad lining geometry and mass changes. Geometric wear was analysed by determining changes in the thickness of the brake pad lining during friction tests. In order to determine changes in mass, the brake pads were weighed before and after the test. Brake pad wear was evaluated under dust-free conditions and under exposure to silica dust. The tests revealed significant differences in brake pad wear under dust-free conditions and under exposure to silica dust. Mass loss of brake pad lining at different silica concentrations in airborne dust was described.

PL

W pracy przedstawiono wyniki pomiarów zużycia okładzin hamulców tarczowych w zapyleniu pyłu kwarcowego. W celu przeprowadzenia badań zbudowano nowatorskie stanowisko do badania zużycia okładzin hamulców tarczowych w zapyleniu pyłu kwarcowego. Zużycie określono metodą geometryczną i wagową. Pomiary w przypadku wyznaczenia zużycia geometrycznego polegały na ocenie zmian grubości okładziny hamulcowej podczas prób tarcia. W przypadku metody wagowej dokonano pomiaru masy klocka hamulcowego przed badaniem oraz po wykonaniu badania. Badania zużycia klocków hamulcowych dokonano w warunkach środowiska bez zapylenia oraz w zapyleniu pyłem kwarcowym. Przeprowadzone wyniki badań wykazały istotne różnice w procesie zużywania klocków hamulcowych pomiędzy próbami wykonywanymi bez zapylenia, a tymi wykonywanymi w zapyleniu. Przedstawiono przebieg ubytku masowego w zależności od stopnia zapylenia powietrza kwarcem.

5

Modelling lubricating oil wear using fuzzy logic

51%

Skonieczna D. , Szczyglak P. , Lemecha M.

Combustion Engines

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2024

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tom R. 63, nr 2

42--49

EN

The content of this article presents research on used and fresh engine oils. The aim of the experiment is to preliminarily develop a method for assessing the condition of engine oil subjected to service. A four-ball tester was used to compare the lubricating properties of the engine oil as one component of the tribosystem under laboratory conditions. The method used to determine the mashing load consisted of subjecting the kinematic node to a linearly increasing load with a build-up rate of 409 N·s-1 under operating conditions of approximately 20°C and a spindle speed of 500 rpm. The presented article is a continuation of the consideration of the lubricating properties of engine oils subjected to operation. The tests carried out made it possible to observe that fresh oils are characterised by their ability to carry higher loads in relation to oils subjected to service. This is evidenced by the obtained values of scuffing loads, which have a higher value for fresh oils (The average percentage increase in scuffing load for fresh oils was 62.23%). Comparing the friction torque characteristics with each other, it can be seen that the values of maximum friction torque are also higher for the fresh oils group. The modelling process made it possible to characterise changes in the tribological properties of the lubricating oil being used. In the future, the described model will be extended to include further input parameters (viscosity, contaminant content, fractional composition, etc.), which will allow a multi-parametric assessment of lubricating oil wear.